NUR 215 Pathophysiology Test 2 Exam
Questions & Answers | 100% Verified
solutions |Questions with CORRECT
ANSWERS 2025 latest update!!
Fluids consist of - CORRECT ANSWERS water, electrolytes, minerals
Intracellular fluids (ICF) - CORRECT ANSWERS fluid inside the cell
Extracellular fluids (ECF) - CORRECT ANSWERS fluids outside the cell
Interstitial fluid - CORRECT ANSWERS fluid between cells and between cell capillaries
Diffusion - CORRECT ANSWERS passive; high to low concentration
Osmosis - CORRECT ANSWERS water diffusion
Facilitated transport - CORRECT ANSWERS molecule helps pull into cell (insulin helps glucose
into cell)
Active transport - CORRECT ANSWERS requires energy (Na/K pump)
Hydrostatic pressure - CORRECT ANSWERS exerted by fluids on capillary walls
(<= =>)
,Oncotic pressure - CORRECT ANSWERS FORCE EXERTED BY ALBUMIN
pulls fluid INTO capillaries
=)=> <=(=
Solutes - CORRECT ANSWERS encourage osmosis and attract H2O
Albumin - CORRECT ANSWERS maintains intravascular oncotic pressure & attracts H2O
Osmolarity - CORRECT ANSWERS number of osmoles of solute per liter of solution
-dependent on number of particles suspended in solution
-more solutes = higher osmolality
Tonicity - CORRECT ANSWERS osmotic pressure gradient between 2 solutes compared to
bloodstream
*Fluid homeostasis - CORRECT ANSWERS -osmoreceptors
-hypothalamus (thirst)
-RAAS (Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System)
-ADH
Low fluid volume - CORRECT ANSWERS -osmorecepters activate thirst
, -ADH decreases urine output
-renin retains water and Na
High fluid volume - CORRECT ANSWERS -increased urine output
-increased edema (& low oncotic pressure)
*Fluid shifts - CORRECT ANSWERS -excess fluid volume (edema)
-protein starvation (low albumin/nutrient deficient)
-third space fluid (pericardium)
-pitting edema
Hypovolemia - CORRECT ANSWERS dec. blood volume
Hypervolemia - CORRECT ANSWERS inc. blood volume
Elevated Na & Glucose - CORRECT ANSWERS dehydration, hypotension, tachycardia
5 most important ions - CORRECT ANSWERS Na+ (sodium)
K+ (potassium)
Ca++ (calcium)
PO4- (phosphorus)
Mg++ (magnesium)
Questions & Answers | 100% Verified
solutions |Questions with CORRECT
ANSWERS 2025 latest update!!
Fluids consist of - CORRECT ANSWERS water, electrolytes, minerals
Intracellular fluids (ICF) - CORRECT ANSWERS fluid inside the cell
Extracellular fluids (ECF) - CORRECT ANSWERS fluids outside the cell
Interstitial fluid - CORRECT ANSWERS fluid between cells and between cell capillaries
Diffusion - CORRECT ANSWERS passive; high to low concentration
Osmosis - CORRECT ANSWERS water diffusion
Facilitated transport - CORRECT ANSWERS molecule helps pull into cell (insulin helps glucose
into cell)
Active transport - CORRECT ANSWERS requires energy (Na/K pump)
Hydrostatic pressure - CORRECT ANSWERS exerted by fluids on capillary walls
(<= =>)
,Oncotic pressure - CORRECT ANSWERS FORCE EXERTED BY ALBUMIN
pulls fluid INTO capillaries
=)=> <=(=
Solutes - CORRECT ANSWERS encourage osmosis and attract H2O
Albumin - CORRECT ANSWERS maintains intravascular oncotic pressure & attracts H2O
Osmolarity - CORRECT ANSWERS number of osmoles of solute per liter of solution
-dependent on number of particles suspended in solution
-more solutes = higher osmolality
Tonicity - CORRECT ANSWERS osmotic pressure gradient between 2 solutes compared to
bloodstream
*Fluid homeostasis - CORRECT ANSWERS -osmoreceptors
-hypothalamus (thirst)
-RAAS (Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System)
-ADH
Low fluid volume - CORRECT ANSWERS -osmorecepters activate thirst
, -ADH decreases urine output
-renin retains water and Na
High fluid volume - CORRECT ANSWERS -increased urine output
-increased edema (& low oncotic pressure)
*Fluid shifts - CORRECT ANSWERS -excess fluid volume (edema)
-protein starvation (low albumin/nutrient deficient)
-third space fluid (pericardium)
-pitting edema
Hypovolemia - CORRECT ANSWERS dec. blood volume
Hypervolemia - CORRECT ANSWERS inc. blood volume
Elevated Na & Glucose - CORRECT ANSWERS dehydration, hypotension, tachycardia
5 most important ions - CORRECT ANSWERS Na+ (sodium)
K+ (potassium)
Ca++ (calcium)
PO4- (phosphorus)
Mg++ (magnesium)
