Key Concepts in Gynecology and Reproductive Health Exam
With complete solution–Expert Verified | Latest Questions
2025
PID - Pelvic inflammatory disease, often causing infertility.
IUD - Intrauterine device, increases PID risk.
Laparoscopy - Gold standard for diagnosing PID.
Chlamydia - Causes yellow cervix discharge, more common than gonorrhea.
Long-term sequelae of PID - Includes infertility, ectopic pregnancy, chronic pain.
Tubo-ovarian abscess - Adnexal mass associated with PID.
Sonography - First-line diagnostic imaging for pelvic issues.
Antibiotics for PID - Treatment includes antibiotics targeting anaerobes.
Endometriosis - Pelvic pain worsens with menstruation.
Chronic pelvic pain syndrome - Idiopathic somatic symptom disorder of pelvis.
NSAIDs - First-line treatment for chronic pelvic pain.
Adenomyosis - Painful, uniformly enlarged boggy uterus.
Hysterectomy with BSO - Refractory endometriosis treatment option.
Primary dysmenorrhea - Menstrual pain starting with first period.
Prostaglandin F2 - Elevated in primary dysmenorrhea, causes contractions.
Bacterial vaginosis - Fishy odor, white discharge, caused by Gardnerella.
KOH whiff test - Positive in bacterial vaginosis and trichomonas.
Candida infection - Thick, cheesy discharge, acidic pH <4.5.
Trichomonas - Anaerobic protozoa causing vaginitis.
Metronidazole - Treatment for bacterial vaginosis and trichomonas.
, Syphilis serology - Includes RPR or VDRL tests.
Neurosyphilis diagnosis - Requires lumbar puncture for confirmation.
Chancroid - Painful ulcer with ragged edges, caused by H. ducreyi.
Granuloma inguinale - Painless ulcers with Donovan bodies.
E. coli - Most common cause of urinary tract infections.
Asymptomatic bacteriuria - Treated prophylactically in pregnant women.
Pyelonephritis treatment - Ceftriaxone used for pregnant patients.
Lymphogranuloma venereum - Caused by Chlamydia trachomatis, presents with ulcers.
Granuloma inguinale - Klebsiella infection causing painless inguinal ulcers.
Donovan bodies - Intracellular inclusions in macrophages, indicative of granuloma.
Reinfection in syphilis - Syphilis titers may rise again after treatment.
Neurosyphilis - Considered if RPR titers do not fall post-treatment.
Cystitis treatment - TMP-SMX, Nitrofurantoin, Fluoroquinolones for E. coli.
Sterile pyuria - Presence of white blood cells without infection.
Urethral syndrome - Negative cultures with dysuria, idiopathic condition.
Cystitis triad - Dysuria, urgency, and frequency of urination.
Gross hematuria - Blood in urine, may indicate nephrolithiasis.
Renal cell carcinoma - Older patients with painless gross hematuria risk.
Asymptomatic bacteriuria - Pregnant women should be treated prophylactically.
Pyelonephritis treatment - Ceftriaxone for pregnant women with pyelonephritis.
Nitrofurantoin prophylaxis - Recommended for pregnant women post-pyelonephritis
stabilization.
Teratogenic antibiotics - Certain antibiotics pose risks during pregnancy.
Leiomyoma - Non-tender, irregular mass in the uterus.
With complete solution–Expert Verified | Latest Questions
2025
PID - Pelvic inflammatory disease, often causing infertility.
IUD - Intrauterine device, increases PID risk.
Laparoscopy - Gold standard for diagnosing PID.
Chlamydia - Causes yellow cervix discharge, more common than gonorrhea.
Long-term sequelae of PID - Includes infertility, ectopic pregnancy, chronic pain.
Tubo-ovarian abscess - Adnexal mass associated with PID.
Sonography - First-line diagnostic imaging for pelvic issues.
Antibiotics for PID - Treatment includes antibiotics targeting anaerobes.
Endometriosis - Pelvic pain worsens with menstruation.
Chronic pelvic pain syndrome - Idiopathic somatic symptom disorder of pelvis.
NSAIDs - First-line treatment for chronic pelvic pain.
Adenomyosis - Painful, uniformly enlarged boggy uterus.
Hysterectomy with BSO - Refractory endometriosis treatment option.
Primary dysmenorrhea - Menstrual pain starting with first period.
Prostaglandin F2 - Elevated in primary dysmenorrhea, causes contractions.
Bacterial vaginosis - Fishy odor, white discharge, caused by Gardnerella.
KOH whiff test - Positive in bacterial vaginosis and trichomonas.
Candida infection - Thick, cheesy discharge, acidic pH <4.5.
Trichomonas - Anaerobic protozoa causing vaginitis.
Metronidazole - Treatment for bacterial vaginosis and trichomonas.
, Syphilis serology - Includes RPR or VDRL tests.
Neurosyphilis diagnosis - Requires lumbar puncture for confirmation.
Chancroid - Painful ulcer with ragged edges, caused by H. ducreyi.
Granuloma inguinale - Painless ulcers with Donovan bodies.
E. coli - Most common cause of urinary tract infections.
Asymptomatic bacteriuria - Treated prophylactically in pregnant women.
Pyelonephritis treatment - Ceftriaxone used for pregnant patients.
Lymphogranuloma venereum - Caused by Chlamydia trachomatis, presents with ulcers.
Granuloma inguinale - Klebsiella infection causing painless inguinal ulcers.
Donovan bodies - Intracellular inclusions in macrophages, indicative of granuloma.
Reinfection in syphilis - Syphilis titers may rise again after treatment.
Neurosyphilis - Considered if RPR titers do not fall post-treatment.
Cystitis treatment - TMP-SMX, Nitrofurantoin, Fluoroquinolones for E. coli.
Sterile pyuria - Presence of white blood cells without infection.
Urethral syndrome - Negative cultures with dysuria, idiopathic condition.
Cystitis triad - Dysuria, urgency, and frequency of urination.
Gross hematuria - Blood in urine, may indicate nephrolithiasis.
Renal cell carcinoma - Older patients with painless gross hematuria risk.
Asymptomatic bacteriuria - Pregnant women should be treated prophylactically.
Pyelonephritis treatment - Ceftriaxone for pregnant women with pyelonephritis.
Nitrofurantoin prophylaxis - Recommended for pregnant women post-pyelonephritis
stabilization.
Teratogenic antibiotics - Certain antibiotics pose risks during pregnancy.
Leiomyoma - Non-tender, irregular mass in the uterus.
