1
NR 507 ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
EXAM REVIEW QUESTIONS WITH VERIFIED
ANSWERS
Pathophysiology of asthma (5) --ANSWER ;-airway inflammation,
bronchial hyper-reactivity and smooth muscle spasm
-excess mucus production and accumulation
-hypertrophy of bronchial smooth muscle
-airflow obstruction
-decreased alveolar ventilation
Bronchioles --ANSWER ;smaller passageways that originate from the
bronchi that become the alveoli
3 layers of the bronchioles --ANSWER ;innermost layer
middle layer - lamina propria
outermost layer
lamina propria --ANSWER ;the middle layer of the bronchioles
structure of the lamina propria --ANSWER ;embedded with connective
tissue cells and immune cells
purpose of the lamina propria --ANSWER ;white blood cells are present
to help protect the airways
How does the lamina propria effect the lungs in regards to asthma --
ANSWER ;the WBCs protective feature goes into overdrive causing an
inflammatory response that damages host tissue
,2
What does the innermost layer of the bronchioles contain --ANSWER
;columnar epithelial ells and mucus producing goblet cells
, 3
What does the outermost layer of the bronchioles contain --ANSWER
;smooth muscle cells
what does the outermost layer of the bronchioles do --ANSWER
;control the airways ability to constrict and dilate
alveolar hyperinflation --ANSWER ;When air is unable to move out of
the alveolar like it should due to bronchial walls collapsing around
possible mucus plug thus trapping air inside
how does hyperinflation occur? --ANSWER ;the ongoing inflammatory
process of asthma produces mucus and pus plug that the bronchial
walls collapse around
Effect of hyperinflation of the alveolar --ANSWER ;-expanded thorax
and hypercapnia (retention of CO2)
- respiratory acidosis
What are two anticholinergic drugs used for asthma --ANSWER
;tiotropium and ipratropium
What do anticholinergics do in the lungs? --ANSWER ;These drugs
block the effects of the parasympathetic nervous system
- increasing bronchodilation
MOA of anticholinergic drugs for asthma --ANSWER ;the
parasympathetic system is stimulated by the vagal nerve to release
acetylcholine which binds to the cholinergic receptors of the respiratory
tract to cause bronchial constriction = decreased airflow
NR 507 ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
EXAM REVIEW QUESTIONS WITH VERIFIED
ANSWERS
Pathophysiology of asthma (5) --ANSWER ;-airway inflammation,
bronchial hyper-reactivity and smooth muscle spasm
-excess mucus production and accumulation
-hypertrophy of bronchial smooth muscle
-airflow obstruction
-decreased alveolar ventilation
Bronchioles --ANSWER ;smaller passageways that originate from the
bronchi that become the alveoli
3 layers of the bronchioles --ANSWER ;innermost layer
middle layer - lamina propria
outermost layer
lamina propria --ANSWER ;the middle layer of the bronchioles
structure of the lamina propria --ANSWER ;embedded with connective
tissue cells and immune cells
purpose of the lamina propria --ANSWER ;white blood cells are present
to help protect the airways
How does the lamina propria effect the lungs in regards to asthma --
ANSWER ;the WBCs protective feature goes into overdrive causing an
inflammatory response that damages host tissue
,2
What does the innermost layer of the bronchioles contain --ANSWER
;columnar epithelial ells and mucus producing goblet cells
, 3
What does the outermost layer of the bronchioles contain --ANSWER
;smooth muscle cells
what does the outermost layer of the bronchioles do --ANSWER
;control the airways ability to constrict and dilate
alveolar hyperinflation --ANSWER ;When air is unable to move out of
the alveolar like it should due to bronchial walls collapsing around
possible mucus plug thus trapping air inside
how does hyperinflation occur? --ANSWER ;the ongoing inflammatory
process of asthma produces mucus and pus plug that the bronchial
walls collapse around
Effect of hyperinflation of the alveolar --ANSWER ;-expanded thorax
and hypercapnia (retention of CO2)
- respiratory acidosis
What are two anticholinergic drugs used for asthma --ANSWER
;tiotropium and ipratropium
What do anticholinergics do in the lungs? --ANSWER ;These drugs
block the effects of the parasympathetic nervous system
- increasing bronchodilation
MOA of anticholinergic drugs for asthma --ANSWER ;the
parasympathetic system is stimulated by the vagal nerve to release
acetylcholine which binds to the cholinergic receptors of the respiratory
tract to cause bronchial constriction = decreased airflow
