CROSS CULTURAL PSYCHOLOGY
EXAM 2 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
What term is used to describe the degree to which a person adopts the gender specific
behaviors ascribed by their culture? - ANSWER-gender roles
According to Hofstede (2001), which cultures tended to be more traditional, and focused more
on religion and God or gods? - ANSWER-masculine cultures
In the context of biological correlates to aggression, increased testosterone levels in males have
been associated with dominance hierarchies in some nonhuman primates, but the human
analog is less clear. - ANSWER-true
Some researchers suggest that male aggression may be a compensatory mechanism to offset
the conflict produced by a young male's identification with a care provider and his initiation into
adulthood as a male. In this model, aggressiveness is viewed as "gender marking" behavior. -
ANSWER-true
Widmer and colleagues (1998) grouped countries based on their responses to their survey on
attitudes toward premarital sex, teen sex, extramarital sex, and homosexuality. The "Teen
Permissives" group included: - ANSWER-East and West Germany, Austria, Sweden, and Slovenia.
Which of the following is a model that suggests that biological differences between the sexes
interact with the environment to produce culture-specific sex roles that are adaptations to the
environment? - ANSWER-Biosocial model
One of the major findings of the study conducted by Williams and Best (1982) on "gender
stereotypes" was that the characteristics associated with men were stronger and more active
than those associated with women across all countries. - ANSWER-true
In the context of gender role ideologies, Gibbons and colleagues conducted several cross-
cultural studies involving almost 700 adolescents from Spain, Guatemala, and Sri Lanka. In their
surveys, these researchers found that the most important quality of an ideal man or woman for
both boys and girls was being _____, a characteristic that was not gender-specific. - ANSWER-
kind and honest
The 191 members of the _____ have committed to creating sustainable human development
and to recognizing equal rights and opportunities for men and women that are critical for social
and economic progress. - ANSWER-united nations
EXAM 2 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
What term is used to describe the degree to which a person adopts the gender specific
behaviors ascribed by their culture? - ANSWER-gender roles
According to Hofstede (2001), which cultures tended to be more traditional, and focused more
on religion and God or gods? - ANSWER-masculine cultures
In the context of biological correlates to aggression, increased testosterone levels in males have
been associated with dominance hierarchies in some nonhuman primates, but the human
analog is less clear. - ANSWER-true
Some researchers suggest that male aggression may be a compensatory mechanism to offset
the conflict produced by a young male's identification with a care provider and his initiation into
adulthood as a male. In this model, aggressiveness is viewed as "gender marking" behavior. -
ANSWER-true
Widmer and colleagues (1998) grouped countries based on their responses to their survey on
attitudes toward premarital sex, teen sex, extramarital sex, and homosexuality. The "Teen
Permissives" group included: - ANSWER-East and West Germany, Austria, Sweden, and Slovenia.
Which of the following is a model that suggests that biological differences between the sexes
interact with the environment to produce culture-specific sex roles that are adaptations to the
environment? - ANSWER-Biosocial model
One of the major findings of the study conducted by Williams and Best (1982) on "gender
stereotypes" was that the characteristics associated with men were stronger and more active
than those associated with women across all countries. - ANSWER-true
In the context of gender role ideologies, Gibbons and colleagues conducted several cross-
cultural studies involving almost 700 adolescents from Spain, Guatemala, and Sri Lanka. In their
surveys, these researchers found that the most important quality of an ideal man or woman for
both boys and girls was being _____, a characteristic that was not gender-specific. - ANSWER-
kind and honest
The 191 members of the _____ have committed to creating sustainable human development
and to recognizing equal rights and opportunities for men and women that are critical for social
and economic progress. - ANSWER-united nations
