CJC 250 Final Exam Questions and All
Correct Answers 2025-2026 Edition.
In ____________ courts, no trials are held, no jurors are employed, and no witnesses are heard.
- Answer Appellate
The first document that establishes the underlying principles and general laws of a nation or
state is: - Answer A constitution
The mental state required for a crime to have been committed is referred to as the actus reus. -
Answer False
The key characteristics of common law include all of the following, EXCEPT: - Answer It's based
on justice
A narrow gap exists between legal theory and how that law is applied. - Answer False
CASE 1.2 Politicians have expressed their outrage at the designer drug problem by enacting
legislation targeting manufacture, sale, and possession that require mandatory minimum
sentences. The police across the country start making arrests based on this new
legislation.Which of the following aspects of the criminal justice process exemplify law on the
books? - Answer Police Mirandize a suspect and obtain a voluntary confession.
CASE 1.1 The creation of designer drugs is outpacing the ability of society to enact laws to
prohibit them. Many of these substances have negative side effects, ranging from violent
behavior to death.Which of the following responses to the problem would best fit the due-
process philosophy? - Answer Dramatic increase in the use of drug courts to divert first-time
offenders and defer prosecution.
A trial by a judge without a jury is called a: - Answer Bench trial
The primary justification for providing constitutional safeguards in the criminal justice process is
to ensure that: - Answer innocent persons are not harassed or wrongly convicted.
After arrest, arrestees are brought before a judge, advised of their rights and the charges
,In every criminal case the prosecution must prove what is known as ____________, a Latin
phrase meaning "body of the crime." - Answer Corpus delicti
The organization of prosecutors in the United States is consistent across the state and federal
criminal justice system. - Answer False
The most influential actor in the courthouse is the: - Answer Prosecutor
According to the due process model, the courts have hindered effective law enforcement. -
Answer False
The three main components of the American criminal justice system are: - Answer Police,
courts, and corrections
Which term refers to the methods of enforcing legal obligations? - Answer Procedural law
A law in action perspective helps us understand the dynamics of courthouse justice. - Answer
True
Courts can be classified according to their function (rather than jurisdiction) as: - Answer trial
and appeals courts.
By and large, criminal defendants are: - Answer young, poor, uneducated, and male.
Around 90 percent of felony convictions result from a: - Answer Plea bargain
The ____________ is the name for the first ten Amendments of the U.S. Constitution. - Answer
Bill of Rights
Proponents of the crime control model believe that the courts' priority should be to protect the
rights of the individual. - Answer False
Coercive police practices are a violation of this essential element of due process. - Answer
,Democratic governments derive their powers from the law. - Answer False
The ____________ of a crime provide the technical definition of a crime. - Answer Elements
Selective incorporation refers to the application of certain provisions of the Bill of Rights to the
states through the Fourteenth Amendment. - Answer True
Which term refers to the protection of rights of the individual? - Answer Due process
The term "____________" refers to the exchange of information prior to trial. - Answer
Discovery
If the grand jury finds probable cause to hold the defendant for trial, it returns a(n): - Answer
True bill
Approximately 2.5 million people work in the criminal justice system. - Answer True
Which of the following is true of grand juries? - Answer They issue an indictment in most
cases.
Which of the following is not an element of a crime? - Answer guilty conscience
To be criminal, an act must be voluntary. - Answer True
Which term refers to the repression of criminal conduct? - Answer Crime control
A court system includes lower courts, major trial courts, __________ appellate courts, and a
court of last resort. - Answer Intermediate
The major trial courts decide felony cases. - Answer True
Which of the following represents a clear disadvantage of localized control of justice? - Answer
Local control has been an incubator of corruption and injustice.
, Most criminal cases do not go to trial. - Answer True
Initial evaluations of early drug courts found favorable rates of success. - Answer True
In states without intermediate appellate courts, state supreme courts: - Answer have no
power to choose which cases will be placed on their dockets.
Intermediate courts of appeals must hear all properly filed appeals. - Answer True
A person cited for a misdemeanor would most likely appear before: - Answer a court of limited
jurisdiction.
For one to be able to appeal a decision made by a state court of last resort to the U.S. Supreme
Court, the case must involve an important question of __________ law. - Answer Federal
In states without intermediate appellate courts, the supreme court has discretion regarding the
cases it hears. - Answer False
Corrupt local officials are often prosecuted by their peers. - Answer False
County courts stood at the heart of American colonial government. - Answer True
In the colonial courts, each colony modified its court system according to what? - Answer Each
colony modified its court system in all of these ways.
One type of problem-solving court is the __________ violence court. - Answer domestic
In states without intermediate appellate courts, state courts of last resort: - Answer must hear
all criminal appeals.
Trial courts of __________ jurisdiction are sometimes referred to as inferior courts or lower
courts. - Answer Limited
Correct Answers 2025-2026 Edition.
