TEST BANK FOR CONTEMPORARY NURSING ISSUES, TRENDS,
& MANAGEMENT 7TH EDITION BY BARBARA CHERRY, SUSAN
R. JACOB UPDATED VERSION
Chapter 01: The Evolution of Professional Nursing
Cherry & Jacob: Contemporary Nursing: Issues, Trends, and
Management, 7th Edition
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. Clara Barton is known for:
, a. becoming the first black public health nurse. Lillian Wald developed the first nursing service for occupational health.
b. establishing the Henry Street Settlement.
c. founding the American Red Cross. DIF: Comprehension REF: p. 10
d. publicizing the inadequacies of hospital-based nursing schools.
5. What historical event first led to the recognition of the contribution of blacks to nursing?
ANS: C a. Florence Nightingale’s acceptance of black nurses into the first nursing school
The American Red Cross, founded by Clara Barton in 1882, assisted in efforts to continue b. The contributions of black nurses at the Pennsylvania Hospital, the first hospital in
public health nursing. America
c. Mary Seacole’s efforts to care for soldiers during the Crimean War
DIF: Knowledge REF: p. 11
d. The work done by wives of wealthy black nobles who carried food and medicine
2. Students are assigned to write to their state leaders about an issue affecting their community. from house to house during the Middle Ages
One student writes about the need among rural community for greater access to acute care ANS: C
services. Which of the following pieces of legislation should the student use as a reference? Although Nightingale’s school refused Seacole, she was able to make a difference in the
a. Social Security Act Crimean War and later was recognized for her efforts.
b. Hill-Burton Act
c. Sheppard-Towner Act DIF: Comprehension REF: pp. 8-9
d. U.S. Civil Service Act
6. World War I contributed to the advancement of health care by:
ANS: B a. increasing the number of private care hospitals and decreasing the role of public
The purpose of the Hill-Burton Act was to provide funding to construct hospitals and to help health services.
states in plan for other health care facilities in accordance with the needs of communities. b. employing a large number of civilians to provide care to returning soldiers through
the Red Cross.
DIF: Knowledge REF: p. 13
c. introducing specialists in nursing such as nurse anesthetists.
d. increasing the number of community health nurses.
3. The practice of public health nursing and the Henry Street Settlement are credited to:
a. Mary Breckenridge. ANS: C
b. Mary Seacole. World War I offered nurses a chance to enter into new fields of specialization, as is seen in the
c. Clara Barton. example of nurse anesthetists, who became part of surgical teams at the front lines.
d. Lillian Wald.
DIF: Comprehension REF: p. 11
ANS: D
Lillian Wald, a pioneer in public health nursing, is best known for the development and 7. The primary purpose of the Social Security Act of 1935 was to:
establishment of the Henry Street Settlement. a. increase research that focused on minority groups.
b. provide medical care for chemically impaired persons.
DIF: Knowledge REF: p. 6
c. ensure health care for older adults through a national insurance system.
d. decrease the public’s financial burden by limiting services offered by local health
4. Occupational health nursing features beliefs similar to those of which early nursing pioneer?
a. Lillian Wald departments.
b. Florence Nightingale ANS: C
c. Clara Barton By providing health insurance for older adults, the Social Security Act of 1935 set the
d. Mary Seacole precedent for the passage of the Medicare and Medicaid Acts that followed in 1965, but the
act also provided maternal and child welfare services, rehabilitation for the mentally and
ANS: A
physically challenged, medical care for blind individuals and crippled children, and
unemployment benefits.
DIF: Comprehension REF: p. 12
8. A client asks the nurse, “Can you explain Medicare, an amendment to the Social Security
Act?” The nurse responds that Medicare:
a. led to many hospital closings, along with a decrease in acute care hospital–based
nursing care.
