ONCOLOGY PHARM NURS 316B EXAM
QUESTIONS WITH 100% CORRECT
ANSWERS | LATEST VERSION 2025/2026.
1) A client is receiving chemotherapy with doxorubicin. Which development will the nurse teach
the client to report immediately?
A. Nausea
B. Sore throat
C. Loss of hair
D. Constipation - ANS B. Sore throat
A sore throat is indicative of a respiratory tract infection, which may be the first clinical sign of
bone marrow suppression, which can be life-threatening.
2) A complete blood count is prescribed before each round of a client's cancer chemotherapy.
Which component of the complete blood count is of greatest concern to the nurse?
A. Platelets
B. Hematocrit
C. Red blood cells (RBCs)
D. White blood cells (WBCs) - ANS D. White blood cells (WBCs)
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,Antineoplastic medications depress bone marrow, which causes leukopenia; the client must be
protected from infection, which can be life-threatening.
3) Which systemic side effect would the nurse monitor for in a client receiving combination
chemotherapy for the treatment of metastatic carcinoma?
A. Ascites
B. Nystagmus
C. Leukopenia
D. Polycythemia - ANS C. Leukopenia
Leukopenia, a reduction in white blood cells, is a systemic effect of chemotherapy as a result of
myelosuppression.
4) A client with laryngeal cancer is receiving chemotherapy. Which laboratory report is most
important for the nurse to monitor when considering the effects of chemotherapy?
A. Platelets
B. Hemoglobin level
C. Red blood cell count
D. White blood cell count - ANS D. White blood cell count
Antineoplastic medications depress bone marrow, which results in leukopenia; the client must
be protected from infection, which is a primary cause of death in the client with cancer.
5) A client with multiple myeloma who is receiving the alkylating agent melphalan returns to
the oncology clinic for a follow-up visit. For which adverse effect will the nurse monitor the
client?
A. Hirsutism
B. Leukopenia
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,C. Constipation
D. Photosensitivity - ANS B. Leukopenia
Melphalan depresses the bone marrow, causing a reduction in white blood cells (leukopenia),
red blood cells (anemia), and thrombocytes (thrombocytopenia); leukopenia increases the risk
of infection.
6) A client receiving cancer chemotherapy asks the nurse why an antibiotic was prescribed.
Which tissue affected by chemotherapy will the nurse consider when formulating a response?
A. Liver
B. Blood
C. Bone marrow
D. Lymph nodes - ANS C. Bone marrow
Prolonged chemotherapy may slow production of leukocytes in bone marrow, thus suppressing
the immune system.
7) A client is receiving combination chemotherapy for the treatment of metastatic carcinoma.
For which systemic side effect would the nurse monitor the client?
A. Ascites
B. Nystagmus
C. Leukopenia
D. Polycythemia - ANS C. Leukopenia
Leukopenia, a reduction in white blood cells, is a systemic effect of chemotherapy as a result of
myelosuppression.
8) An adolescent is prescribed an antineoplastic agent. Which instruction would the nurse give
to the parents before discharge?
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, A. Limit contact with all peers and family members.
B. Withhold medications when nausea occurs to prevent vomiting.
C. Schedule laboratory blood tests to evaluate response to the medication.
D. Return weekly for a bone marrow aspiration to monitor effectiveness of therapy. - ANS C.
Schedule laboratory blood tests to evaluate response to the medication.
Blood tests indicate response to therapy; if the white blood cell count drops precipitously,
therapy may be halted temporarily
transplant for the treatment of leukemia. Which nursing intervention is a priority for this client?
A. Provide education on infection prevention in the community
B. Assist the client with ambulation every 2 hours
C. Monitor the client for signs of infection
D. Introduce the client to another bone marrow recipient - ANS C. Monitor the client for
signs of infection
Leukemia is cancer that results in the uncontrolled production of immature WBCs (" blast" cells)
in the bone marrow.
10) Which intervention would the nurse include in the plan of care for a client with breast
cancer who received doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide 12 days ago and now has a white
blood cell (WBC) count of 1.4 cells/mm 3 and reports shortness of breath and activity
intolerance? Select all that apply. One, some, or all responses may be correct.
A. Use an electric razor when shaving.
B. Institute neutropenic precautions.
C. Place client on airborne precautions.
D. Transfuse two units of packed red blood cells (RBCs).
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QUESTIONS WITH 100% CORRECT
ANSWERS | LATEST VERSION 2025/2026.