In ____________ courts, no trials are held, no jurors are employed, and no witnesses are heard.
- Answer Appellate
The first document that establishes the underlying principles and general laws of a nation or
state is: - Answer A constitution
The mental state required for a crime to have been committed is referred to as the actus reus. -
Answer False
The key characteristics of common law include all of the following, EXCEPT: - Answer It's based
on justice
A narrow gap exists between legal theory and how that law is applied. - Answer False
CASE 1.2 Politicians have expressed their outrage at the designer drug problem by enacting
legislation targeting manufacture, sale, and possession that require mandatory minimum
sentences. The police across the country start making arrests based on this new
legislation.Which of the following aspects of the criminal justice process exemplify law on the
books? - Answer Police Mirandize a suspect and obtain a voluntary confession.
CASE 1.1 The creation of designer drugs is outpacing the ability of society to enact laws to
prohibit them. Many of these substances have negative side effects, ranging from violent
behavior to death.Which of the following responses to the problem would best fit the due-
process philosophy? - Answer Dramatic increase in the use of drug courts to divert first-time
offenders and defer prosecution.
A trial by a judge without a jury is called a: - Answer Bench trial
The primary justification for providing constitutional safeguards in the criminal justice process is
to ensure that: - Answer innocent persons are not harassed or wrongly convicted.
After arrest, arrestees are brought before a judge, advised of their rights and the charges
,In every criminal case the prosecution must prove what is known as ____________, a Latin
phrase meaning "body of the crime." - Answer Corpus delicti
The organization of prosecutors in the United States is consistent across the state and federal
criminal justice system. - Answer False
The most influential actor in the courthouse is the: - Answer Prosecutor
According to the due process model, the courts have hindered effective law enforcement. -
Answer False
The three main components of the American criminal justice system are: - Answer Police,
courts, and corrections
Which term refers to the methods of enforcing legal obligations? - Answer Procedural law
A law in action perspective helps us understand the dynamics of courthouse justice. - Answer
True
Courts can be classified according to their function (rather than jurisdiction) as: - Answer trial
and appeals courts.
By and large, criminal defendants are: - Answer young, poor, uneducated, and male.
Around 90 percent of felony convictions result from a: - Answer Plea bargain
The ____________ is the name for the first ten Amendments of the U.S. Constitution. - Answer
Bill of Rights
Proponents of the crime control model believe that the courts' priority should be to protect the
rights of the individual. - Answer False
Coercive police practices are a violation of this essential element of due process. - Answer
,Democratic governments derive their powers from the law. - Answer False
The ____________ of a crime provide the technical definition of a crime. - Answer Elements
Selective incorporation refers to the application of certain provisions of the Bill of Rights to the
states through the Fourteenth Amendment. - Answer True
Which term refers to the protection of rights of the individual? - Answer Due process
The term "____________" refers to the exchange of information prior to trial. - Answer
Discovery
If the grand jury finds probable cause to hold the defendant for trial, it returns a(n): - Answer
True bill
Approximately 2.5 million people work in the criminal justice system. - Answer True
Which of the following is true of grand juries? - Answer They issue an indictment in most
cases.
Which of the following is not an element of a crime? - Answer guilty conscience
To be criminal, an act must be voluntary. - Answer True
Which term refers to the repression of criminal conduct? - Answer Crime control
A court system includes lower courts, major trial courts, __________ appellate courts, and a
court of last resort. - Answer Intermediate
The major trial courts decide felony cases. - Answer True
Which of the following represents a clear disadvantage of localized control of justice? - Answer
Local control has been an incubator of corruption and injustice.
, Most criminal cases do not go to trial. - Answer True
Initial evaluations of early drug courts found favorable rates of success. - Answer True
In states without intermediate appellate courts, state supreme courts: - Answer have no
power to choose which cases will be placed on their dockets.
Intermediate courts of appeals must hear all properly filed appeals. - Answer True
A person cited for a misdemeanor would most likely appear before: - Answer a court of limited
jurisdiction.
For one to be able to appeal a decision made by a state court of last resort to the U.S. Supreme
Court, the case must involve an important question of __________ law. - Answer Federal
In states without intermediate appellate courts, the supreme court has discretion regarding the
cases it hears. - Answer False
Corrupt local officials are often prosecuted by their peers. - Answer False
County courts stood at the heart of American colonial government. - Answer True
In the colonial courts, each colony modified its court system according to what? - Answer Each
colony modified its court system in all of these ways.
One type of problem-solving court is the __________ violence court. - Answer domestic
In states without intermediate appellate courts, state courts of last resort: - Answer must hear
all criminal appeals.
Trial courts of __________ jurisdiction are sometimes referred to as inferior courts or lower
courts. - Answer Limited