, b. provided medical insurance to those younger adults or children who were not c. Renaissance and Reformation periods and the Colonial American period
eligible for private insurance because of catastrophic illnesses such as cancer. d. Crimean War and Civil War periods
c. provided preventive care for women, infants, and children.
d. ensured that individuals ages 65 and older and those with end-stage renal disease ANS: A
During prehistoric times, tribes used herbs to rid themselves of disease; in the Middle Ages,
or permanent disabilities had health care insurance.
women used herbs.
ANS: D
The Medicare program provides hospital insurance, Part A, and medical insurance, Part B, to DIF: Comprehension REF: p. 6
all people ages 65 and older who are eligible to receive Social Security benefits; people with
total, permanent disabilities; and people with end-stage renal disease. 12. A care provider sacrifices an animal and waves an herb-filled sack over a client who is
complaining of painful joints and chest pain with exertion. This ritual represents health care
DIF: Comprehension REF: p. 14 during:
a. the prehistoric period.
9. A comparison of nursing in the 1980s to nursing in the 1990s reveals that: b. early civilization in Egypt.
a. in the 1990s nursing experienced a significant reduction occurred in preventable c. the Renaissance.
diseases caused by unsafe/unhealthy lifestyles. d. the Middle Ages.
b. tuberculosis was the primary concern for nursing in the 1980s, whereas the AIDS
ANS: A
epidemic emerged and was its focus during the 1990s.
c. a decrease in ambulatory services in the 1980s prompted an increase in public
During prehistoric times, illness was thought to be caused by evil spirits that providers
attempted to scare away through rituals and dances.
health nurses in the 1990s.
d. the demand for advanced practice nurses increased in the 1980s and the 1990s as a
DIF: Comprehension REF: p. 3
result of the economy and concern about the health of the nation.
ANS: D 13. A prospective nursing student who researches universities that offer a baccalaureate degree in
The numbers of advanced nurse practitioners increased as evidence of their cost-effectiveness nursing would want to ensure that the program is accredited by the:
as providers of primary and preventive health care became established. a. American Nurses Association.
b. Commission on Collegiate Nursing Education.
DIF: Comprehension REF: pp. 16-17 c. National Institutes of Health.
d. National Nursing Council.
10. Which statement accurately describes the historical perspective of nursing practice?
a. Nursing has existed to meet the needs of populations, individuals, and aggregates ANS: B
The Commission on Collegiate Nursing Education (CCNE) is the agency that exclusively
by providing care that is determined by the needs and beliefs of society in different
accredits baccalaureate and graduate-degree nursing programs.
historical contexts.
b. As men began to become interested in nursing, it changed into a respected
DIF: Comprehension REF: p. 4, Box 1-1
profession based on scientific fact rather than superstition.
c. Nursing has historically accepted individuals from all social and ethnic 14. Nursing in the 1990s was characterized by:
backgrounds. a. men leaving nursing to enter the armed services.
d. The United States has led the way throughout history to advance nursing and b. traditional 8-hour shifts to nurse burnout and compassion fatigue.
health care by providing the first hospital and medical school. c. a focus on preventable diseases.
ANS: A d. a decrease in nursing research.
Nursing has existed since biblical times to address needs ranging from contagious diseases in ANS: C
early times to health prevention in the present time, with care based on health needs and Health promotion and disease prevention were recognized as the means to reduce the high
beliefs of the time. number of mortalities associated with preventable diseases—Healthy People 2000 was
published as a nationwide effort to reduce preventable deaths.
DIF: Comprehension REF: p. 3 |pp. 18-19
DIF: Comprehension REF: pp. 16-17
11. The use of herbs has become a popular alternative to prescription drugs in today’s health care
milieu. During which other historical periods did health practices focus on the use of herbs?
a. Prehistoric times and the Middle Ages
b. Civil War period and World War I
, 15. A nurse is part of the policy committee for a hospital. The committee is provided with Numerous epidemics plagued the country, including syphilis, gonorrhea, malaria, smallpox,
statistics indicating that patients participating in a satisfaction survey felt they lacked and typhoid.
