GERIATRIC NURSING FINAL EXAM
QUESTIONS & ANSWERS|| 2025
LATEST UPDATE|| VERIFIED A+
Are there any racial and cultural disparities in vision? - ANSWERyes they are
significant.
What are the causes of glaucoma? - ANSWERthe causes are often unknown and
variable.
What happens when someone has glaucoma? - ANSWERNatural fluid of the eyes are
blocked by ciliary muscle rigidity; pressure builds, and damage to the optic nerve
occurs.
What is the most common of glaucoma? - ANSWERit is most common to occur in one
eye. although bilateral glaucoma can also occur.
How often should adults older than 65 years of age get an eye exam? -
ANSWERannually.
How often should those with medication-controlled glaucoma be examined? -
ANSWERevery 6 months.
What does management of glaucoma require? - ANSWERoral or topical eye drops that
lowers eye pressure. laser surgical treatments may be recommended.
What when someone has cataracts? - ANSWERthere is oxidation damage to the lens
protein and fatty deposits in the ocular lens.
What does cataracts look like? - ANSWERcloudiness of the ocular lens; red reflex may
be absent or appear black.
What are the most common causes of cataracts? - ANSWERheredity and advancing
age.
What are some risk factors for cataracts? - ANSWERexposure to excessive sunlight,
poor diet. hypertension, kidney disease, eye trauma, and history of alcohol and tobacco
use.
What can lower the risk of cataracts in women? - ANSWERan increase of yellow and
dark leafy vegetables in the diet. Vitamin E from foods and supplements.
,What happens to the colors of vision in someone with cataracts? - ANSWERcolors are
distorted and vision is blurred.
What is the most common treatment of cataracts? - ANSWERSurgery. it is
recommended when vision decreases to 20/50 or when it affects safety or quality of life.
What are some nursing interventions for cataracts? - ANSWERTeaching, avoid heavy
lifting, straining or bending at the waist. Administer eye drops to aid the healing process
and to prevent infection.
What is the leading cause of blindness? - ANSWERdiabetic retinopathy, a complication
of diabetes.
What happens when someone has diabetic retinopathy? - ANSWERBlood and lipid
leakage leads to macular edema and hard exudates.
What symptoms occur in the early stages? - ANSWERThere are no symptoms in the
early stages.
What are some early signs of funduscopic examinations for diabetic retinopathy? -
ANSWERmicroaneurysms, flame shaped hemorrhages, cotton-wool spots, hard
exudate, and dilated capillaries.
What can reduce the disease progression of diabetic retinopathy? - ANSWERcontrol of
blood glucose, cholesterol, and BP.
What treatment can reduce vision loss? - ANSWERlaser treatment.
how often are examinations of the eye recommended? - ANSWERannual dilated
funduscopic exams are recommended 5 years after first diagnosis.
What is the leading cause of vision loss in americans who are 60 years of age and
older. - ANSWERmacular degeneration. the prevalence increases with age.
What happens when someone has macular degeneration? - ANSWERprogressive loss
of central vision, leaving only peripheral vision in tact.
What are some early signs of macular degeneration? - ANSWERblurred vision, difficulty
reading and writing, increased need for bright light, colors that appear dim and gray,
and an awareness of a blurry spot in the middle of vision.
What is the greatest risk factor for development of macular degeneration? -
ANSWERage.
What are other risk factors of macular degeneration? - ANSWERgenetic predisposition,
smoking, obesity, a family history and excessive sunlight.
, What are the 2 forms of macular degeneration? - ANSWERthe dry form and wet form.
What is used to determine clarity of vision of macular degeneration? - ANSWERamsler
grid.
How does someone get a detached retina? - ANSWERthey get it spontaneously or after
recent cataract surgery or eye trauma.
What happens to someones vision when they have a detached retina? - ANSWERit
looks like a curtain coming down over the line of vision.
What is a detached retina considered? - ANSWERa medical emergency.
What is dry eye? - ANSWERit is not a disease but it is a frequent complaint among
older adults.
What are some causes of dry eye? - ANSWERmedications such as antihistamines,
diuretics, beta blockers, and sleeping pills.
What are some common treatments for dry eye? - ANSWERartificial tears, using home
humidifier and avoiding wind or hair dryers.
What are some interventions to enhance vision? - ANSWERwarm incandescent lighting
increase intensity of lighting
control glare by using shades
use yellow to amber lenses
wear sunglass (block UV)
reading materials large dark print
avoid low contrast colors such as red and orange
What are some low vision assistive devices? - ANSWERfinancial and govt. programs
insulin delivery systems
talking clocks and watches
large print books
magnifiers
telescopes with hand held devices
or attached to eye glasses
electronic magnification
What do vision deficiencies affect? - ANSWERcommunication, functional abilities,
safety, and quality of life.
