MBIO 3401 EXAM QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT AND VERIFIED ANSWERS|LATEST
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What are the 4 traits of a microbe? -CORRECT ANSWER--Too small to be seen by human eye
-Grow and reproduce in nature
-Active metabolism
-Respond to stimuli
Diameter of a typical microbe? -CORRECT ANSWER-0.2 micrometers (μm) in diameter
Who was the first person to observe single-celled microbes? -CORRECT ANSWER-Antonie
van Leeuwenhoek
Where do microbes come from? -CORRECT ANSWER-they have parents
who disproved theory of spontaneous generation? -CORRECT ANSWER-Louis Pasteur
Louis Pasteur contribution to microbiology? -CORRECT ANSWER-disproved spontaneous
generation
Who proved the link between microbes and infectious disease? -CORRECT ANSWER-Robert
Koch
,Robert Koch's contribution to microbiology? -CORRECT ANSWER-Link between microbes and
infectious disease.
What are the two primary types of cells? -CORRECT ANSWER-Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic
Is bacteria prokaryotic or eukaryotic? -CORRECT ANSWER-Prokaryotic
Is archaea prokaryotic or eukaryotic? -CORRECT ANSWER-Prokaryotic
Primary purpose of light microscope? -CORRECT ANSWER-Improve contrast and resolution
What is contrast? -CORRECT ANSWER-the difference in brightness between the light and
dark areas of an image
What is resolution of an image? -CORRECT ANSWER-Ability to distinguish between two
objects.
5 types of light microscopy? -CORRECT ANSWER--Bright Field
-Phase contrast
-Differential Interference Contrast
-Dark-field
-Fluorescence
Color of Gram + cells after gram stain? -CORRECT ANSWER-Purple
Color of gram - cells after gram stain -CORRECT ANSWER-Red/pink
What is confocal scanning laser microscopy? -CORRECT ANSWER-A computerized fluorescent
microscope that uses a laser source to create a 3D image
,Pros and Cons of Bright-field microscopy: -CORRECT ANSWER-Pros: Simple and affordable
Cons: need staining and difficult to see small/colorless cells
Pros and Cons of dark field microscopy: -CORRECT ANSWER-Pros: Highly sensitive for small
cells/structures
Cons: poor resolution and prone to artifacts
Pros and Cons of Phase contrast microscopy and differential interference microscopy: -
CORRECT ANSWER-Pros: See live cells w/out stain, see some internal structures
Cons: Hard for small cells
Pros and Cons of Fluorescence and Confocal Microscopes: -CORRECT ANSWER-Pros: High
resolution, 3D, vibrant colors, live cells
Cons: expensive
What is electron microscopy? -CORRECT ANSWER-Uses electrons rather than visual light
Advantage of electron microscopy? -CORRECT ANSWER-Greater resolution than light
microscope
Role of transmission electron microscopy (TEM): -CORRECT ANSWER--See internal structures
-Obtain 3D images
Role of Scanning Electron Microscopes (SEM): -CORRECT ANSWER-see surface and external
structures
What is passive transport? -CORRECT ANSWER-The movement of materials across the cell
membrane without using cellular energy and with concentration gradient
, What is active transport? -CORRECT ANSWER-the movement of ions or molecules across a
cell membrane into a region of higher concentration, assisted by enzymes and requiring
energy.
Role of the cell wall? -CORRECT ANSWER-Maintain shape and rigidity
Parts of a phospholipid: -CORRECT ANSWER-Polar head and non polar tail
Where is peptidoglycan not found? -CORRECT ANSWER-Archaea and Eukaryotes
Where is peptidoglycan found? -CORRECT ANSWER-bacteria
What are the parts of peptidoglycan? -CORRECT ANSWER-- N-acetylglucosamine
- N-Acetylmuramic acid
-Amino acids
-peptide cross links
Length of lipoteichoic acid: -CORRECT ANSWER-Spans entire membrane of peptidoglycan
layer
Where are lipoteichoic acids found? -CORRECT ANSWER-gram positive cell wall
Length of teichoic acid : -CORRECT ANSWER-Doesn't span entire peptidoglycan layer
Where are teichoic acids found? -CORRECT ANSWER-gram positive cell walls
Describe the Gram + cell wall: -CORRECT ANSWER-Cytoplasmic membrane surrounded by
thick peptidoglycan layer
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What are the 4 traits of a microbe? -CORRECT ANSWER--Too small to be seen by human eye
-Grow and reproduce in nature
-Active metabolism
-Respond to stimuli
Diameter of a typical microbe? -CORRECT ANSWER-0.2 micrometers (μm) in diameter
Who was the first person to observe single-celled microbes? -CORRECT ANSWER-Antonie
van Leeuwenhoek
Where do microbes come from? -CORRECT ANSWER-they have parents
who disproved theory of spontaneous generation? -CORRECT ANSWER-Louis Pasteur
Louis Pasteur contribution to microbiology? -CORRECT ANSWER-disproved spontaneous
generation
Who proved the link between microbes and infectious disease? -CORRECT ANSWER-Robert
Koch
,Robert Koch's contribution to microbiology? -CORRECT ANSWER-Link between microbes and
infectious disease.