sufficient information about new drugs started while hospitalized and continued after
discharge. In addition, charts noted high recidivism rates. The committee recommended that a DIF: Application REF: p. 9
formalized patient education plan be instituted to reconcile all medications and provide patient
information about new medications. The committee is using which component of the Institute MULTIPLE RESPONSE
of Medicine (IOM) 2011 message?
a. Nurses should achieve higher levels of education to be effective members of an 1. What uniquely twenty-first century issue challenges today’s professional nurse. (select all that
interdisciplinary team. apply)
b. Nurses should have a minimum of a master’s degree to sit on policy committees a. Caring for an aging population
that affect an entire facility. b. Increased patient acuity
c. Pay for nurses should be consistent with that of physicians since the committee is c. Access to health care services
interdisciplinary. d. Expanding technology
d. Policy is based on data, which provides the groundwork for decision making. e. Increasing intercultural patient population
ANS: D ANS: A, B, D, E
The IOM report initiatives include effective workforce planning and policymaking based on Professional nurses in the twenty-first century are faced with many challenges including an
better data collection and improved infrastructure. aging patient population. Professional nurses in the twenty-first century are faced with many
challenges including an increase in high acuity patients. Professional nurses in the twenty-first
DIF: Application REF: p. 16| p. 18 century are faced with many challenges including an ever expanding array of technologies
that affect patient care. Professional nurses in the twenty-first century are faced with many
16. The Affordable Care Act of 2011:
challenges including the existence of an intercultural patient population.
a. requires that by 2020 all newly licensed nurses have a bachelor’s degree at
minimum. DIF: Comprehension REF: p. 18
b. would provide health care benefits to millions who were previously uninsurable or
unable to afford insurance. 2. A newly licensed nurse compares the challenges facing nursing today with those faced by
c. caps the amount that hospitals and physicians can charge for procedures. nurses when her mentor graduated in 1990. The mentor states, “Prevention was the focus of
d. subsidizes private insurance companies, thereby reducing health care costs for nursing when I graduated. We stressed preventive health measures such as smoking cessation
individuals who have chronic or catastrophic illness such as cancer. education to reduce preventable diseases and prevention to reduce the spread of infectious
ANS: B disease such as AIDS.” The mentor asks, “What do you think the challenges will be for nurses
It is anticipated that the ACA (2011) will make insurance coverage possible for millions who graduating now? The correct response would be: (select all that apply)
a. coordinating care for a more diverse aging population who have complex health
have previously not had insurance or had been denied insurance.
values.
DIF: Comprehension REF: pp. 18-19 b. managing care provided by nurses who are technologically advanced and skilled at
interprofessional collaboration.
17. It has been said that “history repeats itself because no one was listening the first time.” Which c. providing care to well-informed consumers who are younger with narrow health
statement is true when comparing the nursing care provided in the Civil War (1861 to 1865) values.
to that provided during the Crimean War? d. redesigning nursing care delivery models to streamline care based on fewer
a. Epidemics such as smallpox and typhoid were the primary emphasis of nursing generational differences.
care in both wars. e. focusing on care from a systems perspective.
b. Soldiers were housed in substandard conditions, but due to Nightingale’s push for
ANS: A, B, E
sanitary conditions, in the Civil War soldiers were housed in aseptic conditions. Our society, thus our patients/consumers, is aging and better informed about health care
c. Black nurses were widely accepted by society and the profession, receiving equal
options, with health values as diverse as the various populations of patients served. Nurses
compensation during the Civil War due in large part to the efforts of Mary Seacole educated in the twenty-first century are introduced to advanced technologies throughout the
during the Crimean War. curriculum, but a gap still exists between the potential benefits of technology and the use
d. Both Nightingale (Crimean War) and Dix (Civil War) completed nursing training
made of it to reduce errors and improve patient care; interprofessional collaboration is a
before accepting positions as nurses in the wars. challenge with incivility and workplace violence increasing. Today’s nurses must view health
ANS: A care from a systems perspective rather than a nursing unit perspective to decrease errors/costs
that arise from system errors.
