Sergeant Exam NFLST
1. 14th ammendment due process of law
2. Arrest intention, authority, custody
3. Arrest warrant 1. Name of the state
2. Who will execute the warrant (normally any peace
officer of that state)
3. Person who will be arrested
4. Offense Committed
5. Date, time, place of occurrence
6. Name of victim
7. Description of Offense
4. Mapp v. Ohio Established the exclusionary rule was applicable to the
states (evidence seized illegally cannot be used in court)
5. Search Warrant Exceptions Consent, warrant, exigency, vehicle inventory, incident to
arrest, motor vehicle, plain view
6. Chimel v. California (1969) search is valid of a person and area under him immedi-
ate control form which he could produce a weapon or
destroy evidence
7. Carroll v. U.S. (1925) movable vehicle rule
8. Arizona v. Gant (2009) can search a vehicle when reasonable to believe will find
evidence of the offense. Only in passenger compart-
ment.
9. inductive reasoning factual and logical explanation of the crime
10. deductive reasoning hypothesis
11. neighborhood canvas helpful in about 20% of investigations
, Sergeant Exam NFLST
12. vehicle canvas get description, location, plate of vehicles in the area
with description of anything suspicious ie blood, bullet
holes, possible evidence.
13. Primary v. secondary scenes primary is where first criminal act occurred, secondary
scenes are where all subsequent scenes occurred.
14. Evidence in "open view" processed before other items/bodies to make sure no
undue damage is done to families by media or common
talk.
15. 3 kinds of evidence Corpus delicti evidence - evidence that is needed to
prove the commission of the crime
Associative - connects the suspect to the scene or victim/
or connects the scene or victim to the suspect
Tracing - identification and location of the suspect such
as a discarded ID at the scene.
16. Crime scene patterns (patterns or Spiral, Grid, Strip/line, Quadrant/ or Zone, Pie/wheel
techniques used to search an area
after the boundary has been de-
termined
17. Digital photography (far/medi- Orientation - far, Relationship - medium, Identification -
um/close) close, Comparison - close of evidence
18. Class characteristics not completely original, like the print of a Nike shoe
19. Individual characteristics fingerprints/footprints, etc.
20. Residue prints prints left on a hard surface from a foot, shoe, or tire.
, Sergeant Exam NFLST
21. Impressions prints left in something moldable like clay, dirt, snow,
etc.
22. Plastic prints prints left in something "tacky" like silly putty, fatty foods,
caulking
23. Patent/contaminated/visible fingers contaminated with an oily substance touch a
clean surface
24. Latent/invisible unseen or hidden prints that are developed to expose
them
25. Forensic ondontology intersection of dentistry and criminal law, i.e. bite mark
analysis and identification.
26. Signature The striations on a bullet after passing through the bore
of the barrel of a rifle or pistol
27. Touch DNA small amounts of DNA evidence left from suspect skin
shavings after touching something.
28. Handwriting samples 15 to 20 samples should be collected from suspects
29. Objective of interrogation: (impor- Obtain valuable facts, Eliminate the innocent, Identify
tance goes up as the difficulty the guilty, Obtain a confession
goes up)
30. Proximity distance between you and subject during interview (op-
timal proximity 27 in. for middle class white males)
31. Expectancy Bias when witness is not completely positive of an an-
swer. They'll give an answer they would expect, or as-
sume.
1. 14th ammendment due process of law
2. Arrest intention, authority, custody
3. Arrest warrant 1. Name of the state
2. Who will execute the warrant (normally any peace
officer of that state)
3. Person who will be arrested
4. Offense Committed
5. Date, time, place of occurrence
6. Name of victim
7. Description of Offense
4. Mapp v. Ohio Established the exclusionary rule was applicable to the
states (evidence seized illegally cannot be used in court)
5. Search Warrant Exceptions Consent, warrant, exigency, vehicle inventory, incident to
arrest, motor vehicle, plain view
6. Chimel v. California (1969) search is valid of a person and area under him immedi-
ate control form which he could produce a weapon or
destroy evidence
7. Carroll v. U.S. (1925) movable vehicle rule
8. Arizona v. Gant (2009) can search a vehicle when reasonable to believe will find
evidence of the offense. Only in passenger compart-
ment.
9. inductive reasoning factual and logical explanation of the crime
10. deductive reasoning hypothesis
11. neighborhood canvas helpful in about 20% of investigations
, Sergeant Exam NFLST
12. vehicle canvas get description, location, plate of vehicles in the area
with description of anything suspicious ie blood, bullet
holes, possible evidence.
13. Primary v. secondary scenes primary is where first criminal act occurred, secondary
scenes are where all subsequent scenes occurred.
14. Evidence in "open view" processed before other items/bodies to make sure no
undue damage is done to families by media or common
talk.
15. 3 kinds of evidence Corpus delicti evidence - evidence that is needed to
prove the commission of the crime
Associative - connects the suspect to the scene or victim/
or connects the scene or victim to the suspect
Tracing - identification and location of the suspect such
as a discarded ID at the scene.
16. Crime scene patterns (patterns or Spiral, Grid, Strip/line, Quadrant/ or Zone, Pie/wheel
techniques used to search an area
after the boundary has been de-
termined
17. Digital photography (far/medi- Orientation - far, Relationship - medium, Identification -
um/close) close, Comparison - close of evidence
18. Class characteristics not completely original, like the print of a Nike shoe
19. Individual characteristics fingerprints/footprints, etc.
20. Residue prints prints left on a hard surface from a foot, shoe, or tire.
, Sergeant Exam NFLST
21. Impressions prints left in something moldable like clay, dirt, snow,
etc.
22. Plastic prints prints left in something "tacky" like silly putty, fatty foods,
caulking
23. Patent/contaminated/visible fingers contaminated with an oily substance touch a
clean surface
24. Latent/invisible unseen or hidden prints that are developed to expose
them
25. Forensic ondontology intersection of dentistry and criminal law, i.e. bite mark
analysis and identification.
26. Signature The striations on a bullet after passing through the bore
of the barrel of a rifle or pistol
27. Touch DNA small amounts of DNA evidence left from suspect skin
shavings after touching something.
28. Handwriting samples 15 to 20 samples should be collected from suspects
29. Objective of interrogation: (impor- Obtain valuable facts, Eliminate the innocent, Identify
tance goes up as the difficulty the guilty, Obtain a confession
goes up)
30. Proximity distance between you and subject during interview (op-
timal proximity 27 in. for middle class white males)
31. Expectancy Bias when witness is not completely positive of an an-
swer. They'll give an answer they would expect, or as-
sume.
