IUPUI BIOLOGY K101 DR. MARRS FINAL| COMPLETE
SOLUTIONS LATEST 2025
1. Some bacteria avoid a host's immune system by means of:: Cloaking the cell with a
watery capsule
2. Even though bacteria lack organelles, such as chloroplasts and mitochondria,
they can still perform the functions of these organelles by localizing certain
metabolic enzymes on:: Infoldings of the plasma membrane
3. Extrachromosomal circles of DNA in bacteria called often carry genes
involved in :: Plasmids, antibiotic resistance
4. Clostridium tetani: Tetanus ("Lockjaw")
5. Clostridium botulinum: Botulism (food poisoning)
6. Helicobacter pylori: Stomach ulcers
7. Bacillus anthraxis: Anthrax
8. Neisseria gonorrhea: Gonorrhea
9. Once they appeared on Earth, forever changed the atmosphere on the
earth by the production of large quantities of oxygen gas.: Cyanobacteria
10. Prokaryotes found inhibiting the Great Salt Lake would be the .: Extreme
halophiles
https://www.stuvia.com/user/Mboffin
, 11. The structure in the acompanying figure labeled C (outermost layer) is ,
and the structure indicated by the letter I is :: C-the capsule, I-the flagella
12. What is the function of the structures labeled B?: To adhere to host cells, or bacteria, or
solid substrates; to transmit DNA from one cell to another; to exchange genetic material and genetic traits like antibiotic
resistance between cells
13. The Archaebacteria are typically found in extremely hot environments,
whereas the Archaebacteria are typically found in swampy environments
lacking oxygen.: Extreme thermophile, methanogenic
14. Organisms that share the most DNA homology to mitochondria and chloro-
plasts, respectively, are:: Proteobacteria, cyanobacteria
15. What makes rRNA (or another sequence) a good 'evolutionary chronome-
ter'?: It is universally distributed across group chosen - all organisms have rRNA; It is functionally similar between
organisms - rRNAs all participate in protein synthesis; Its sequence changes slowly - good for looking across long
periods of time; The rRNA sequences can be aligned, or matched up, between 2 organisms.
16. The most significant difference between the Archae and the Eubacteria
is:: The small subunit (16 S) rRNA sequence
https://www.stuvia.com/user/Mboffin
, 17. The first indication that Archae were different from Eubacteria came from:-
: The absence of peptidoglycans in the cell walls of the Archae
18. Most bacterial cells keep from bursting in a hypotonic environment by: A rigid
cell wall
19. Gram-positive bacteria stain in a gram stain because of the thick layer
of in their cell walls.: Purple; peptidoglycan
20. Which of the following groups of prokaryotes contains the genus Clostrid-
ium, responsible for the human diseases tetanus and botulism?: Gram Positive
Eubacteria
21. Which of the following groups of prokaryotes in the figure above contains
the bacteria Helicobacter pylori, responsible for the human ulcers, and E. coli,
beneficial intestinal bacteria in humans?: Proteobacteria
22. Which of the following groups of prokaryotes might be found in the Great
Salt Lake, the Red Sea, the Dead Sea, but NOT necessarily in the ocean?: Extreme
Halophiles
23. What type of protists have formed massive deposits of chalk, seen in the
White Cliffs of Dover?: Cercozoans (Forams)
24. Pseudopods are used by the members of the clade Amoebozoa for ingesting
food as well as for:: Movement
25. Which of the following is true about Radiolarans?: They capture prey through the use
https://www.stuvia.com/user/Mboffin
, pseudopods
26. Entamoeba histolytica, parasite that is the causative agent of Amoebic
Dysentery, crawls through the small intestine of its victims via pseudopod
formation. Based on this information, Entamoeba histolytica is a member of
clade: Amoebozoa
27. A commercially important unicellular protist whose silica shells are used in
filters, polishes, toothpaste and various industrial processes are the:: diatoms
28. Protists like represent an intermediate stage in eukaryotic evolution
when cells each had two haploid nuclei but fusion to become a true diploid
organism had not occurred.: Giardia