& MANAGEMENT 7TH EDITION BY BARBARA CHERRY, SUSAN
R. JACOB UPDATED VERSION
Chapter 01: The Evolution of Professional Nursing
Cherry & Jacob: Contemporary Nursing: Issues, Trends, and
Management, 7th Edition
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. Clara Barton is known for:
, a. becoming the first black public health nurse. Lillian Wald developed the first nursing service for occupational health.
b. establishing the Henry Street Settlement.
c. founding the American Red Cross. DIF: Comprehension REF: p. 10
d. publicizing the inadequacies of hospital-based nursing schools.
5. What historical event first led to the recognition of the contribution of blacks to nursing?
ANS: C a. Florence Nightingale’s acceptance of black nurses into the first nursing school
The American Red Cross, founded by Clara Barton in 1882, assisted in efforts to continue b. The contributions of black nurses at the Pennsylvania Hospital, the first hospital in
public health nursing. America
c. Mary Seacole’s efforts to care for soldiers during the Crimean War
DIF: Knowledge REF: p. 11
d. The work done by wives of wealthy black nobles who carried food and medicine
2. Students are assigned to write to their state leaders about an issue affecting their community. from house to house during the Middle Ages
One student writes about the need among rural community for greater access to acute care ANS: C
services. Which of the following pieces of legislation should the student use as a reference? Although Nightingale’s school refused Seacole, she was able to make a difference in the
a. Social Security Act Crimean War and later was recognized for her efforts.
b. Hill-Burton Act
c. Sheppard-Towner Act DIF: Comprehension REF: pp. 8-9
d. U.S. Civil Service Act
6. World War I contributed to the advancement of health care by:
ANS: B a. increasing the number of private care hospitals and decreasing the role of public
The purpose of the Hill-Burton Act was to provide funding to construct hospitals and to help health services.
states in plan for other health care facilities in accordance with the needs of communities. b. employing a large number of civilians to provide care to returning soldiers through
the Red Cross.
DIF: Knowledge REF: p. 13
c. introducing specialists in nursing such as nurse anesthetists.
d. increasing the number of community health nurses.
3. The practice of public health nursing and the Henry Street Settlement are credited to:
a. Mary Breckenridge. ANS: C
b. Mary Seacole. World War I offered nurses a chance to enter into new fields of specialization, as is seen in the
c. Clara Barton. example of nurse anesthetists, who became part of surgical teams at the front lines.
d. Lillian Wald.
DIF: Comprehension REF: p. 11
ANS: D
Lillian Wald, a pioneer in public health nursing, is best known for the development and 7. The primary purpose of the Social Security Act of 1935 was to:
establishment of the Henry Street Settlement. a. increase research that focused on minority groups.
b. provide medical care for chemically impaired persons.
DIF: Knowledge REF: p. 6
c. ensure health care for older adults through a national insurance system.
d. decrease the public’s financial burden by limiting services offered by local health
4. Occupational health nursing features beliefs similar to those of which early nursing pioneer?
a. Lillian Wald departments.
b. Florence Nightingale ANS: C
c. Clara Barton By providing health insurance for older adults, the Social Security Act of 1935 set the
d. Mary Seacole precedent for the passage of the Medicare and Medicaid Acts that followed in 1965, but the
act also provided maternal and child welfare services, rehabilitation for the mentally and
ANS: A
physically challenged, medical care for blind individuals and crippled children, and
unemployment benefits.
DIF: Comprehension REF: p. 12
8. A client asks the nurse, “Can you explain Medicare, an amendment to the Social Security
Act?” The nurse responds that Medicare:
a. led to many hospital closings, along with a decrease in acute care hospital–based
nursing care.
