ONS ONCC CHEMO RENEWAL 2025
ONCOLOGY EXAMS WITH COMPLETE
SOLUTIONS
Main benefit of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (breast cancer patient) -ANSNeoadjuvant
therapy does not increase survival when compared to adjuvant therapy. It only changes
the timing of treatment and can change surgical options if the tumor is shrunk enough. If
this occurs, the patient may only require a lumpectomy plus radiation therapy instead of
needing a mastectomy
Due to Mrs. Turner's age and comorbidities, her oncologist performs a comprehensive
geriatric assessment. You know that this assessment covers all but which of the
following: -ANSA comprehensive geriatric assessment (CGA) is a multidisciplinary
evaluation to assess life expectancy and risk of morbidity and mortality in the older
patient. This assessment tool would evaluate and include the following areas: functional
status, socioeconomic issues, psychosocial distress, comorbidities, cognitive function,
nutritional status, polypharmacy, and a medication review (NCCN Older Adult Oncology
Guidelines, version 1.2015).
The NCCN Older Adult Oncology Guidelines (version 1.2015) provides information on
what is included in a comprehensive geriatric assessment. Currently, more than 60% of
cancers in the United States occur in people age ______and older and as the oncology
world ages, nearly half (46%) of cancer survivors are 70 years of age or older -ANS65
What is your best explanation for why Mrs. Turner was given a port to receive her
chemotherapy? -ANSTwo of the agents (docetaxel and carboplatin) that Mrs. Turner will
receive are categorized as irritants. Docetaxel can cause a significant reaction if it
extravasates. It can lead to edema, erythema, occasional pain and blister formation
(ONS Chemo/Bio guidelines, 2014). That is the most likely reason that Mrs. Turner was
given a port for her treatments. Some patients will receive their treatments through a
peripheral IV without incident. Just because they are intravenous agents does not mean
that a port is required and needing a port has nothing to do with her being older in age.
Since none of these agents are vesicants, they likely could have been given safely via
peripheral route but having a port placed is OK as well.
_____________can cause inflammation, pain, and burning but rarely cause tissue
necrosis comparable to a vesicant (unless a large amount or a very high concentration
of the irritant is extravasated). -ANSIrrirtants
, _____________can cause blistering and significant pain and tissue damage and
destruction, leading to tissue death. -ANSVesicants
A further classification of an antineoplastic agent's potential to cause damage is whether
its mechanism of action includes DNA binding. -ANSNon-DNA-binding solutions remain
in the local area of the extravasation, which improves the possibility of drug
deactivation.
DNA-binding agents attach to DNA nucleic acids, causing the antagonist to be ingested
cellularly, leading to progressive tissue destruction
DNA Binding Irritants -ANSBendamustinea
Dactinomycin
Daunorubicin
Doxorubicin
Epirubicin
Idarubicin
Mechlorethamine
Mitomycin
DNA Nonbinding vessicants -ANSAmsacrine
Paclitaxel
Vinblastine
Vincristine
Vindesine
Vinorelbine
Extravasciation Alkylating / Mechlorethamine tx -ANSSodium thiosulfate
Inject 2 ml of sodium thiosulfate for each milligram of
mechlorethamine extravasated.
Inject subcutaneously into extravasation site using a 25
gauge or smaller needle (change needle with each injection).
Monitor extravasation site according to the institution's
policies and procedures.
Extravasciation Alkylating: Oxaliplatin -ANSApply warm compresses.
Dexamethasone
8 mg twice daily
for 14 days
Extravasation Tx: Anthracyclines --- Daunorubicin,
doxorubicin, epirubicin,
idarubicin -ANSTotect
Apply ice pack (remove 15
minutes prior to Totect
ONCOLOGY EXAMS WITH COMPLETE
SOLUTIONS
Main benefit of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (breast cancer patient) -ANSNeoadjuvant
therapy does not increase survival when compared to adjuvant therapy. It only changes
the timing of treatment and can change surgical options if the tumor is shrunk enough. If
this occurs, the patient may only require a lumpectomy plus radiation therapy instead of
needing a mastectomy
Due to Mrs. Turner's age and comorbidities, her oncologist performs a comprehensive
geriatric assessment. You know that this assessment covers all but which of the
following: -ANSA comprehensive geriatric assessment (CGA) is a multidisciplinary
evaluation to assess life expectancy and risk of morbidity and mortality in the older
patient. This assessment tool would evaluate and include the following areas: functional
status, socioeconomic issues, psychosocial distress, comorbidities, cognitive function,
nutritional status, polypharmacy, and a medication review (NCCN Older Adult Oncology
Guidelines, version 1.2015).
The NCCN Older Adult Oncology Guidelines (version 1.2015) provides information on
what is included in a comprehensive geriatric assessment. Currently, more than 60% of
cancers in the United States occur in people age ______and older and as the oncology
world ages, nearly half (46%) of cancer survivors are 70 years of age or older -ANS65
What is your best explanation for why Mrs. Turner was given a port to receive her
chemotherapy? -ANSTwo of the agents (docetaxel and carboplatin) that Mrs. Turner will
receive are categorized as irritants. Docetaxel can cause a significant reaction if it
extravasates. It can lead to edema, erythema, occasional pain and blister formation
(ONS Chemo/Bio guidelines, 2014). That is the most likely reason that Mrs. Turner was
given a port for her treatments. Some patients will receive their treatments through a
peripheral IV without incident. Just because they are intravenous agents does not mean
that a port is required and needing a port has nothing to do with her being older in age.
Since none of these agents are vesicants, they likely could have been given safely via
peripheral route but having a port placed is OK as well.
_____________can cause inflammation, pain, and burning but rarely cause tissue
necrosis comparable to a vesicant (unless a large amount or a very high concentration
of the irritant is extravasated). -ANSIrrirtants
, _____________can cause blistering and significant pain and tissue damage and
destruction, leading to tissue death. -ANSVesicants
A further classification of an antineoplastic agent's potential to cause damage is whether
its mechanism of action includes DNA binding. -ANSNon-DNA-binding solutions remain
in the local area of the extravasation, which improves the possibility of drug
deactivation.
DNA-binding agents attach to DNA nucleic acids, causing the antagonist to be ingested
cellularly, leading to progressive tissue destruction
DNA Binding Irritants -ANSBendamustinea
Dactinomycin
Daunorubicin
Doxorubicin
Epirubicin
Idarubicin
Mechlorethamine
Mitomycin
DNA Nonbinding vessicants -ANSAmsacrine
Paclitaxel
Vinblastine
Vincristine
Vindesine
Vinorelbine
Extravasciation Alkylating / Mechlorethamine tx -ANSSodium thiosulfate
Inject 2 ml of sodium thiosulfate for each milligram of
mechlorethamine extravasated.
Inject subcutaneously into extravasation site using a 25
gauge or smaller needle (change needle with each injection).
Monitor extravasation site according to the institution's
policies and procedures.
Extravasciation Alkylating: Oxaliplatin -ANSApply warm compresses.
Dexamethasone
8 mg twice daily
for 14 days
Extravasation Tx: Anthracyclines --- Daunorubicin,
doxorubicin, epirubicin,
idarubicin -ANSTotect
Apply ice pack (remove 15
minutes prior to Totect
