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UCSB EEMB 2 Final Exam Questions with
Detailed Verified Answers
Evolution Ans: the process by which different kinds of living organisms are thought
to have developed and diversified from earlier forms during the history of the earth
Lamarck Ans: -invertebrate zoology
-first comprehensive theory of evolution - use/disuse model (giraffes)
-inheritance of acquired characteristics
-importance of environments
Lyell Ans: "Principles of Geology"
-countless small changes occurring over vast periods of time, all according to known
natural laws
-earth is ancient and develops slowly
Malthus Ans: -pop growth will always overtake the food supply
Cuvier Ans: comparative anatomy and extinction
Hardy-Weinberg principle Ans: -Allele and genotype frequencies in a population will
remain constant from gen to gen in the absence of other evolutionary influences
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To remain at H-W equilibrium Ans: 1. large breeding pop
2. random mating
3. no change in allele freq due to mutation
4. no immigration or emigration
5. no natural selection
general equation to calculate individual allele frequencies in a two-allele system (H-
W) Ans: freqB = p = (2N[BB] + N[Bb])/2N
*Bb will never be greater than 50%
Effective population size Ans: size of population that can mate
Extinction vortex Ans: mutual reinforcement occurs among biotic + abiotic
processes that drives a population to extinction
Gene flow Ans: transfer of genetic variation from one pop to another
mutational metdown Ans: accumulation of harmful mutations in a small pop -->
loss of fitness + decline in pop size
-caused by genetic drift
negative/positive assortative mating Ans: neg: avoid mating with similar individuals
pos: opposite ^
UCSB EEMB 2 Final Exam Questions with
Detailed Verified Answers
Evolution Ans: the process by which different kinds of living organisms are thought
to have developed and diversified from earlier forms during the history of the earth
Lamarck Ans: -invertebrate zoology
-first comprehensive theory of evolution - use/disuse model (giraffes)
-inheritance of acquired characteristics
-importance of environments
Lyell Ans: "Principles of Geology"
-countless small changes occurring over vast periods of time, all according to known
natural laws
-earth is ancient and develops slowly
Malthus Ans: -pop growth will always overtake the food supply
Cuvier Ans: comparative anatomy and extinction
Hardy-Weinberg principle Ans: -Allele and genotype frequencies in a population will
remain constant from gen to gen in the absence of other evolutionary influences
, Page | 2
To remain at H-W equilibrium Ans: 1. large breeding pop
2. random mating
3. no change in allele freq due to mutation
4. no immigration or emigration
5. no natural selection
general equation to calculate individual allele frequencies in a two-allele system (H-
W) Ans: freqB = p = (2N[BB] + N[Bb])/2N
*Bb will never be greater than 50%
Effective population size Ans: size of population that can mate
Extinction vortex Ans: mutual reinforcement occurs among biotic + abiotic
processes that drives a population to extinction
Gene flow Ans: transfer of genetic variation from one pop to another
mutational metdown Ans: accumulation of harmful mutations in a small pop -->
loss of fitness + decline in pop size
-caused by genetic drift
negative/positive assortative mating Ans: neg: avoid mating with similar individuals
pos: opposite ^