, b. provided medical insurance to those younger adults or children who were not c. Renaissance and Reformation periods and the Colonial American period
eligible for private insurance because of catastrophic illnesses such as cancer. d. Crimean War and Civil War periods
c. provided preventive care for women, infants, and children.
d. ensured that individuals ages 65 and older and those with end-stage renal disease ANS: A
During prehistoric times, tribes used herbs to rid themselves of disease; in the Middle Ages,
or permanent disabilities had health care insurance.
women used herbs.
ANS: D
The Medicare program provides hospital insurance, Part A, and medical insurance, Part B, to DIF: Comprehension REF: p. 6
all people ages 65 and older who are eligible to receive Social Security benefits; people with
total, permanent disabilities; and people with end-stage renal disease. 12. A care provider sacrifices an animal and waves an herb-filled sack over a client who is
complaining of painful joints and chest pain with exertion. This ritual represents health care
DIF: Comprehension REF: p. 14 during:
a. the prehistoric period.
9. A comparison of nursing in the 1980s to nursing in the 1990s reveals that: b. early civilization in Egypt.
a. in the 1990s nursing experienced a significant reduction occurred in preventable c. the Renaissance.
diseases caused by unsafe/unhealthy lifestyles. d. the Middle Ages.
b. tuberculosis was the primary concern for nursing in the 1980s, whereas the AIDS
ANS: A
epidemic emerged and was its focus during the 1990s.
c. a decrease in ambulatory services in the 1980s prompted an increase in public
During prehistoric times, illness was thought to be caused by evil spirits that providers
attempted to scare away through rituals and dances.
health nurses in the 1990s.
d. the demand for advanced practice nurses increased in the 1980s and the 1990s as a
DIF: Comprehension REF: p. 3
result of the economy and concern about the health of the nation.
ANS: D 13. A prospective nursing student who researches universities that offer a baccalaureate degree in
The numbers of advanced nurse practitioners increased as evidence of their cost-effectiveness nursing would want to ensure that the program is accredited by the:
as providers of primary and preventive health care became established. a. American Nurses Association.
b. Commission on Collegiate Nursing Education.
DIF: Comprehension REF: pp. 16-17 c. National Institutes of Health.
d. National Nursing Council.
10. Which statement accurately describes the historical perspective of nursing practice?
a. Nursing has existed to meet the needs of populations, individuals, and aggregates ANS: B
The Commission on Collegiate Nursing Education (CCNE) is the agency that exclusively
by providing care that is determined by the needs and beliefs of society in different
accredits baccalaureate and graduate-degree nursing programs.
historical contexts.
b. As men began to become interested in nursing, it changed into a respected
DIF: Comprehension REF: p. 4, Box 1-1
profession based on scientific fact rather than superstition.
c. Nursing has historically accepted individuals from all social and ethnic 14. Nursing in the 1990s was characterized by:
backgrounds. a. men leaving nursing to enter the armed services.
d. The United States has led the way throughout history to advance nursing and b. traditional 8-hour shifts to nurse burnout and compassion fatigue.
health care by providing the first hospital and medical school. c. a focus on preventable diseases.
ANS: A d. a decrease in nursing research.
Nursing has existed since biblical times to address needs ranging from contagious diseases in ANS: C
early times to health prevention in the present time, with care based on health needs and Health promotion and disease prevention were recognized as the means to reduce the high
beliefs of the time. number of mortalities associated with preventable diseases—Healthy People 2000 was
published as a nationwide effort to reduce preventable deaths.
DIF: Comprehension REF: p. 3 |pp. 18-19
DIF: Comprehension REF: pp. 16-17
11. The use of herbs has become a popular alternative to prescription drugs in today’s health care
milieu. During which other historical periods did health practices focus on the use of herbs?
a. Prehistoric times and the Middle Ages
b. Civil War period and World War I
, 15. A nurse is part of the policy committee for a hospital. The committee is provided with Numerous epidemics plagued the country, including syphilis, gonorrhea, malaria, smallpox,
statistics indicating that patients participating in a satisfaction survey felt they lacked and typhoid.
