NUR401 Exam Questions with Answers
NREM - ✔✔stages 1-4 of the sleep cycle, the muscles of the eyes are relaxing, heart rate, BP,
and RR generally decreases
REM - ✔✔increased contraction of the eye muscles, heart rate and BP may increase, rapid eye
movements, vivid dreams, increased electrical brain activation, loss of muscle tension or atonia
Circadian rhythm - ✔✔regulated by a pacemaker or biologic clock that balances the daily
patterning of sleep, changes occur in an approximately 24 hour rhythm, best between the
hours of 12 am and 6 am
16-18 hours - ✔✔sleep times for children 12 months old and younger
11-12 hours - ✔✔sleep times for preschool children
10 hours - ✔✔sleep times for school age children
9-10 hours - ✔✔sleep times for teens
7-8 hours - ✔✔sleep times for adolescents moving into adulthood
Nocturnal polysomnography - ✔✔assessing sleep disorders by continuous monitoring of brain
waves, eye movements, and muscle movement activity
Insomnia - ✔✔the perception of insufficient sleep or not feeling rested after habitual sleep, one
of the following: difficulty falling asleep, difficulty staying asleep, and early morning wakening
, Hypersomnolence Disorder - ✔✔characterized by excessive sleep, including significant daytime
sleepiness
Narcolepsy - ✔✔recurrent periods of irrepressible need to sleep, lapsing into sleep or napping,
occurring 3x a week for 3 months, one of the following: episodes of cataplexy, hypocretin
deficiency, plunge into REM sleep upon onset of sleep
Restless leg syndrome - ✔✔disorder in which there is a voluntary response and urge/need to
move the legs to stop disagreeable lower leg sensations such as creeping, crawling, aching,
pulling, searing, tingling, bubbling, pain, cramping, or itching
REM sleep behavior disorder - ✔✔repeated wakening during sleep with a vocalization and/or
complex motor behaviors, occurring during REM sleep so about 90 minutes into sleep, the
person becomes fully awake, alert without confusion, causes significant distress in one area of
functioning
Non-REM sleep arousal disorder - ✔✔either sleep walking or sleep terrors, unable to remember
any dreams, amnesia about the episodes, significant distress/impairment in an area of
functioning
Sleep walking - ✔✔rising from bed, walking about, blank expression, unresponsive to attempts
to communicate by others, awakened with great difficulty
Sleep terrors - ✔✔recurrent episodes of abrupt wakening usually with screaming, intense fear
with S/S ANS arousal, unresponsive to calming by others
Nightmare disorder - ✔✔repeated occurrences of well-remembered dreams that involve
threats to survival, security, or physical integrity, upon awakening, the individual rapidly
becomes oriented, causes significant distress in one area of functioning
Circadian rhythm sleep-wake disorder - ✔✔misalignment between the patient's sleep pattern
and the sleep pattern that is desired or regarded as the societal norm, characterized by
NREM - ✔✔stages 1-4 of the sleep cycle, the muscles of the eyes are relaxing, heart rate, BP,
and RR generally decreases
REM - ✔✔increased contraction of the eye muscles, heart rate and BP may increase, rapid eye
movements, vivid dreams, increased electrical brain activation, loss of muscle tension or atonia
Circadian rhythm - ✔✔regulated by a pacemaker or biologic clock that balances the daily
patterning of sleep, changes occur in an approximately 24 hour rhythm, best between the
hours of 12 am and 6 am
16-18 hours - ✔✔sleep times for children 12 months old and younger
11-12 hours - ✔✔sleep times for preschool children
10 hours - ✔✔sleep times for school age children
9-10 hours - ✔✔sleep times for teens
7-8 hours - ✔✔sleep times for adolescents moving into adulthood
Nocturnal polysomnography - ✔✔assessing sleep disorders by continuous monitoring of brain
waves, eye movements, and muscle movement activity
Insomnia - ✔✔the perception of insufficient sleep or not feeling rested after habitual sleep, one
of the following: difficulty falling asleep, difficulty staying asleep, and early morning wakening
, Hypersomnolence Disorder - ✔✔characterized by excessive sleep, including significant daytime
sleepiness
Narcolepsy - ✔✔recurrent periods of irrepressible need to sleep, lapsing into sleep or napping,
occurring 3x a week for 3 months, one of the following: episodes of cataplexy, hypocretin
deficiency, plunge into REM sleep upon onset of sleep
Restless leg syndrome - ✔✔disorder in which there is a voluntary response and urge/need to
move the legs to stop disagreeable lower leg sensations such as creeping, crawling, aching,
pulling, searing, tingling, bubbling, pain, cramping, or itching
REM sleep behavior disorder - ✔✔repeated wakening during sleep with a vocalization and/or
complex motor behaviors, occurring during REM sleep so about 90 minutes into sleep, the
person becomes fully awake, alert without confusion, causes significant distress in one area of
functioning
Non-REM sleep arousal disorder - ✔✔either sleep walking or sleep terrors, unable to remember
any dreams, amnesia about the episodes, significant distress/impairment in an area of
functioning
Sleep walking - ✔✔rising from bed, walking about, blank expression, unresponsive to attempts
to communicate by others, awakened with great difficulty
Sleep terrors - ✔✔recurrent episodes of abrupt wakening usually with screaming, intense fear
with S/S ANS arousal, unresponsive to calming by others
Nightmare disorder - ✔✔repeated occurrences of well-remembered dreams that involve
threats to survival, security, or physical integrity, upon awakening, the individual rapidly
becomes oriented, causes significant distress in one area of functioning
Circadian rhythm sleep-wake disorder - ✔✔misalignment between the patient's sleep pattern
and the sleep pattern that is desired or regarded as the societal norm, characterized by
