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CMCA EXAM 2025/2026 REAL EXAM 260 QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
ANSWERS (VERIFIED ANSWERS) |A+GRADE
FICA (Federal Insurance Contributions Act) - ......ANSWER........social security & matching
OSHA - ......ANSWER........Occupational Safety and Health Administration
FDCPA (Fair Debt Collection Practices Act) - ......ANSWER........Fair Debt Collection
Practices Act
Fair Housing Act (FHA) - ......ANSWER........The federal law that prohibits discrimination in
housing based on race, color, religion, sex, handicap, familial status, and national origin
SSCRA (The Soldiers and Sailors Civil Relief Act) - ......ANSWER........Requires the delay of
all civil court actions, such as bankruptcy and foreclosures, until the service member
returns from active duty
U.S. Bankruptcy Code - ......ANSWER........Regulates how individuals and businesses can
file for bankruptcy
Specific Statute - ......ANSWER........applies to one or more types of association
Role of CPA - ......ANSWER........prepares year end reports, audit.
General State Statutes - ......ANSWER........Applies to all types of associations, including
community associations (for example, regular corporate or not-for-profit corporate
statutes).
Uniform statutes - ......ANSWER........standardize laws for associations
Governing Documents - ......ANSWER........define rights and obligations, binding
relationship, rules and regulations
Hierarchy of Governing Docs - ......ANSWER........1. Federal Laws and State Statutes 2.
Recorded plat/plan 3. Declaration, CC&R's, master plan 4. Lease/occupancy agreement 5.
Articles of Incorporation 6. Bylaws 7. Board Resolutions
Higher documents always overrule lower
Recorded Map/Plat - ......ANSWER........who maintains property, title to property
CC&R's - ......ANSWER........covenants, conditions, and restrictions
,2 of 19
Proprietary/Standard Lease/Occupancy - ......ANSWER........premises, term of lease,
powers
Articles of Incorporation - ......ANSWER........basic powers/purpose, brings corporation into
existence, stock, # board members
Bylaws - ......ANSWER........membership requirements, voting rights, provisions/powers
Board Resolutions - ......ANSWER........motions set & adopted by Board
Architectural Guidelines - ......ANSWER........fairness/clarity, maintain assets, quality,
preserve and protect property value
Policy - ......ANSWER........owners' rights & obligation (use of common area, pool,
walkways)
Administrative Resolution - ......ANSWER........operating procedures, collections
General Resolution - ......ANSWER........routine events, board meeting, etc.
Sources of Authority in Association - ......ANSWER........state statutes, Gov docs, Board of
Directors, owners (limited)
Document Verbiage - ......ANSWER........"Shall" exactly defines what it is "Shall not"
specifically prohibits "May" gives the authority to so something but does not require
Community Manager Role - ......ANSWER........lead board in making decisions, give
practical/technical/admin advise, maintain records
Criteria of Enforceable Rules - ......ANSWER........-Cannot violate constitution -Must be
consistent with gov docs and state stats -Reasonable to operation & purpose of
community -Does not create group/class of people, -Be capable of uniform enforcement
Rule Development Process - ......ANSWER........1. Need 2. Impact 3. Authority 4. Scope 5.
Validity 6. Notice 7. Action 8. Notice 9. Revision 10. Record
Drafting Resolutions (P.A.S.S) - ......ANSWER........P. Purpose (clarify rule, add or specify) A.
Authority (bod, statutes, declaration, bylaw) S. Scope & Intent (who & what effected,
when/where) S. Specifications (what those effected are expected to do)
Development of ARC Guidelines - ......ANSWER........Indicate what changes allowed, to
help avoid claims of arbitrary or selective treatment
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Due Process Procedure - ......ANSWER........A formal rules-enforcement process designed
to protect the rights of all parties involved. There are several benefits to using a due
process procedure to enforce community association rules: 1) Alleged violations all
handled the same way. 2) Courts recognize and value the procedure. 3) Majority of
violations can be resolved. 4) Non-threatening environment furthers voluntary compliance.
5) Provides opportunity to explore alternative means of resolution.
Hearing with BOD - ......ANSWER........Courtesy letter Cease and Desist Hearing Notice
Hearing Decision Appeal
Alternative Dispute Resolution - ......ANSWER........arbitration and mediation from a third
party
Arbitrary/Arbitration - ......ANSWER........1. Determined by chance, whim, or impulse, and
not by necessity, reason, or principle. 2. Disputing parties agree that one or several
individuals can decide about the dispute after receiving evidence and hearing arguments
Internal Resources for Rule Enforcement - ......ANSWER........1. suspension of voting rights
2. suspension of amenities 3. Fines (violation) 4. Eviction (for tenants only) 5. Self-help
(association corrects violation)
External Resources for Rule Enforcement - ......ANSWER........1. Heath Department (# of
occupants, feces) 2. Zoning (setbacks, fence, boat/car removal) 3. PD (noise, conflict,
traffic violation, crime) 4. FD (fire lanes, hazardous material) 5. Building/housing standard
dep (plumbing, electrical code) 6. Animal shelter (strays, wild animal, pet restrictions)
Amending a Motion - ......ANSWER........modifying another motion by inserting words or
paragraphs, striking out words/paragraph
Executive Session - ......ANSWER........when board holds discussion of sensitive nature,
personnel issues, contract discussion, lawsuits, violations
Proprietary lease - ......ANSWER........A lease given by the corporation that owns a
cooperative apartment building to the shareholder for the shareholder's right as a tenant to
an individual apartment.
Ad hoc committee - ......ANSWER........a committee created for a specific short-term
purpose
Discretionary Budget Item - ......ANSWER........based on owner, board and committee
desires.
