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ISYE 6501 Midterm Exam (2025/2026):
Progressive Assessment with QUESTIONS
AND WELL VERIFIED -ANSWER--S
REAL 2025
Stationary process ......-ANSWER--.....Process whose joint
probability distribution and statistical properties (mean, variance,
autocorrelation, etc.) do not vary with time. Examples include data
with trends or cycles.
Steady state ......-ANSWER--.....In a Markov chain, having the same
probability distribution of being in each state, before and after a
transition.
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Step size ......-ANSWER--.....Distance to move in an improving
direction, to get to a new solution given a current solution and an
improving direction.
Stepwise regression ......-ANSWER--.....Variable selection process
that can combine forward selection and backward regression.
Stochastic dynamic program ......-ANSWER--.....Dynamic program
where the outcome of one or more decisions is determined
according to probabilities.
Stochastic optimization ......-ANSWER--.....An optimization model
that accounts for randomness or uncertainty.
Stochastic simulation ......-ANSWER--.....Simulation that includes
randomness/uncertainty, so results can be different each run.
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Structured data ......-ANSWER--.....Data that is highly organized, so
it can be searched, queried, and analyzed easily - for example, a
table with the name, age, and country of participants in this
course.
Sum-of-squared errors ......-ANSWER--.....Sum of the squares of all
the differences between data and model output. In regression, this
is a measure of variance.
Supervised learning ......-ANSWER--.....Machine learning where the
"correct" -ANSWER-- is known for each data point in the training
set.
Support vector ......-ANSWER--.....In SVM models, the closest point
to the classifier, among those in a category.
Support vector machine (SVM) ......-ANSWER--.....Classification
algorithm that uses a boundary to separate the data into two or
more categories ("classes").
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SVM ......-ANSWER--.....Support vector machine.
Tail(s) ......-ANSWER--.....Highest and lowest-value parts of a
distribution.
Test data/test set ......-ANSWER--.....Portion of the data used to
assess the effectiveness of a model once built.
Threshold ......-ANSWER--.....A value that denotes the difference
between something happening or not happening.
Time series data ......-ANSWER--.....Data that records the same
attribute/response at multiple points in time (often at equal time
intervals).
Training data/training set ......-ANSWER--.....Portion of the data to
build/fit a model. Normally, most of the data is used for training.
ISYE 6501 Midterm Exam (2025/2026):
Progressive Assessment with QUESTIONS
AND WELL VERIFIED -ANSWER--S
REAL 2025
Stationary process ......-ANSWER--.....Process whose joint
probability distribution and statistical properties (mean, variance,
autocorrelation, etc.) do not vary with time. Examples include data
with trends or cycles.
Steady state ......-ANSWER--.....In a Markov chain, having the same
probability distribution of being in each state, before and after a
transition.
,2|Page
Step size ......-ANSWER--.....Distance to move in an improving
direction, to get to a new solution given a current solution and an
improving direction.
Stepwise regression ......-ANSWER--.....Variable selection process
that can combine forward selection and backward regression.
Stochastic dynamic program ......-ANSWER--.....Dynamic program
where the outcome of one or more decisions is determined
according to probabilities.
Stochastic optimization ......-ANSWER--.....An optimization model
that accounts for randomness or uncertainty.
Stochastic simulation ......-ANSWER--.....Simulation that includes
randomness/uncertainty, so results can be different each run.
,3|Page
Structured data ......-ANSWER--.....Data that is highly organized, so
it can be searched, queried, and analyzed easily - for example, a
table with the name, age, and country of participants in this
course.
Sum-of-squared errors ......-ANSWER--.....Sum of the squares of all
the differences between data and model output. In regression, this
is a measure of variance.
Supervised learning ......-ANSWER--.....Machine learning where the
"correct" -ANSWER-- is known for each data point in the training
set.
Support vector ......-ANSWER--.....In SVM models, the closest point
to the classifier, among those in a category.
Support vector machine (SVM) ......-ANSWER--.....Classification
algorithm that uses a boundary to separate the data into two or
more categories ("classes").
, 4|Page
SVM ......-ANSWER--.....Support vector machine.
Tail(s) ......-ANSWER--.....Highest and lowest-value parts of a
distribution.
Test data/test set ......-ANSWER--.....Portion of the data used to
assess the effectiveness of a model once built.
Threshold ......-ANSWER--.....A value that denotes the difference
between something happening or not happening.
Time series data ......-ANSWER--.....Data that records the same
attribute/response at multiple points in time (often at equal time
intervals).
Training data/training set ......-ANSWER--.....Portion of the data to
build/fit a model. Normally, most of the data is used for training.
