NRSG 2350 Exam 3 Review exam fully solved &
updated 2025-2026(latest version verified for
accuracy)
Atelectasis - answer--● complete or partial collapse of the lung
alveoli within the lung deflate or poorly filled with fluid.
● most common after surgery due to anesthesia
Pulmonary embolism - answer--● Blocking of a pulmonary artery due to
a blood clot
DVT is a risk for PE
● Manifestations: SOB, hypoxia, hemoptysis, pleuritic CP, and elevated
rr
● Treatment: thrombolytics, anticoag w heparin, coumadin, O2
● Diagnosis: only tells that theres a clot, not location
lower extremity ultrasound and CT angiogram
Emphysema - answer--● a condition in which the air sacs of the lungs
are damaged and enlarged, causing breathlessness.
● Signs: dyspnea on exertion, late dyspnea at rest
tachycardia, prolonged expiration, barrel chet, purse lips
,chronic bronchitis - answer--● Condition where irritation of airways
occurs
- major and small
- increased number of mucous cells
- mucus hypersecretion
● Mostly men, productive cough, present for years and gets worse
- diagnosis requires history of chronic cough thats lasted for at least
three months for two years
pneumonia - answer--● Condition where inflammation of the lung
structures occurs
- bacteria and virus
● Symptoms --> fever, cough, chills, SOB, chest pain, fatigue
● Diagnosis chest x-ray and leukocytosis
- community acquired or HAI
- treated via o2, fluids, antipyretics and antibiotics
Asthma - answer--● reversible airway obstruction
- can be caused by exposure to allergens
● Symptoms : wheeze, SOB, chest tightness
● Diagnosis: PTFS
, ● Treatment : sympathomimetics, bronchodilators, corticosteroids,
mast cell inhibitors, reduce exposures, o2
BUN - answer--blood urea nitrogen: measures amount of urea nitrogen
in blood, used to access kidney function
COPD (Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease) - answer--● treatable,
not reversible
● Condition where chronic obstruction of airways occurs
- leads to loss of alveolar tissue and lung fibers
● Emphysema --> damage to alveoli
● Bronchitis --> inflammation/ mucus airway
●RISK: smoking, coal, dust
●Pathophysiology: tissue destruction, diminished air flow, air trapping>
TREAT- smoking cessatiohyperinflammationn, o2, bronchodilators,
anticholinergics, steroids, antibiotics
Creatinine - answer--nitrogenous waste excreted in the urine, assesses
kidney function
pyelonephritis - answer--inflammation of the renal pelvis and the
kidney (UTI)
updated 2025-2026(latest version verified for
accuracy)
Atelectasis - answer--● complete or partial collapse of the lung
alveoli within the lung deflate or poorly filled with fluid.
● most common after surgery due to anesthesia
Pulmonary embolism - answer--● Blocking of a pulmonary artery due to
a blood clot
DVT is a risk for PE
● Manifestations: SOB, hypoxia, hemoptysis, pleuritic CP, and elevated
rr
● Treatment: thrombolytics, anticoag w heparin, coumadin, O2
● Diagnosis: only tells that theres a clot, not location
lower extremity ultrasound and CT angiogram
Emphysema - answer--● a condition in which the air sacs of the lungs
are damaged and enlarged, causing breathlessness.
● Signs: dyspnea on exertion, late dyspnea at rest
tachycardia, prolonged expiration, barrel chet, purse lips
,chronic bronchitis - answer--● Condition where irritation of airways
occurs
- major and small
- increased number of mucous cells
- mucus hypersecretion
● Mostly men, productive cough, present for years and gets worse
- diagnosis requires history of chronic cough thats lasted for at least
three months for two years
pneumonia - answer--● Condition where inflammation of the lung
structures occurs
- bacteria and virus
● Symptoms --> fever, cough, chills, SOB, chest pain, fatigue
● Diagnosis chest x-ray and leukocytosis
- community acquired or HAI
- treated via o2, fluids, antipyretics and antibiotics
Asthma - answer--● reversible airway obstruction
- can be caused by exposure to allergens
● Symptoms : wheeze, SOB, chest tightness
● Diagnosis: PTFS
, ● Treatment : sympathomimetics, bronchodilators, corticosteroids,
mast cell inhibitors, reduce exposures, o2
BUN - answer--blood urea nitrogen: measures amount of urea nitrogen
in blood, used to access kidney function
COPD (Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease) - answer--● treatable,
not reversible
● Condition where chronic obstruction of airways occurs
- leads to loss of alveolar tissue and lung fibers
● Emphysema --> damage to alveoli
● Bronchitis --> inflammation/ mucus airway
●RISK: smoking, coal, dust
●Pathophysiology: tissue destruction, diminished air flow, air trapping>
TREAT- smoking cessatiohyperinflammationn, o2, bronchodilators,
anticholinergics, steroids, antibiotics
Creatinine - answer--nitrogenous waste excreted in the urine, assesses
kidney function
pyelonephritis - answer--inflammation of the renal pelvis and the
kidney (UTI)