CMCA EXAM 2025/2026 REAL EXAM 260 QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
ANSWERS (VERIFIED ANSWERS) |A+GRADE
FICA (Federal Insurance Contributions Act) - ......ANSWER........social security & matching
OSHA - ......ANSWER........Occupational Safety and Health Administration
FDCPA (Fair Debt Collection Practices Act) - ......ANSWER........Fair Debt Collection
Practices Act
Fair Housing Act (FHA) - ......ANSWER........The federal law that prohibits discrimination in
housing based on race, color, religion, sex, handicap, familial status, and national origin
SSCRA (The Soldiers and Sailors Civil Relief Act) - ......ANSWER........Requires the delay of
all civil court actions, such as bankruptcy and foreclosures, until the service member
returns from active duty
U.S. Bankruptcy Code - ......ANSWER........Regulates how individuals and businesses can
file for bankruptcy
Specific Statute - ......ANSWER........applies to one or more types of association
Role of CPA - ......ANSWER........prepares year end reports, audit.
General State Statutes - ......ANSWER........Applies to all types of associations, including
community associations (for example, regular corporate or not-for-profit corporate
statutes).
Uniform statutes - ......ANSWER........standardize laws for associations
Governing Documents - ......ANSWER........define rights and obligations, binding
relationship, rules and regulations
Hierarchy of Governing Docs - ......ANSWER........1. Federal Laws and State Statutes 2.
Recorded plat/plan 3. Declaration, CC&R's, master plan 4. Lease/occupancy agreement 5.
Articles of Incorporation 6. Bylaws 7. Board Resolutions
Higher documents always overrule lower
Recorded Map/Plat - ......ANSWER........who maintains property, title to property
CC&R's - ......ANSWER........covenants, conditions, and restrictions
,2 of 19
Proprietary/Standard Lease/Occupancy - ......ANSWER........premises, term of lease,
powers
Articles of Incorporation - ......ANSWER........basic powers/purpose, brings corporation into
existence, stock, # board members
Bylaws - ......ANSWER........membership requirements, voting rights, provisions/powers
Board Resolutions - ......ANSWER........motions set & adopted by Board
Architectural Guidelines - ......ANSWER........fairness/clarity, maintain assets, quality,
preserve and protect property value
Policy - ......ANSWER........owners' rights & obligation (use of common area, pool,
walkways)
Administrative Resolution - ......ANSWER........operating procedures, collections
General Resolution - ......ANSWER........routine events, board meeting, etc.
Sources of Authority in Association - ......ANSWER........state statutes, Gov docs, Board of
Directors, owners (limited)
Document Verbiage - ......ANSWER........"Shall" exactly defines what it is "Shall not"
specifically prohibits "May" gives the authority to so something but does not require
Community Manager Role - ......ANSWER........lead board in making decisions, give
practical/technical/admin advise, maintain records
Criteria of Enforceable Rules - ......ANSWER........-Cannot violate constitution -Must be
consistent with gov docs and state stats -Reasonable to operation & purpose of
community -Does not create group/class of people, -Be capable of uniform enforcement
Rule Development Process - ......ANSWER........1. Need 2. Impact 3. Authority 4. Scope 5.
Validity 6. Notice 7. Action 8. Notice 9. Revision 10. Record
Drafting Resolutions (P.A.S.S) - ......ANSWER........P. Purpose (clarify rule, add or specify) A.
Authority (bod, statutes, declaration, bylaw) S. Scope & Intent (who & what effected,
when/where) S. Specifications (what those effected are expected to do)
Development of ARC Guidelines - ......ANSWER........Indicate what changes allowed, to
help avoid claims of arbitrary or selective treatment
, 3 of 19
Due Process Procedure - ......ANSWER........A formal rules-enforcement process designed
to protect the rights of all parties involved. There are several benefits to using a due
process procedure to enforce community association rules: 1) Alleged violations all
handled the same way. 2) Courts recognize and value the procedure. 3) Majority of
violations can be resolved. 4) Non-threatening environment furthers voluntary compliance.
5) Provides opportunity to explore alternative means of resolution.
Hearing with BOD - ......ANSWER........Courtesy letter Cease and Desist Hearing Notice
Hearing Decision Appeal
Alternative Dispute Resolution - ......ANSWER........arbitration and mediation from a third
party
Arbitrary/Arbitration - ......ANSWER........1. Determined by chance, whim, or impulse, and
not by necessity, reason, or principle. 2. Disputing parties agree that one or several
individuals can decide about the dispute after receiving evidence and hearing arguments
Internal Resources for Rule Enforcement - ......ANSWER........1. suspension of voting rights
2. suspension of amenities 3. Fines (violation) 4. Eviction (for tenants only) 5. Self-help
(association corrects violation)
External Resources for Rule Enforcement - ......ANSWER........1. Heath Department (# of
occupants, feces) 2. Zoning (setbacks, fence, boat/car removal) 3. PD (noise, conflict,
traffic violation, crime) 4. FD (fire lanes, hazardous material) 5. Building/housing standard
dep (plumbing, electrical code) 6. Animal shelter (strays, wild animal, pet restrictions)
Amending a Motion - ......ANSWER........modifying another motion by inserting words or
paragraphs, striking out words/paragraph
Executive Session - ......ANSWER........when board holds discussion of sensitive nature,
personnel issues, contract discussion, lawsuits, violations
Proprietary lease - ......ANSWER........A lease given by the corporation that owns a
cooperative apartment building to the shareholder for the shareholder's right as a tenant to
an individual apartment.
Ad hoc committee - ......ANSWER........a committee created for a specific short-term
purpose
Discretionary Budget Item - ......ANSWER........based on owner, board and committee
desires.