What are some nursing concerns for vision deficiencies? - ANSWERappropriate
assessments
environmental adaption to enhance vision and safety
QUESTIONS & ANSWERS|| 2025
LATEST UPDATE|| VERIFIED A+
Are there any racial and cultural disparities in vision? - ANSWERyes they are
significant.
What are the causes of glaucoma? - ANSWERthe causes are often unknown and
variable.
What happens when someone has glaucoma? - ANSWERNatural fluid of the eyes are
blocked by ciliary muscle rigidity; pressure builds, and damage to the optic nerve
occurs.
What is the most common of glaucoma? - ANSWERit is most common to occur in one
eye. although bilateral glaucoma can also occur.
How often should adults older than 65 years of age get an eye exam? -
ANSWERannually.
How often should those with medication-controlled glaucoma be examined? -
ANSWERevery 6 months.
What does management of glaucoma require? - ANSWERoral or topical eye drops that
lowers eye pressure. laser surgical treatments may be recommended.
What when someone has cataracts? - ANSWERthere is oxidation damage to the lens
protein and fatty deposits in the ocular lens.
What does cataracts look like? - ANSWERcloudiness of the ocular lens; red reflex may
be absent or appear black.
What are the most common causes of cataracts? - ANSWERheredity and advancing
age.
What are some risk factors for cataracts? - ANSWERexposure to excessive sunlight,
poor diet. hypertension, kidney disease, eye trauma, and history of alcohol and tobacco
use.
What can lower the risk of cataracts in women? - ANSWERan increase of yellow and
dark leafy vegetables in the diet. Vitamin E from foods and supplements.
,What happens to the colors of vision in someone with cataracts? - ANSWERcolors are
distorted and vision is blurred.
What is the most common treatment of cataracts? - ANSWERSurgery. it is
recommended when vision decreases to 20/50 or when it affects safety or quality of life.
What are some nursing interventions for cataracts? - ANSWERTeaching, avoid heavy
lifting, straining or bending at the waist. Administer eye drops to aid the healing process
and to prevent infection.
What is the leading cause of blindness? - ANSWERdiabetic retinopathy, a complication
of diabetes.
What happens when someone has diabetic retinopathy? - ANSWERBlood and lipid
leakage leads to macular edema and hard exudates.
What symptoms occur in the early stages? - ANSWERThere are no symptoms in the
early stages.
What are some early signs of funduscopic examinations for diabetic retinopathy? -
ANSWERmicroaneurysms, flame shaped hemorrhages, cotton-wool spots, hard
exudate, and dilated capillaries.
What can reduce the disease progression of diabetic retinopathy? - ANSWERcontrol of
blood glucose, cholesterol, and BP.
What treatment can reduce vision loss? - ANSWERlaser treatment.
how often are examinations of the eye recommended? - ANSWERannual dilated
funduscopic exams are recommended 5 years after first diagnosis.
What is the leading cause of vision loss in americans who are 60 years of age and
older. - ANSWERmacular degeneration. the prevalence increases with age.
What happens when someone has macular degeneration? - ANSWERprogressive loss
of central vision, leaving only peripheral vision in tact.
What are some early signs of macular degeneration? - ANSWERblurred vision, difficulty
reading and writing, increased need for bright light, colors that appear dim and gray,
and an awareness of a blurry spot in the middle of vision.
What is the greatest risk factor for development of macular degeneration? -
ANSWERage.
What are other risk factors of macular degeneration? - ANSWERgenetic predisposition,
smoking, obesity, a family history and excessive sunlight.
, What are the 2 forms of macular degeneration? - ANSWERthe dry form and wet form.
What is used to determine clarity of vision of macular degeneration? - ANSWERamsler
grid.
How does someone get a detached retina? - ANSWERthey get it spontaneously or after
recent cataract surgery or eye trauma.
What happens to someones vision when they have a detached retina? - ANSWERit
looks like a curtain coming down over the line of vision.
What is a detached retina considered? - ANSWERa medical emergency.
What is dry eye? - ANSWERit is not a disease but it is a frequent complaint among
older adults.
What are some causes of dry eye? - ANSWERmedications such as antihistamines,
diuretics, beta blockers, and sleeping pills.
What are some common treatments for dry eye? - ANSWERartificial tears, using home
humidifier and avoiding wind or hair dryers.
What are some interventions to enhance vision? - ANSWERwarm incandescent lighting
increase intensity of lighting
control glare by using shades
use yellow to amber lenses
wear sunglass (block UV)
reading materials large dark print
avoid low contrast colors such as red and orange
What are some low vision assistive devices? - ANSWERfinancial and govt. programs
insulin delivery systems
talking clocks and watches
large print books
magnifiers
telescopes with hand held devices
or attached to eye glasses
electronic magnification
What do vision deficiencies affect? - ANSWERcommunication, functional abilities,
safety, and quality of life.
What are some nursing concerns for vision deficiencies? - ANSWERappropriate
assessments
environmental adaption to enhance vision and safety
