1
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Advanced Pharmacology Exam 1
Questions and Answers (100% Correct
Answers) Already Graded A+
Once you graduate from an NP program, in order to prescribe
you'll need: [ ANS: ] -Advanced nurse prescriber license
-DEA #
What is the purpose of a DEA #? [ ANS: ] Needed to prescribed
scheduled drugs
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Rules for prescribing Schedule II drugs: [ ANS: ] -Written script
needed
Guru01 - Stuvia
-1 month supply only
-No refills
What is the PDMP? [ ANS: ] Prescription Drug Monitoring Program
Used to effectively track patient's controlled substance uses across
different health facilities (in the same state)
What are clinical practice guidelines? [ ANS: ] Recommendations
that are intended to optimize patient care that are informed by a
systematic review of the evidence and an assessment of the
benefits/harms of alternative care practices
Ex: sepsis, CAP
Common causes of medication errors: [ ANS: ] -Illegible writing
-Drug names that sound alike
, 2
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-Medications that look alike
-Administering a drug with the wrong route
What is pharmacokinetics? What are its 4 categories? [ ANS: ]
What the body does to the drug
1. Absorption
2. Metabolism
3. Distribution
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4. Excretion
Quickest route of absorption? Slowest? [ ANS: ] IV = quickest
Guru01 - Stuvia
IM = slowest
What is the most common way drugs pass through cell
membranes? [ ANS: ] Passive diffusion
What characteristics of a drug allow it to pass most quickly
through cell membranes (usually through passive diffusion)? [ ANS:
] Small, uncharged (unionized), lipid soluble--pass through
membrane without any energy
What does it mean when a drug is ionized? [ ANS: ] It means that
the drug is stuck in the compartment it was ionized in and has to
be moved to the next compartment (cannot be absorbed into
the bloodstream)
Where do weak acids absorb? [ ANS: ] Stomach
Where do weak bases absorb? [ ANS: ] Small intestine
pH of stomach: [ ANS: ] 2-4
pH of small intestine: [ ANS: ] 6-7
, 3
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pH of large intestine: [ ANS: ] 6-7
pH of bloodstream: [ ANS: ] 7.35-7.45
pH of bladder: [ ANS: ] 5-8
pH of breastmilk: [ ANS: ] 7.1
Where will a drug absorb if it is a weak base that ionizes at a pH of
4 and lower? [ ANS: ] In the small intestine (since the stomach has
a pH of 2-4, so the drug will become ionized and move to the
small intestine where it will be able to absorb into the
bloodstream)
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How can we manipulate the urine pH in cases of overdose? [ ANS:
] Drugs that are weak acids (aspirin) can be trapped and
excreted through the urine.
Guru01 - Stuvia
We raise pH of the urine (with sodium bicarb) to force the drug to
ionize and allow it to be excreted, not reabsorbed through the
bloodstream.
What is distribution? [ ANS: ] How a drug will be transported to the
tissues it needs to go to in order for it to exert its effects
Drug factors related to distribution: [ ANS: ] -Lipid solubility
-Molecular size
-Degree of ionization
-Duration of action
-Cellular binding
-Therapeutic effects
-Toxic effects
, 4
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(lipid soluble, small, and non-ionized drugs will distribute more
quickly)
Body factors related to distribution: [ ANS: ] -Vascularity (poor
perfusion, disruption of blood flow due to trauma--difficulty
distributing)
-Blood barriers (blood-brain-barrier can be problematic if we need
to get drugs to the brain--will need very high dosing since only a
small amount of the drug will get through)
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-Transport mechanisms
-Plasma binding proteins
-Disease states
Guru01 - Stuvia
-Volume of distribution
-Drug interactions
What is the key plasma protein involved with protein binding for
medications? [ ANS: ] Albumin
Why do we monitor albumin? [ ANS: ] Indicative of nutritional
status and how well protein-bound drugs will be transported to
their target locations
What happens to the therapeutic effect of a drug when the
patient is elderly and has very low levels of albumin? [ ANS: ] The
drug does not bind to the protein (albumin) as much as expected,
so there is a lot of free drug floating in the plasma; high risk for
drug toxicity
Protein bound means: [ ANS: ] Inactive form of the drug; does not