https://www.stuvia.com/user/Mboffin
SOLUTIONS LATEST 2025
1. Some bacteria avoid a host's immune system by means of:: Cloaking the cell with a
watery capsule
2. Even though bacteria lack organelles, such as chloroplasts and mitochondria,
they can still perform the functions of these organelles by localizing certain
metabolic enzymes on:: Infoldings of the plasma membrane
3. Extrachromosomal circles of DNA in bacteria called often carry genes
involved in :: Plasmids, antibiotic resistance
4. Clostridium tetani: Tetanus ("Lockjaw")
5. Clostridium botulinum: Botulism (food poisoning)
6. Helicobacter pylori: Stomach ulcers
7. Bacillus anthraxis: Anthrax
8. Neisseria gonorrhea: Gonorrhea
9. Once they appeared on Earth, forever changed the atmosphere on the
earth by the production of large quantities of oxygen gas.: Cyanobacteria
10. Prokaryotes found inhibiting the Great Salt Lake would be the .: Extreme
halophiles
https://www.stuvia.com/user/Mboffin
, 11. The structure in the acompanying figure labeled C (outermost layer) is ,
and the structure indicated by the letter I is :: C-the capsule, I-the flagella
12. What is the function of the structures labeled B?: To adhere to host cells, or bacteria, or
solid substrates; to transmit DNA from one cell to another; to exchange genetic material and genetic traits like antibiotic
resistance between cells
13. The Archaebacteria are typically found in extremely hot environments,
whereas the Archaebacteria are typically found in swampy environments
lacking oxygen.: Extreme thermophile, methanogenic
14. Organisms that share the most DNA homology to mitochondria and chloro-
plasts, respectively, are:: Proteobacteria, cyanobacteria
15. What makes rRNA (or another sequence) a good 'evolutionary chronome-
ter'?: It is universally distributed across group chosen - all organisms have rRNA; It is functionally similar between
organisms - rRNAs all participate in protein synthesis; Its sequence changes slowly - good for looking across long
periods of time; The rRNA sequences can be aligned, or matched up, between 2 organisms.
16. The most significant difference between the Archae and the Eubacteria
is:: The small subunit (16 S) rRNA sequence
https://www.stuvia.com/user/Mboffin
, 17. The first indication that Archae were different from Eubacteria came from:-
: The absence of peptidoglycans in the cell walls of the Archae
18. Most bacterial cells keep from bursting in a hypotonic environment by: A rigid
cell wall
19. Gram-positive bacteria stain in a gram stain because of the thick layer
of in their cell walls.: Purple; peptidoglycan
20. Which of the following groups of prokaryotes contains the genus Clostrid-
ium, responsible for the human diseases tetanus and botulism?: Gram Positive
Eubacteria
21. Which of the following groups of prokaryotes in the figure above contains
the bacteria Helicobacter pylori, responsible for the human ulcers, and E. coli,
beneficial intestinal bacteria in humans?: Proteobacteria
22. Which of the following groups of prokaryotes might be found in the Great
Salt Lake, the Red Sea, the Dead Sea, but NOT necessarily in the ocean?: Extreme
Halophiles
23. What type of protists have formed massive deposits of chalk, seen in the
White Cliffs of Dover?: Cercozoans (Forams)
24. Pseudopods are used by the members of the clade Amoebozoa for ingesting
food as well as for:: Movement
25. Which of the following is true about Radiolarans?: They capture prey through the use
https://www.stuvia.com/user/Mboffin
, pseudopods
26. Entamoeba histolytica, parasite that is the causative agent of Amoebic
Dysentery, crawls through the small intestine of its victims via pseudopod
formation. Based on this information, Entamoeba histolytica is a member of
clade: Amoebozoa
27. A commercially important unicellular protist whose silica shells are used in
filters, polishes, toothpaste and various industrial processes are the:: diatoms
28. Protists like represent an intermediate stage in eukaryotic evolution
when cells each had two haploid nuclei but fusion to become a true diploid
organism had not occurred.: Giardia
https://www.stuvia.com/user/Mboffin
