Legal English exam
Treaty: a legally binding formal agreement, contract, or other written instrument that
establishes obligations between two or more subjects of international law ( primarily states
and international organizations ) with an aim and is ratified.
EU internal market: no import taxes. It creates a ‘ helping each other out’ aspect. A single
market in which the free movement of goods, services, capital and persons is assured, and in
which citizens are free to live, work, study and do business.
Free movement of persons: travel to other states, do an exchange, move to other states,...
without restrictions.
Exclusive competences of the EU: areas in which the EU alone is able to legislate and adopt
binding acts. Member States are able to do so themselves only if given the powers by the EU to
implement these acts.
- Customs Union.
- The establishing of competition rules necessary for the functioning of the internal
market.
- Monetary policy for euro-area countries.
- Conservation of marine biological resources under the common fisheries policy.
- Common commercial policy.
Shared competences: the EU and its Member States are able to legislate and adopt legally
binding acts. Member States exercise their own competence where the EU does not exercise,
or has decided not to exercise, its own competence.
- Internal market.
- Social policy (but only for aspects specifically defined in the treaty).
- Economic, social and territorial cohesion (regional policy).
- Agriculture and fisheries (except conservation of marine biological resources).
- Environment.
- Consumer protection.
- Transport.
- Trans-European networks.
- Energy.
- Area of freedom, security and justice.
- Common safety concerns in public health matters (limited to the aspects defined in the
TFEU).
- Research, technological development and space.
- Development cooperation and humanitarian aid.
Supporting competences: EU can only intervene to support, coordinate or complement the
action of its Member States. Legally binding EU acts must not require the harmonisation of the
laws or regulations of the Member States.
- Protection and improvement of human health.
- Industry.
- Culture.
- Tourism.
- Education, vocational training, youth and sport.
- Civil protection.
- Administrative cooperation.
CJEU: interprets EU law to make sure it is applied in the same way in all EU countries, and
settles legal disputes between national governments and EU institutions -> 2 rooms: court of
justice and general court.
Treaty: a legally binding formal agreement, contract, or other written instrument that
establishes obligations between two or more subjects of international law ( primarily states
and international organizations ) with an aim and is ratified.
EU internal market: no import taxes. It creates a ‘ helping each other out’ aspect. A single
market in which the free movement of goods, services, capital and persons is assured, and in
which citizens are free to live, work, study and do business.
Free movement of persons: travel to other states, do an exchange, move to other states,...
without restrictions.
Exclusive competences of the EU: areas in which the EU alone is able to legislate and adopt
binding acts. Member States are able to do so themselves only if given the powers by the EU to
implement these acts.
- Customs Union.
- The establishing of competition rules necessary for the functioning of the internal
market.
- Monetary policy for euro-area countries.
- Conservation of marine biological resources under the common fisheries policy.
- Common commercial policy.
Shared competences: the EU and its Member States are able to legislate and adopt legally
binding acts. Member States exercise their own competence where the EU does not exercise,
or has decided not to exercise, its own competence.
- Internal market.
- Social policy (but only for aspects specifically defined in the treaty).
- Economic, social and territorial cohesion (regional policy).
- Agriculture and fisheries (except conservation of marine biological resources).
- Environment.
- Consumer protection.
- Transport.
- Trans-European networks.
- Energy.
- Area of freedom, security and justice.
- Common safety concerns in public health matters (limited to the aspects defined in the
TFEU).
- Research, technological development and space.
- Development cooperation and humanitarian aid.
Supporting competences: EU can only intervene to support, coordinate or complement the
action of its Member States. Legally binding EU acts must not require the harmonisation of the
laws or regulations of the Member States.
- Protection and improvement of human health.
- Industry.
- Culture.
- Tourism.
- Education, vocational training, youth and sport.
- Civil protection.
- Administrative cooperation.
CJEU: interprets EU law to make sure it is applied in the same way in all EU countries, and
settles legal disputes between national governments and EU institutions -> 2 rooms: court of
justice and general court.
