NSG 6020 Cardiovascular Exam
Questions and Answers
The hemodynamic changes resulting from structural defects in children can lead to
heart failure. The most common reason for these changes is related to: - Answer-
Volume and pressure overload resulting in decreased cardiac output
When auscultating the point of maximal impulse (PMI), apex of the heart, in an adult,
the stethoscope is placed at the: - Answer- fifth intercostal space to the left of the
midclavicular line
A condition that presents with symptomatic limb ischemia upon exertion is termed: -
Answer- atherosclerotic peripheral vascular disease
When auscultating the heart for aortic insufficiency, ask the patient to: - Answer- sit up,
lean forward, and exhale
Right atrial pressure can be determined by: - Answer- identifying the pulsations of the
right jugular vein
Absent or diminished pulses in the wrist could be indicative of: - Answer- arterial
occlusive disease
Presence of a heart murmur in a child would be considered organic if the child: -
Answer- was a 2-year-old with a congenital heart defect
When palpating the carotid pulse, it is important to: - Answer- position the patient in the
lying or sitting positions
A widened pulse pressure greater than or equal to 60 in an older patient is a risk factor
for cardiovascular disease, stroke, and: - Answer- Renal disease
When screening a patient for peripheral arterial disease (PAD), one risk factor would
include a history of: - Answer- Smoking
When assessing the heart rate of a healthy 13- month-old child, which one of the
following sites is the most appropriate for this child? - Answer- Apical pulse between the
3rd and 4th intercostal space in the left midclavicular line
, In order to assess for varicosities in the lower extremities, position the patient: - Answer-
Standing
A three-week-old infant presents with a generalized lacy, reticulated blue discoloration
of the skin. This is suggestive of: - Answer- cutis marmorata
Pain with walking or prolonged standing, radiating from the spinal area into the buttocks,
thighs, lower legs, or feet, may be seen with: - Answer- neurogenic claudication
A patient complains of increased pain in the calf muscles and buttocks especially after
walking or riding his bicycle. He states that the pain stops after he sits still for 2-3
minutes. This condition may be associated with: - Answer- Interemittent claudication
When assessing a 3-year-old African American child, the most likely cause of black,
dusky mucous membranes is related to: - Answer- cyanosis
A characteristic finding in the elderly population is: - Answer- the development of heart
rhythm changes leading to syncope.
A third hear sound (S3) is audible in a forty-five year old. This S3 sound may be: -
Answer- a sign of valvular heart disease
A patient complaints of sharp, knifelike pain that begins in the chest and radiates to the
tip of the shoulder and to the neck. This type of chest pain is suggestive of: - Answer-
Pericardititis
A heart rate of 100-180 beats per minute in an adult is considered: - Answer- sinus
tachycardia
Symptoms of orthostatic hypotension include all of the following except: - Answer-
respiratory rate greater than 30
A sudden, tearing, sharp pain that begins in the chest and radiates to the back or into
the neck is usually associated with: - Answer- angina pectoris
A disease that may present as indigestion, but is precipitated by exertion and relieved
by rest is most likely: - Answer- angina
By placing the ball of the examiner's hand firmly on the chest, the examiner would be
checking for: - Answer- thrills
When percussing the chest in a patient who has left sided heart failure, the sound
emanated would be: - Answer- resonant
A disparity between the brachial and femoral pulses in a 4-month-old could indicate: -
Answer- coarctation of the aorta (COA)
Questions and Answers
The hemodynamic changes resulting from structural defects in children can lead to
heart failure. The most common reason for these changes is related to: - Answer-
Volume and pressure overload resulting in decreased cardiac output
When auscultating the point of maximal impulse (PMI), apex of the heart, in an adult,
the stethoscope is placed at the: - Answer- fifth intercostal space to the left of the
midclavicular line
A condition that presents with symptomatic limb ischemia upon exertion is termed: -
Answer- atherosclerotic peripheral vascular disease
When auscultating the heart for aortic insufficiency, ask the patient to: - Answer- sit up,
lean forward, and exhale
Right atrial pressure can be determined by: - Answer- identifying the pulsations of the
right jugular vein
Absent or diminished pulses in the wrist could be indicative of: - Answer- arterial
occlusive disease
Presence of a heart murmur in a child would be considered organic if the child: -
Answer- was a 2-year-old with a congenital heart defect
When palpating the carotid pulse, it is important to: - Answer- position the patient in the
lying or sitting positions
A widened pulse pressure greater than or equal to 60 in an older patient is a risk factor
for cardiovascular disease, stroke, and: - Answer- Renal disease
When screening a patient for peripheral arterial disease (PAD), one risk factor would
include a history of: - Answer- Smoking
When assessing the heart rate of a healthy 13- month-old child, which one of the
following sites is the most appropriate for this child? - Answer- Apical pulse between the
3rd and 4th intercostal space in the left midclavicular line
, In order to assess for varicosities in the lower extremities, position the patient: - Answer-
Standing
A three-week-old infant presents with a generalized lacy, reticulated blue discoloration
of the skin. This is suggestive of: - Answer- cutis marmorata
Pain with walking or prolonged standing, radiating from the spinal area into the buttocks,
thighs, lower legs, or feet, may be seen with: - Answer- neurogenic claudication
A patient complains of increased pain in the calf muscles and buttocks especially after
walking or riding his bicycle. He states that the pain stops after he sits still for 2-3
minutes. This condition may be associated with: - Answer- Interemittent claudication
When assessing a 3-year-old African American child, the most likely cause of black,
dusky mucous membranes is related to: - Answer- cyanosis
A characteristic finding in the elderly population is: - Answer- the development of heart
rhythm changes leading to syncope.
A third hear sound (S3) is audible in a forty-five year old. This S3 sound may be: -
Answer- a sign of valvular heart disease
A patient complaints of sharp, knifelike pain that begins in the chest and radiates to the
tip of the shoulder and to the neck. This type of chest pain is suggestive of: - Answer-
Pericardititis
A heart rate of 100-180 beats per minute in an adult is considered: - Answer- sinus
tachycardia
Symptoms of orthostatic hypotension include all of the following except: - Answer-
respiratory rate greater than 30
A sudden, tearing, sharp pain that begins in the chest and radiates to the back or into
the neck is usually associated with: - Answer- angina pectoris
A disease that may present as indigestion, but is precipitated by exertion and relieved
by rest is most likely: - Answer- angina
By placing the ball of the examiner's hand firmly on the chest, the examiner would be
checking for: - Answer- thrills
When percussing the chest in a patient who has left sided heart failure, the sound
emanated would be: - Answer- resonant
A disparity between the brachial and femoral pulses in a 4-month-old could indicate: -
Answer- coarctation of the aorta (COA)
