TC 3-04.93 Aeromedical Training for Flight Personnel UPDATED
ACTUAL Questions and CORRECT Answers
1. What are the 1. TYPE I (UNRECOGNIZED)-an aviator does not perceive any indication of SD or
types of Spa- think anything is wrong. Type I SD is the most dangerous type of disorientation.
tial Disorien-
tation? Explain 2. TYPE II (RECOGNIZED)-the pilot perceives a problem resulting from SD but might
each. not recognize it as SD.
3. TYPE III (INCAPACITATING)-the pilot experiences such an overwhelming sensa-
tion of movement that he or she cannot orient using visual cues or the aircraft
instruments. Type III SD is not fatal if the copilot can gain control of the aircraft.
2. What are DEATH
the Physiological
Stressors? 1. Drugs
2. Exhaustion
3. Alcohol
4. Tobacco
5. Hypoglycemia
3. What are the Somatogyral Illusions
categories of Somatogravic Illusions
Vestibular Illu-
sions?
4. What causes So- Somatogyral illusions occur when angular acceleration and deceleration stimulates
matogyral illu- the semicircular canals.
sions?
5. What are the Leans
types of somato- Graveyard spins
gyral illusions? Coriolis illusion
6. What is the
most dangerous
, of all vestibular il- Coriolis illusions are the most dangerous of all vestibular illusions and cause
lusions? overwhelming disorientation. Causes the pilot to experience an overwhelming
head-over-heels tumbling sensation.
7. What causes So- Somatogravic illusions are caused when changes in gravity or linear acceleration
matogravic Illu- and deceleration stimulate the otolith organ.
sions?
8. What are the Oculogravic
types of so- Elevator illusion
matogravic illu- Oculoagravic
sions?
9. What systems Closely associated with the vestibular system and, to a lesser degree, the visual
are the propri- system.
oceptive illusions
closely associat-
ed with?
10. What is the best Visual acuity decreases to 20/200 or less, and color perception is lost.
visual acuity for
unaided vision?
11. What should an 1. Never fly without visual reference points
aviator do to pre- 2. Never try to fly VMC and IMC at the same time
vent Spatial Dis- 3. Avoid fatigue, smoking, hypoglycemia, hypoxia, and anxiety
orientation? 4. Trust the instruments
12. What is the treat- 1. Refer to the instruments and develop a good cross-check.
ment for Spatial 2. Delay intuitive actions long enough to check both visual references and the
Disorientation? instruments.
3. Transfer control to the other pilot (if two pilots are in the aircraft); rarely will both
pilots experience SD at the same time.
ACTUAL Questions and CORRECT Answers
1. What are the 1. TYPE I (UNRECOGNIZED)-an aviator does not perceive any indication of SD or
types of Spa- think anything is wrong. Type I SD is the most dangerous type of disorientation.
tial Disorien-
tation? Explain 2. TYPE II (RECOGNIZED)-the pilot perceives a problem resulting from SD but might
each. not recognize it as SD.
3. TYPE III (INCAPACITATING)-the pilot experiences such an overwhelming sensa-
tion of movement that he or she cannot orient using visual cues or the aircraft
instruments. Type III SD is not fatal if the copilot can gain control of the aircraft.
2. What are DEATH
the Physiological
Stressors? 1. Drugs
2. Exhaustion
3. Alcohol
4. Tobacco
5. Hypoglycemia
3. What are the Somatogyral Illusions
categories of Somatogravic Illusions
Vestibular Illu-
sions?
4. What causes So- Somatogyral illusions occur when angular acceleration and deceleration stimulates
matogyral illu- the semicircular canals.
sions?
5. What are the Leans
types of somato- Graveyard spins
gyral illusions? Coriolis illusion
6. What is the
most dangerous
, of all vestibular il- Coriolis illusions are the most dangerous of all vestibular illusions and cause
lusions? overwhelming disorientation. Causes the pilot to experience an overwhelming
head-over-heels tumbling sensation.
7. What causes So- Somatogravic illusions are caused when changes in gravity or linear acceleration
matogravic Illu- and deceleration stimulate the otolith organ.
sions?
8. What are the Oculogravic
types of so- Elevator illusion
matogravic illu- Oculoagravic
sions?
9. What systems Closely associated with the vestibular system and, to a lesser degree, the visual
are the propri- system.
oceptive illusions
closely associat-
ed with?
10. What is the best Visual acuity decreases to 20/200 or less, and color perception is lost.
visual acuity for
unaided vision?
11. What should an 1. Never fly without visual reference points
aviator do to pre- 2. Never try to fly VMC and IMC at the same time
vent Spatial Dis- 3. Avoid fatigue, smoking, hypoglycemia, hypoxia, and anxiety
orientation? 4. Trust the instruments
12. What is the treat- 1. Refer to the instruments and develop a good cross-check.
ment for Spatial 2. Delay intuitive actions long enough to check both visual references and the
Disorientation? instruments.
3. Transfer control to the other pilot (if two pilots are in the aircraft); rarely will both
pilots experience SD at the same time.