have any therapeutic effect when bound to a protein
For Expert help and assignment solutions, +254707240657
Advanced Pharmacology Exam 1
Questions and Answers (100% Correct
Answers) Already Graded A+
Once you graduate from an NP program, in order to prescribe
you'll need: [ ANS: ] -Advanced nurse prescriber license
-DEA #
What is the purpose of a DEA #? [ ANS: ] Needed to prescribed
scheduled drugs
© 2025 Assignment Expert
Rules for prescribing Schedule II drugs: [ ANS: ] -Written script
needed
Guru01 - Stuvia
-1 month supply only
-No refills
What is the PDMP? [ ANS: ] Prescription Drug Monitoring Program
Used to effectively track patient's controlled substance uses across
different health facilities (in the same state)
What are clinical practice guidelines? [ ANS: ] Recommendations
that are intended to optimize patient care that are informed by a
systematic review of the evidence and an assessment of the
benefits/harms of alternative care practices
Ex: sepsis, CAP
Common causes of medication errors: [ ANS: ] -Illegible writing
-Drug names that sound alike
, 2
For Expert help and assignment solutions, +254707240657
-Medications that look alike
-Administering a drug with the wrong route
What is pharmacokinetics? What are its 4 categories? [ ANS: ]
What the body does to the drug
1. Absorption
2. Metabolism
3. Distribution
© 2025 Assignment Expert
4. Excretion
Quickest route of absorption? Slowest? [ ANS: ] IV = quickest
Guru01 - Stuvia
IM = slowest
What is the most common way drugs pass through cell
membranes? [ ANS: ] Passive diffusion
What characteristics of a drug allow it to pass most quickly
through cell membranes (usually through passive diffusion)? [ ANS:
] Small, uncharged (unionized), lipid soluble--pass through
membrane without any energy
What does it mean when a drug is ionized? [ ANS: ] It means that
the drug is stuck in the compartment it was ionized in and has to
be moved to the next compartment (cannot be absorbed into
the bloodstream)
Where do weak acids absorb? [ ANS: ] Stomach
Where do weak bases absorb? [ ANS: ] Small intestine
pH of stomach: [ ANS: ] 2-4
pH of small intestine: [ ANS: ] 6-7
, 3
For Expert help and assignment solutions, +254707240657
pH of large intestine: [ ANS: ] 6-7
pH of bloodstream: [ ANS: ] 7.35-7.45
pH of bladder: [ ANS: ] 5-8
pH of breastmilk: [ ANS: ] 7.1
Where will a drug absorb if it is a weak base that ionizes at a pH of
4 and lower? [ ANS: ] In the small intestine (since the stomach has
a pH of 2-4, so the drug will become ionized and move to the
small intestine where it will be able to absorb into the
bloodstream)
© 2025 Assignment Expert
How can we manipulate the urine pH in cases of overdose? [ ANS:
] Drugs that are weak acids (aspirin) can be trapped and
excreted through the urine.
Guru01 - Stuvia
We raise pH of the urine (with sodium bicarb) to force the drug to
ionize and allow it to be excreted, not reabsorbed through the
bloodstream.
What is distribution? [ ANS: ] How a drug will be transported to the
tissues it needs to go to in order for it to exert its effects
Drug factors related to distribution: [ ANS: ] -Lipid solubility
-Molecular size
-Degree of ionization
-Duration of action
-Cellular binding
-Therapeutic effects
-Toxic effects
, 4
For Expert help and assignment solutions, +254707240657
(lipid soluble, small, and non-ionized drugs will distribute more
quickly)
Body factors related to distribution: [ ANS: ] -Vascularity (poor
perfusion, disruption of blood flow due to trauma--difficulty
distributing)
-Blood barriers (blood-brain-barrier can be problematic if we need
to get drugs to the brain--will need very high dosing since only a
small amount of the drug will get through)
© 2025 Assignment Expert
-Transport mechanisms
-Plasma binding proteins
-Disease states
Guru01 - Stuvia
-Volume of distribution
-Drug interactions
What is the key plasma protein involved with protein binding for
medications? [ ANS: ] Albumin
Why do we monitor albumin? [ ANS: ] Indicative of nutritional
status and how well protein-bound drugs will be transported to
their target locations
What happens to the therapeutic effect of a drug when the
patient is elderly and has very low levels of albumin? [ ANS: ] The
drug does not bind to the protein (albumin) as much as expected,
so there is a lot of free drug floating in the plasma; high risk for
drug toxicity
Protein bound means: [ ANS: ] Inactive form of the drug; does not
have any therapeutic effect when bound to a protein
