Physics chapter 2-6
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1. what are the two major Natural science can be divided into two categories - The study of
branches of natural sci- nonliving matter known as physical science and the study of living
ence? known as biological science
2. how do matter and energy matter is very general term used to describe the substance that
differ? comprises all physical objects. it has a shape and form, and it
occupies space. Energy is defined as the ability to do work
3. Define an atom and a mol- An atom is the smallest particle of an element that still possesses the
ecule characteristics of that element. When two or more atoms are chem-
ically united, they form a molecule, which is the smallest particle of a
compound that still possesses the characteristics of the compound
4. what are the three basic The three basic subatomic particles are the proton, neutron and
subatomic particles? electron
5. What is ionization? Ionization is the process of adding or removing an electron from an
atom
6. what is the formula used to the maximum number of electrons that can occupy a given shell is
determine the maximum determined by the formula 2n^2, where n equals the shell number,
number of electrons that starting with K as the first shell. According to this formula, the maxi-
can be contained in a giv- mum number of electrons in the N or 4th shells would be N=2(4)^2
en shell? How many elec- = 32
trons can be contained in
the n-shell?
7. The periodic table of el- The horizontal periods of the periodic table represent elements with
ements arranges the el- the same number of electron shells. The vertical groups represent
ements into periods and elements with the same number of electrons in the outermost shell.
groups. How are the ele-
ments similar within each
period? within each group?
, Physics chapter 2-6
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_3fzzbn
8. How do radiations differ Radiations along the electromagnetic spectrum will vary according
along the electromagnetic to their associated frequencies and wavelengths. low frequencies
spectrum? and long wavelengths are at the bottom end of the spectrum with
radio waves and microwaves. Visible light is in the center of the
spectrum and at the top of the spectrum are gamma and x-rays with
associated high frequencies and short wavelengths.
9. List five types of energy types of energy include mechanical (potential and kinetic), chemical
, heat, electrical, nuclear, and electromagnetic
10. For electromagnetic radi- For electromagnetic radiation, frequency and wavelength are in-
ation, what is the rela- versely proportional. When frequency increases, wavelength de-
tionship between frequen- creases. Photon energy and frequency are directly proportional.
cy and wavelength? be- When frequency increase photon energy increases.
tween frequency and pho-
ton energy?
11. List five properties of x-ray 1) Are highly penetrating, invisible rays that are form electromag-
netic radiations.
2)Are electrically neutral and are therefore not affected by either
electric or magnetic fields
3) Can be produced over a wide variety of energies and wave-
lengths
4) Release very small amounts of heat upon passing through matter
5)travel in straight lines
6) travel at the speed of light (3x10^8 meters per second) in a
vacuum
7)Can ionize matter
8) cause fluorescence, the emission of light of certain crystals
9)cannot be focused by a lens
10) Affect photographic film
11) produce chemical and biological changes in matter through
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_3fzzbn
1. what are the two major Natural science can be divided into two categories - The study of
branches of natural sci- nonliving matter known as physical science and the study of living
ence? known as biological science
2. how do matter and energy matter is very general term used to describe the substance that
differ? comprises all physical objects. it has a shape and form, and it
occupies space. Energy is defined as the ability to do work
3. Define an atom and a mol- An atom is the smallest particle of an element that still possesses the
ecule characteristics of that element. When two or more atoms are chem-
ically united, they form a molecule, which is the smallest particle of a
compound that still possesses the characteristics of the compound
4. what are the three basic The three basic subatomic particles are the proton, neutron and
subatomic particles? electron
5. What is ionization? Ionization is the process of adding or removing an electron from an
atom
6. what is the formula used to the maximum number of electrons that can occupy a given shell is
determine the maximum determined by the formula 2n^2, where n equals the shell number,
number of electrons that starting with K as the first shell. According to this formula, the maxi-
can be contained in a giv- mum number of electrons in the N or 4th shells would be N=2(4)^2
en shell? How many elec- = 32
trons can be contained in
the n-shell?
7. The periodic table of el- The horizontal periods of the periodic table represent elements with
ements arranges the el- the same number of electron shells. The vertical groups represent
ements into periods and elements with the same number of electrons in the outermost shell.
groups. How are the ele-
ments similar within each
period? within each group?
, Physics chapter 2-6
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_3fzzbn
8. How do radiations differ Radiations along the electromagnetic spectrum will vary according
along the electromagnetic to their associated frequencies and wavelengths. low frequencies
spectrum? and long wavelengths are at the bottom end of the spectrum with
radio waves and microwaves. Visible light is in the center of the
spectrum and at the top of the spectrum are gamma and x-rays with
associated high frequencies and short wavelengths.
9. List five types of energy types of energy include mechanical (potential and kinetic), chemical
, heat, electrical, nuclear, and electromagnetic
10. For electromagnetic radi- For electromagnetic radiation, frequency and wavelength are in-
ation, what is the rela- versely proportional. When frequency increases, wavelength de-
tionship between frequen- creases. Photon energy and frequency are directly proportional.
cy and wavelength? be- When frequency increase photon energy increases.
tween frequency and pho-
ton energy?
11. List five properties of x-ray 1) Are highly penetrating, invisible rays that are form electromag-
netic radiations.
2)Are electrically neutral and are therefore not affected by either
electric or magnetic fields
3) Can be produced over a wide variety of energies and wave-
lengths
4) Release very small amounts of heat upon passing through matter
5)travel in straight lines
6) travel at the speed of light (3x10^8 meters per second) in a
vacuum
7)Can ionize matter
8) cause fluorescence, the emission of light of certain crystals
9)cannot be focused by a lens
10) Affect photographic film
11) produce chemical and biological changes in matter through