1) A client is receiving chemotherapy with doxorubicin. Which development will the nurse teach
the client to report immediately?
A. Nausea
B. Sore throat
C. Loss of hair
D. Constipation - ANS B. Sore throat
A sore throat is indicative of a respiratory tract infection, which may be the first clinical sign of
bone marrow suppression, which can be life-threatening.
2) A complete blood count is prescribed before each round of a client's cancer chemotherapy.
Which component of the complete blood count is of greatest concern to the nurse?
A. Platelets
B. Hematocrit
C. Red blood cells (RBCs)
D. White blood cells (WBCs) - ANS D. White blood cells (WBCs)
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,Antineoplastic medications depress bone marrow, which causes leukopenia; the client must be
protected from infection, which can be life-threatening.
3) Which systemic side effect would the nurse monitor for in a client receiving combination
chemotherapy for the treatment of metastatic carcinoma?
A. Ascites
B. Nystagmus
C. Leukopenia
D. Polycythemia - ANS C. Leukopenia
Leukopenia, a reduction in white blood cells, is a systemic effect of chemotherapy as a result of
myelosuppression.
4) A client with laryngeal cancer is receiving chemotherapy. Which laboratory report is most
important for the nurse to monitor when considering the effects of chemotherapy?
A. Platelets
B. Hemoglobin level
C. Red blood cell count
D. White blood cell count - ANS D. White blood cell count
Antineoplastic medications depress bone marrow, which results in leukopenia; the client must
be protected from infection, which is a primary cause of death in the client with cancer.
5) A client with multiple myeloma who is receiving the alkylating agent melphalan returns to
the oncology clinic for a follow-up visit. For which adverse effect will the nurse monitor the
client?
A. Hirsutism
B. Leukopenia
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,C. Constipation
D. Photosensitivity - ANS B. Leukopenia
Melphalan depresses the bone marrow, causing a reduction in white blood cells (leukopenia),
red blood cells (anemia), and thrombocytes (thrombocytopenia); leukopenia increases the risk
of infection.
6) A client receiving cancer chemotherapy asks the nurse why an antibiotic was prescribed.
Which tissue affected by chemotherapy will the nurse consider when formulating a response?
A. Liver
B. Blood
C. Bone marrow
D. Lymph nodes - ANS C. Bone marrow
Prolonged chemotherapy may slow production of leukocytes in bone marrow, thus suppressing
the immune system.
7) A client is receiving combination chemotherapy for the treatment of metastatic carcinoma.
For which systemic side effect would the nurse monitor the client?
A. Ascites
B. Nystagmus
C. Leukopenia
D. Polycythemia - ANS C. Leukopenia
Leukopenia, a reduction in white blood cells, is a systemic effect of chemotherapy as a result of
myelosuppression.
8) An adolescent is prescribed an antineoplastic agent. Which instruction would the nurse give
to the parents before discharge?
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, A. Limit contact with all peers and family members.
B. Withhold medications when nausea occurs to prevent vomiting.
C. Schedule laboratory blood tests to evaluate response to the medication.
D. Return weekly for a bone marrow aspiration to monitor effectiveness of therapy. - ANS C.
Schedule laboratory blood tests to evaluate response to the medication.
Blood tests indicate response to therapy; if the white blood cell count drops precipitously,
therapy may be halted temporarily
transplant for the treatment of leukemia. Which nursing intervention is a priority for this client?
A. Provide education on infection prevention in the community
B. Assist the client with ambulation every 2 hours
C. Monitor the client for signs of infection
D. Introduce the client to another bone marrow recipient - ANS C. Monitor the client for
signs of infection
Leukemia is cancer that results in the uncontrolled production of immature WBCs (" blast" cells)
in the bone marrow.
10) Which intervention would the nurse include in the plan of care for a client with breast
cancer who received doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide 12 days ago and now has a white
blood cell (WBC) count of 1.4 cells/mm 3 and reports shortness of breath and activity
intolerance? Select all that apply. One, some, or all responses may be correct.
A. Use an electric razor when shaving.
B. Institute neutropenic precautions.
C. Place client on airborne precautions.
D. Transfuse two units of packed red blood cells (RBCs).
4 | Page @COPYRIGHT 2025/2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED
