Neurology - Seizure Disorders
1. What is a seizure?: - abnormal, unregulated electrical discharge that occurs within the brain's cortical gray
matter that transiently interrupts normal brain function
2. What is epilepsy?: - Chronic brain disorder characterized by recurrent unprovoked seizures, meaning that
it is not secondary to any other diseases (IDIOPATHIC)
3. What is epilepsy defined as?: - e
2 seizures occurring >24 hours apart
4. Do patients with recurrent seizures provoked by reversible cause have epilep-
sy?: - NO
5. What are possible reversible causes that can cause recurrent seizures?: - EtOH
withdrawal
- hypo/hyperglycemia
- uremia
6. If an individual gets one seizure in their lifetime, is that normal?: YES, can not be
defined as a disorder
7. What type of brain infections can cause seizures?: - abscess
- HIV
- malaria
- meningitis
- rabies
,- syphilis
- tetanus
- toxoplasmosis
- viral encephalitis
8. What type of metabolic disorders can cause seizures?: - hypo/hyperglycemia
- hypo/hypernatremia
- hypocalcemia
- hypomagnesemia
9. Brain hypoxia due to which conditions can cause seizures?: - arrhythmias
- cardiac arrest
- CO poisoning
- near suffocation
- stroke
- vasculitis
,10. What kind of structural damage to the brain can cause seizures?: - brain tumor
(noncancerous or cancerous)
- head injury
- hydrocephalus
- intracranial hemorrhage
11. What kind of cerebral edema can cause seizures?: - eclampsia
- hypertensive encephalopathy
12. What type of birth abnormalities can cause seizures?: - birth defect
- Tay-Sachs disease or PKU
- birth injury
13. Which medications can cause seizures?: - cefepime
- ciprofloxacin
- imipenem
- chloroquine
- indomethacin
- meperidine
- phenytoin
- theophylline
- cyclosporine
- buspirone
- chlorpromazine
- clozapine
- TCAs
14. Which illicit drugs can cause seizures?: - amphetamines
, - cocaine overdose
15. Withdrawal or heavy use of which substances can cause seizures?: - alcohol
- general anesthetics
- sedatives
- sleep aids
16. Which toxins can cause seizures?: - lead
- strychnine
1. What is a seizure?: - abnormal, unregulated electrical discharge that occurs within the brain's cortical gray
matter that transiently interrupts normal brain function
2. What is epilepsy?: - Chronic brain disorder characterized by recurrent unprovoked seizures, meaning that
it is not secondary to any other diseases (IDIOPATHIC)
3. What is epilepsy defined as?: - e
2 seizures occurring >24 hours apart
4. Do patients with recurrent seizures provoked by reversible cause have epilep-
sy?: - NO
5. What are possible reversible causes that can cause recurrent seizures?: - EtOH
withdrawal
- hypo/hyperglycemia
- uremia
6. If an individual gets one seizure in their lifetime, is that normal?: YES, can not be
defined as a disorder
7. What type of brain infections can cause seizures?: - abscess
- HIV
- malaria
- meningitis
- rabies
,- syphilis
- tetanus
- toxoplasmosis
- viral encephalitis
8. What type of metabolic disorders can cause seizures?: - hypo/hyperglycemia
- hypo/hypernatremia
- hypocalcemia
- hypomagnesemia
9. Brain hypoxia due to which conditions can cause seizures?: - arrhythmias
- cardiac arrest
- CO poisoning
- near suffocation
- stroke
- vasculitis
,10. What kind of structural damage to the brain can cause seizures?: - brain tumor
(noncancerous or cancerous)
- head injury
- hydrocephalus
- intracranial hemorrhage
11. What kind of cerebral edema can cause seizures?: - eclampsia
- hypertensive encephalopathy
12. What type of birth abnormalities can cause seizures?: - birth defect
- Tay-Sachs disease or PKU
- birth injury
13. Which medications can cause seizures?: - cefepime
- ciprofloxacin
- imipenem
- chloroquine
- indomethacin
- meperidine
- phenytoin
- theophylline
- cyclosporine
- buspirone
- chlorpromazine
- clozapine
- TCAs
14. Which illicit drugs can cause seizures?: - amphetamines
, - cocaine overdose
15. Withdrawal or heavy use of which substances can cause seizures?: - alcohol
- general anesthetics
- sedatives
- sleep aids
16. Which toxins can cause seizures?: - lead
- strychnine
