Advanced Med-Surg Principles Jersey College Final
1. Ch 13: What are exchanged for potassium ions during - hydrogen ions (ie: meta-
alkalosis or acidosis? bolic acidosis results in
hyperkalemia as H ions
are shifted into the ell to
raise the pH and potassi-
um leaves the cell and en-
ters the bloodstream)
2. Ch 13: What is necessary for neuromuscular and car- - potassium
diovascular function?
3. Ch 13: What helps to regulate muscle contraction and - calcium
relaxation?
4. Ch 13: What affects threshold potential? - calcium
5. Ch 13: What contributes to muscle weakness and - hypercalcemia
come?
6. Ch 13: What contributes to muscle irritability and - hypocalcemia
tetany?
7. Ch 13: What helps with carb and protein metabolism, - magnesium
and affects neuromuscular function and produces va-
sodilation?
8. Ch 13: What lowers the resting membrane potential - hypokalemia
and makes cells less irritable which could result in an
ileus?
9. Ch 13: What may cause diarrhea, irritability, muscle - hyperkalemia
weakness, and EKG changes (such as tall tented T
, Advanced Med-Surg Principles Jersey College Final
waves, absent P waves, prolonged PR interval and QRS
duration)?
10. Ch 13: What may cause muscle weakness, EKG - hypokalemia
changes (inverted T waves and ST depression), a weak
irregular pulse, paralytic ileus, tachydysrhythmias
(premature ventricular contractions (PVCs) and ven-
tricular tachycardia (VT)), constipation, and U waves?
11. Ch 13: What do pts with hypernatremia present with? - thirst
- dry muscous mem-
branes
- lethargy
- restlessness
- tachycardia
- HTN
12. Ch 13: What are S/S of hypocalcemia? - tetany (a classic sign)
- muscle twitching
- bronchospasms
- laryngeal spasms
- seizures
- hyperirritability
13. Ch 13: What is a classic sign of low mag (hypomagne- - tetany
semia)?
14. Ch 13: What are the clinical manifestations of hypona- - constant headaches
tremia? - seizures
- lethargy
- tachycardia
- decreased BP
- thready pulse
, Advanced Med-Surg Principles Jersey College Final
- hyperactive bowel
sounds
- abdominal cramps
15. Ch 13: What slows the depolarization of the cell mem- - hyponatremia
brane?
16. Ch 13: What shifts fluid from the extracellular to the - hyponatremia
intracellular compartment?
17. Ch 13: What is lossed from the GI (vomiting, diar- - sodium
rhea, suctioning), renal (diuretics, adrenal insufficien-
cy, kidney disease), and integumentary systems (as-
cites, burns, peripheral edema)?
18. Ch 13: What happens in hyponatremia? - there is a reduction in
intravascular volume so BP
decreases
19. Ch 13: What should you do in the setting of hypona- - restrict fluids
tremia with fluid overload?
20. Ch 13: What do you monitor in the setting of hypona- - LOC
tremia? - vital signs
- I's & O's
- weight
21. Ch 13: What can sever hyponatremia result in? - seizures
- coma
- respiratory arrest
22. Ch 13: What increases serum osmolality and pulls wa- - hypernatremia
ter out of the cells?
1. Ch 13: What are exchanged for potassium ions during - hydrogen ions (ie: meta-
alkalosis or acidosis? bolic acidosis results in
hyperkalemia as H ions
are shifted into the ell to
raise the pH and potassi-
um leaves the cell and en-
ters the bloodstream)
2. Ch 13: What is necessary for neuromuscular and car- - potassium
diovascular function?
3. Ch 13: What helps to regulate muscle contraction and - calcium
relaxation?
4. Ch 13: What affects threshold potential? - calcium
5. Ch 13: What contributes to muscle weakness and - hypercalcemia
come?
6. Ch 13: What contributes to muscle irritability and - hypocalcemia
tetany?
7. Ch 13: What helps with carb and protein metabolism, - magnesium
and affects neuromuscular function and produces va-
sodilation?
8. Ch 13: What lowers the resting membrane potential - hypokalemia
and makes cells less irritable which could result in an
ileus?
9. Ch 13: What may cause diarrhea, irritability, muscle - hyperkalemia
weakness, and EKG changes (such as tall tented T
, Advanced Med-Surg Principles Jersey College Final
waves, absent P waves, prolonged PR interval and QRS
duration)?
10. Ch 13: What may cause muscle weakness, EKG - hypokalemia
changes (inverted T waves and ST depression), a weak
irregular pulse, paralytic ileus, tachydysrhythmias
(premature ventricular contractions (PVCs) and ven-
tricular tachycardia (VT)), constipation, and U waves?
11. Ch 13: What do pts with hypernatremia present with? - thirst
- dry muscous mem-
branes
- lethargy
- restlessness
- tachycardia
- HTN
12. Ch 13: What are S/S of hypocalcemia? - tetany (a classic sign)
- muscle twitching
- bronchospasms
- laryngeal spasms
- seizures
- hyperirritability
13. Ch 13: What is a classic sign of low mag (hypomagne- - tetany
semia)?
14. Ch 13: What are the clinical manifestations of hypona- - constant headaches
tremia? - seizures
- lethargy
- tachycardia
- decreased BP
- thready pulse
, Advanced Med-Surg Principles Jersey College Final
- hyperactive bowel
sounds
- abdominal cramps
15. Ch 13: What slows the depolarization of the cell mem- - hyponatremia
brane?
16. Ch 13: What shifts fluid from the extracellular to the - hyponatremia
intracellular compartment?
17. Ch 13: What is lossed from the GI (vomiting, diar- - sodium
rhea, suctioning), renal (diuretics, adrenal insufficien-
cy, kidney disease), and integumentary systems (as-
cites, burns, peripheral edema)?
18. Ch 13: What happens in hyponatremia? - there is a reduction in
intravascular volume so BP
decreases
19. Ch 13: What should you do in the setting of hypona- - restrict fluids
tremia with fluid overload?
20. Ch 13: What do you monitor in the setting of hypona- - LOC
tremia? - vital signs
- I's & O's
- weight
21. Ch 13: What can sever hyponatremia result in? - seizures
- coma
- respiratory arrest
22. Ch 13: What increases serum osmolality and pulls wa- - hypernatremia
ter out of the cells?