sufficient information about new drugs started while hospitalized and continued after
discharge. In addition, charts noted high recidivism rates. The committee recommended that a DIF: Application REF: p. 9
formalized patient education plan be instituted to reconcile all medications and provide patient
information about new medications. The committee is using which component of the Institute MULTIPLE RESPONSE
of Medicine (IOM) 2011 message?
a. Nurses should achieve higher levels of education to be effective members of an 1. What uniquely twenty-first century issue challenges today’s professional nurse. (select all that
interdisciplinary team. apply)
b. Nurses should have a minimum of a master’s degree to sit on policy committees a. Caring for an aging population
that affect an entire facility. b. Increased patient acuity
c. Pay for nurses should be consistent with that of physicians since the committee is c. Access to health care services
interdisciplinary. d. Expanding technology
d. Policy is based on data, which provides the groundwork for decision making. e. Increasing intercultural patient population
ANS: D ANS: A, B, D, E
The IOM report initiatives include effective workforce planning and policymaking based on Professional nurses in the twenty-first century are faced with many challenges including an
better data collection and improved infrastructure. aging patient population. Professional nurses in the twenty-first century are faced with many
challenges including an increase in high acuity patients. Professional nurses in the twenty-first
DIF: Application REF: p. 16| p. 18 century are faced with many challenges including an ever expanding array of technologies
that affect patient care. Professional nurses in the twenty-first century are faced with many
16. The Affordable Care Act of 2011:
challenges including the existence of an intercultural patient population.
a. requires that by 2020 all newly licensed nurses have a bachelor’s degree at
minimum. DIF: Comprehension REF: p. 18
b. would provide health care benefits to millions who were previously uninsurable or
unable to afford insurance. 2. A newly licensed nurse compares the challenges facing nursing today with those faced by
c. caps the amount that hospitals and physicians can charge for procedures. nurses when her mentor graduated in 1990. The mentor states, “Prevention was the focus of
d. subsidizes private insurance companies, thereby reducing health care costs for nursing when I graduated. We stressed preventive health measures such as smoking cessation
individuals who have chronic or catastrophic illness such as cancer. education to reduce preventable diseases and prevention to reduce the spread of infectious
ANS: B disease such as AIDS.” The mentor asks, “What do you think the challenges will be for nurses
It is anticipated that the ACA (2011) will make insurance coverage possible for millions who graduating now? The correct response would be: (select all that apply)
a. coordinating care for a more diverse aging population who have complex health
have previously not had insurance or had been denied insurance.
values.
DIF: Comprehension REF: pp. 18-19 b. managing care provided by nurses who are technologically advanced and skilled at
interprofessional collaboration.
17. It has been said that “history repeats itself because no one was listening the first time.” Which c. providing care to well-informed consumers who are younger with narrow health
statement is true when comparing the nursing care provided in the Civil War (1861 to 1865) values.
to that provided during the Crimean War? d. redesigning nursing care delivery models to streamline care based on fewer
a. Epidemics such as smallpox and typhoid were the primary emphasis of nursing generational differences.
care in both wars. e. focusing on care from a systems perspective.
b. Soldiers were housed in substandard conditions, but due to Nightingale’s push for
ANS: A, B, E
sanitary conditions, in the Civil War soldiers were housed in aseptic conditions. Our society, thus our patients/consumers, is aging and better informed about health care
c. Black nurses were widely accepted by society and the profession, receiving equal
options, with health values as diverse as the various populations of patients served. Nurses
compensation during the Civil War due in large part to the efforts of Mary Seacole educated in the twenty-first century are introduced to advanced technologies throughout the
during the Crimean War. curriculum, but a gap still exists between the potential benefits of technology and the use
d. Both Nightingale (Crimean War) and Dix (Civil War) completed nursing training
made of it to reduce errors and improve patient care; interprofessional collaboration is a
before accepting positions as nurses in the wars. challenge with incivility and workplace violence increasing. Today’s nurses must view health
ANS: A care from a systems perspective rather than a nursing unit perspective to decrease errors/costs
that arise from system errors.
