Nail Physiology- Nail Technician Exam UPDATED ACTUAL Questions and
CORRECT Answers
1. Onyx Technical name for the nail
2. Onychology The study of the growth and structure of the nail
3. Free Edge Part of the nail plate that extends over the finger or toe for protection
4. Onychodermal Glassy, gray band where the nail plate meets the hyponichium
Band
5. Hyponichium Skin under the free edge that prevents bacteria from reaching the nail bed
6. Nail Plate Made of multiple hardened keratin layers, visible from nail root to free edge,
contains no blood vessels or nerves (i.e. nail body)
7. Nail Wall Skin folds on both sides of the nail groove
8. Lunula Whitish, half-moon shape at nail base, visible part of the nail matrix
9. Eponychium Living skin at the nail base covering the matrix, protects matrix from infection
10. Cuticle Dead tissue attached to the nail plate, acts as a seal around the nail
11. Matrix Active tissue that generates nail plate cells
12. Nail Root Attached to the matrix under the skin found inside the mantle
13. Mantle Pocket-like structure that holds the nail root and matrix
14. Nail Bed What the nail plate rests on, holds blood vessels and nerves that nourish the entire
nail unit
15. Nail Folds Folds of skin that surround the nail plate (i.e. grooves)
16. Perionychium Skin that touches, overlaps, and surrounds the nail sides
, 17. Bed Epithelium
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CORRECT Answers
1. Onyx Technical name for the nail
2. Onychology The study of the growth and structure of the nail
3. Free Edge Part of the nail plate that extends over the finger or toe for protection
4. Onychodermal Glassy, gray band where the nail plate meets the hyponichium
Band
5. Hyponichium Skin under the free edge that prevents bacteria from reaching the nail bed
6. Nail Plate Made of multiple hardened keratin layers, visible from nail root to free edge,
contains no blood vessels or nerves (i.e. nail body)
7. Nail Wall Skin folds on both sides of the nail groove
8. Lunula Whitish, half-moon shape at nail base, visible part of the nail matrix
9. Eponychium Living skin at the nail base covering the matrix, protects matrix from infection
10. Cuticle Dead tissue attached to the nail plate, acts as a seal around the nail
11. Matrix Active tissue that generates nail plate cells
12. Nail Root Attached to the matrix under the skin found inside the mantle
13. Mantle Pocket-like structure that holds the nail root and matrix
14. Nail Bed What the nail plate rests on, holds blood vessels and nerves that nourish the entire
nail unit
15. Nail Folds Folds of skin that surround the nail plate (i.e. grooves)
16. Perionychium Skin that touches, overlaps, and surrounds the nail sides
, 17. Bed Epithelium
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