Higher Human Biology Unit 1
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Catalyst ANS - A substance that speeds up the rate of a chemical reaction.
Enzyme ANS - Protein that acts as a biological catalyst.
Biochemical Pathways ANS - Organized sequence of chemical reactions.
Metabolism ANS - The organic processes (in a cell or organism) that are necessary for life.
Active Site ANS - The area of an enzyme where the catalysed reaction occurs.
Substrate ANS - The specific substance that an enzyme acts upon.
Denatured ANS - loss of an enzyme's normal shape so that it no longer functions; caused by a less than
optimal pH and temperature.
Competitive Inhibitor ANS - An enzyme inhibitor that competes with substrate for binding at the active
site of the enzyme. Success depends on concentration.
Noncompetitive Inhibitor ANS - A substance that reduces the activity of an enzyme by binding to a
location remote from the active site, changing its conformation so that it no longer binds to the
substrate.
Co-enzyme ANS - A chemical that works with an enzyme (e.g. NAD).
Peptide Bonds ANS - The bonds connecting amino acids together to form polypeptide chains.
, Primary Structure ANS - The first level of protein structure; the specific sequence of amino acids making
up a polypeptide chain.
Secondary Structure ANS - The second level of protein structure; the regular local patterns of coils or
folds of a polypeptide chain.
Tertiary Structure ANS - The third level of protein structure; the overall, three-dimensional shape of a
polypeptide due to interactions of the amino acids making up the chain.
Striated Muscle ANS - A muscle that appears banded; also called skeletal muscle.
Actin ANS - Thin filament in muscle.
Myosin ANS - Thick filament in muscle.
Sliding Filament Theory ANS - Theory which says that the myofilaments do not become any shorter
during contraction and instead slide over each other.
DNA ANS - Deoxyribonucleic acid.
Nucleotides ANS - Basic units of DNA molecule, composed of deoxyribose sugar, a phosphate, and one
of 4 DNA bases.
Sugar-phosphate Backbone ANS - The alternating chain of sugar and phosphate to which the DNA and
RNA bases are attached.
Hydrogen Bonds ANS - Weak chemical bonds that hold bases together.
Base Pairing ANS - Principle that bonds in DNA can form only between adenine and thymine and
between guanine and cytosine.
questions with correct answers rated
100% correct.
Catalyst ANS - A substance that speeds up the rate of a chemical reaction.
Enzyme ANS - Protein that acts as a biological catalyst.
Biochemical Pathways ANS - Organized sequence of chemical reactions.
Metabolism ANS - The organic processes (in a cell or organism) that are necessary for life.
Active Site ANS - The area of an enzyme where the catalysed reaction occurs.
Substrate ANS - The specific substance that an enzyme acts upon.
Denatured ANS - loss of an enzyme's normal shape so that it no longer functions; caused by a less than
optimal pH and temperature.
Competitive Inhibitor ANS - An enzyme inhibitor that competes with substrate for binding at the active
site of the enzyme. Success depends on concentration.
Noncompetitive Inhibitor ANS - A substance that reduces the activity of an enzyme by binding to a
location remote from the active site, changing its conformation so that it no longer binds to the
substrate.
Co-enzyme ANS - A chemical that works with an enzyme (e.g. NAD).
Peptide Bonds ANS - The bonds connecting amino acids together to form polypeptide chains.
, Primary Structure ANS - The first level of protein structure; the specific sequence of amino acids making
up a polypeptide chain.
Secondary Structure ANS - The second level of protein structure; the regular local patterns of coils or
folds of a polypeptide chain.
Tertiary Structure ANS - The third level of protein structure; the overall, three-dimensional shape of a
polypeptide due to interactions of the amino acids making up the chain.
Striated Muscle ANS - A muscle that appears banded; also called skeletal muscle.
Actin ANS - Thin filament in muscle.
Myosin ANS - Thick filament in muscle.
Sliding Filament Theory ANS - Theory which says that the myofilaments do not become any shorter
during contraction and instead slide over each other.
DNA ANS - Deoxyribonucleic acid.
Nucleotides ANS - Basic units of DNA molecule, composed of deoxyribose sugar, a phosphate, and one
of 4 DNA bases.
Sugar-phosphate Backbone ANS - The alternating chain of sugar and phosphate to which the DNA and
RNA bases are attached.
Hydrogen Bonds ANS - Weak chemical bonds that hold bases together.
Base Pairing ANS - Principle that bonds in DNA can form only between adenine and thymine and
between guanine and cytosine.