What are the two primary types of cells? -CORRECT ANSWER-Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic
Is bacteria prokaryotic or eukaryotic? -CORRECT ANSWER-Prokaryotic
Is archaea prokaryotic or eukaryotic? -CORRECT ANSWER-Prokaryotic
Primary purpose of light microscope? -CORRECT ANSWER-Improve contrast and resolution
What is contrast? -CORRECT ANSWER-the difference in brightness between the light and
dark areas of an image
What is resolution of an image? -CORRECT ANSWER-Ability to distinguish between two
objects.
5 types of light microscopy? -CORRECT ANSWER--Bright Field
-Phase contrast
-Differential Interference Contrast
-Dark-field
-Fluorescence
Color of Gram + cells after gram stain? -CORRECT ANSWER-Purple
Color of gram - cells after gram stain -CORRECT ANSWER-Red/pink
What is confocal scanning laser microscopy? -CORRECT ANSWER-A computerized fluorescent
microscope that uses a laser source to create a 3D image
,Pros and Cons of Bright-field microscopy: -CORRECT ANSWER-Pros: Simple and affordable
Cons: need staining and difficult to see small/colorless cells
Pros and Cons of dark field microscopy: -CORRECT ANSWER-Pros: Highly sensitive for small
cells/structures
Cons: poor resolution and prone to artifacts
Pros and Cons of Phase contrast microscopy and differential interference microscopy: -
CORRECT ANSWER-Pros: See live cells w/out stain, see some internal structures
Cons: Hard for small cells
Pros and Cons of Fluorescence and Confocal Microscopes: -CORRECT ANSWER-Pros: High
resolution, 3D, vibrant colors, live cells
Cons: expensive
What is electron microscopy? -CORRECT ANSWER-Uses electrons rather than visual light
Advantage of electron microscopy? -CORRECT ANSWER-Greater resolution than light
microscope
Role of transmission electron microscopy (TEM): -CORRECT ANSWER--See internal structures
-Obtain 3D images
Role of Scanning Electron Microscopes (SEM): -CORRECT ANSWER-see surface and external
structures
What is passive transport? -CORRECT ANSWER-The movement of materials across the cell
membrane without using cellular energy and with concentration gradient
, What is active transport? -CORRECT ANSWER-the movement of ions or molecules across a
cell membrane into a region of higher concentration, assisted by enzymes and requiring
energy.
Role of the cell wall? -CORRECT ANSWER-Maintain shape and rigidity
Parts of a phospholipid: -CORRECT ANSWER-Polar head and non polar tail
Where is peptidoglycan not found? -CORRECT ANSWER-Archaea and Eukaryotes
Where is peptidoglycan found? -CORRECT ANSWER-bacteria
What are the parts of peptidoglycan? -CORRECT ANSWER-- N-acetylglucosamine
- N-Acetylmuramic acid
-Amino acids
-peptide cross links
Length of lipoteichoic acid: -CORRECT ANSWER-Spans entire membrane of peptidoglycan
layer
Where are lipoteichoic acids found? -CORRECT ANSWER-gram positive cell wall
Length of teichoic acid : -CORRECT ANSWER-Doesn't span entire peptidoglycan layer
Where are teichoic acids found? -CORRECT ANSWER-gram positive cell walls
Describe the Gram + cell wall: -CORRECT ANSWER-Cytoplasmic membrane surrounded by
thick peptidoglycan layer
