NR 565 FINAL EXAM |QUESTIONS AND 100% CORRECT AND WELL DETAILED ANSWERS|LATEST 2025/2026|GRADED A+|VERIFIED

CORRECT AND WELL DETAILED
ANSWERS|LATEST 2025/2026|GRADED


Acute symptoms of diabetes plus casual plasma glucose concentration greater than or equal t
B B B B B B B B B B B B B



o 200 mg/dL.
B B




*Casual is defined as any time of day without regard to time since last meal. The classic sympt
B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B



oms of diabetes are polyuria, polydipsia, and unexplained weight loss.
B B B B B B B B B




a. Pre-diabetes
B




b. Diabetes mellitus - ANSWER
B B B B b



Fasting plasma glucose greater than or equal to 126 mg/dL.
B B B B B B B B B




*Fasting is defined as no caloric intake for at least 8 hours.
B B B B B B B B B B B




a. Diabetes mellitus
B B




b. Pre-diabetes - ANSWER
B B B a



2 hour post-
B B



load plasma glucose in an oral glucose tolerance test greater than or equal to 200 mg/dL. The t
B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B



est uses a glucose load containing the equivalent of 75 g anhydrous glucose dissolved in water.
B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B




a. Pre-diabetes
B




b. Diabetes mellitus - ANSWER
B B B B b



HgbA1c greater than or equal to 6.5%
B B B B B B




a. Diabetes mellitus
B B




b. Pre-diabetes - ANSWER
B B B a



Fasting plasma glucose 100 to 125 mg/dL (IFG) or
B B B B B B B B




a. Diabetes mellitus
B B




1

,b. Pre-diabetes - ANSWER
B B B b



Plasma glucose 140 to 199 mg/dL (IGT) 2 hours post-
B B B B B B B B B



ingestion of standard glucose load (75 g) or
B B B B B B B




a. Diabetes mellitus
B B




b. Pre-diabetes - ANSWER
B B B b



HgbA1c 5.7% to 6.4% B B B




a. Diabetes mellitus
B B




b. Pre-diabetes - ANSWER
B B B b



SGLT2i (sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors) - ANSWER
B B B B B -ozin



Biguanides - ANSWER B B Metformin (Glucophage) B




DPP-4i (Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 Inhibitors) - ANSWER
B B B B B - iptin
B




Sulfonylureas - ANSWER B B - Gly or Gli
B B B




GLP-1 (Glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists) - ANSWER
B B B B B B B - glutides
B




TZD (Thiazolidinediones) - ANSWER
B B B - azone
B




Rapid onset insulin - ANSWER
B B B B aspart (Novolog), glulisine (apidra) and lispro (humalog)
B B B B B B




Rapid acting onset - ANSWER
B B B B 5-30 minutes B




2

,rapid acting peak - ANSWER
B B B B 0.5 - 3 hours
B B B




rapid acting duration - ANSWER
B B B B 3-4 hours
B




short acting insulin - ANSWER
B B B B Regular (Humulin R, Novolin R)
B B B B




short acting onset - ANSWER
B B B B 30-60 min B




short acting peak - ANSWER
B B B B 2-4 h
B




short acting duration - ANSWER
B B B B 3-7 h B




intermediate acting insulin - ANSWER
B B B B Isophane (NPH) B




intermediate acting onset - ANSWER
B B B B 1-2 hours
B




intermediate acting peak - ANSWER
B B B B 4-10 hours B




intermediate acting duration - ANSWER
B B B B 10-16 h B




long acting insulin - ANSWER
B B B B glargine (Lantus)
B




detemir (Levemir)
B




long acting onset - ANSWER
B B B B 1-2 hours
B




long acting peak - ANSWER
B B B B none



3

, long acting duration - ANSWER
B B B B 20-24 h B




fixed combination insulin - ANSWER
B B B B NPH mixed with regular or lisper or aspirate
B B B B B B B




fixed combination onset - ANSWER
B B B B 5-60 minutes B




fixed combination peak - ANSWER
B B B B dual



fixed combination duration - ANSWER
B B B B 16 h B




TSH is low, free T4 is high and T3 is normal -
B B B B B B B B B B B



BANSWER Etiology can be related to exogenous T4 ingestion, a concurrent non- B B B B B B B B B B



thyroidal illness, or amiodarone-induced thyroid dysfunction.
B B B B B




Serum TSH is normal or elevated, and free T4 and T3 are elevated -
B B B B B B B B B B B B B



BANSWER Possibility of a TSH producing pituitary tumor, which would need to be evalua B B B B B B B B B B B B



ted further with magnetic resonance imaging.
B B B B B




TSH is low, the free T4 is normal and the serum T3 is high -
B B B B B B B B B B B B B B



BANSWER Primary hyperthyroidism. However, other reasons for this thyroid function tes B B B B B B B B B



t abnormality could be exogenous T3 ingestion, or a functioning adenoma.
B B B B B B B B B B




Which of the following agents is the first-
B B B B B B B



line treatment for hyperthyroidism or Grave's disease?
B B B B B B




a. Metoprolol
B




b. Methimazole
B




c. Allopurinol
B




d. Levothyroxine - ANSWER
B B B b




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