NUR 2206 Midterm Exam
Questions and Answers 2025.
Verified Real Exam Update.
Infection Cycle - CORRECT ANSWER-Infectious agent, reservoir, portal of exit, means of
transmission, portal of entry and susceptible host
Reservoir - CORRECT ANSWER-Natural habitat for organism
Portal of exit - CORRECT ANSWER-point of escape for the organism
Means of transmission - CORRECT ANSWER-direct contact, indirect contact, airborne
route
Portal of entry - CORRECT ANSWER-point at which organisms enter a new
host
Susceptible host - CORRECT ANSWER-must overcome resistance mounted by
host's defenses
Lab indications of infection - CORRECT ANSWER-- Elevated WCB count
Increase in specific WBCs
Elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate
-Presence of pathogen in urine, blood, sputum, or draining wound cultures
Cardinal signs of acute infection - CORRECT ANSWER-redness, heat, swelling,
,pain, loss of function
Types of body defenses - CORRECT ANSWER-- Body's normal flora
Inflammatory response
Immune response
Bacteria - CORRECT ANSWER-the most significant and most prevalent in
hospital settings
Virus - CORRECT ANSWER-smallest of all microorganisms
How often do you turn your patient - CORRECT ANSWER-Every 2 hours
Fungi - CORRECT ANSWER-Plant-like organisms present in air, soil, and water
Transient bacterial flora - CORRECT ANSWER-attached loosely on skin,
removed with relative ease
Resident bacterial flora - CORRECT ANSWER-found in creases in skin, requires
friction with brush to remove
Factors affecting organism's potential to cause disease - CORRECT ANSWER--
Number of Organisms
Virulence
Competence of person's immune system
Length and intimacy of contact btwn people and microorganism
common reservoirs - CORRECT ANSWER-Other people, animals, soil, food,
,water, milk, inanimate objects
common portals of exit - CORRECT ANSWER-Respiratory Gastrointestinal
Genitourinary tracts Breaks in skin Blood and tissue
incubation period - CORRECT ANSWER-first stage of infection - organisms
growing and multiplying
prodromal stage - CORRECT ANSWER-second stage of infection - person is
most infectious - vague and nonspecific signs of disease
Full stage of illness - CORRECT ANSWER-third stage of infection - presence of
specific signs and symptoms of disease
convalescent period - CORRECT ANSWER-Final stage of infection - recovery
from infection
Factors affecting host susceptibility - CORRECT ANSWER-- Intact skin and
mucous membranes
Normal pH levels
Body's WBCs
Age, sex, race, hereditary factors
Immunization - natural or acquired
Fatigue, climate, nutritional and general health status
Stress
Use of invasive or indwelling medical devices
aseptic technique - CORRECT ANSWER--Includes all activities to prevent or
break the chain of infection
, Medical asepsis (clean technique) - CORRECT ANSWER-Use of precise
practices to reduce number, growth, and spread of microorganisms
When do you use medical asepsis - CORRECT ANSWER-- Administration of
oral or topical meds
Providing personal hygiene
Managing NG tubes
Medical asepsis practices - CORRECT ANSWER-- Hand hygiene
Remove jewelry from hands and wrists
Keep nails short and clean - no acrylic nails or gel
Keep patient environment clean
Do not place linen or other items on floor
Surgical asepsis (sterile technique) - CORRECT ANSWER-Use of precise
practices to eliminate all microorganisms from an object or area and prevent
contamination
When do you use sterile technique? - CORRECT ANSWER-- Parenteral med
administration
Insertion of urinary catheter
Sterile dressing changes
Surgical procedures
surgical asepsis practices - CORRECT ANSWER-- Do not talk, cough, or sneeze
directly over sterile field
1 inch border edge of sterile field is not sterile
Sterile can only touch sterile - contaminated if it touches nonsterile
Questions and Answers 2025.
Verified Real Exam Update.
Infection Cycle - CORRECT ANSWER-Infectious agent, reservoir, portal of exit, means of
transmission, portal of entry and susceptible host
Reservoir - CORRECT ANSWER-Natural habitat for organism
Portal of exit - CORRECT ANSWER-point of escape for the organism
Means of transmission - CORRECT ANSWER-direct contact, indirect contact, airborne
route
Portal of entry - CORRECT ANSWER-point at which organisms enter a new
host
Susceptible host - CORRECT ANSWER-must overcome resistance mounted by
host's defenses
Lab indications of infection - CORRECT ANSWER-- Elevated WCB count
Increase in specific WBCs
Elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate
-Presence of pathogen in urine, blood, sputum, or draining wound cultures
Cardinal signs of acute infection - CORRECT ANSWER-redness, heat, swelling,
,pain, loss of function
Types of body defenses - CORRECT ANSWER-- Body's normal flora
Inflammatory response
Immune response
Bacteria - CORRECT ANSWER-the most significant and most prevalent in
hospital settings
Virus - CORRECT ANSWER-smallest of all microorganisms
How often do you turn your patient - CORRECT ANSWER-Every 2 hours
Fungi - CORRECT ANSWER-Plant-like organisms present in air, soil, and water
Transient bacterial flora - CORRECT ANSWER-attached loosely on skin,
removed with relative ease
Resident bacterial flora - CORRECT ANSWER-found in creases in skin, requires
friction with brush to remove
Factors affecting organism's potential to cause disease - CORRECT ANSWER--
Number of Organisms
Virulence
Competence of person's immune system
Length and intimacy of contact btwn people and microorganism
common reservoirs - CORRECT ANSWER-Other people, animals, soil, food,
,water, milk, inanimate objects
common portals of exit - CORRECT ANSWER-Respiratory Gastrointestinal
Genitourinary tracts Breaks in skin Blood and tissue
incubation period - CORRECT ANSWER-first stage of infection - organisms
growing and multiplying
prodromal stage - CORRECT ANSWER-second stage of infection - person is
most infectious - vague and nonspecific signs of disease
Full stage of illness - CORRECT ANSWER-third stage of infection - presence of
specific signs and symptoms of disease
convalescent period - CORRECT ANSWER-Final stage of infection - recovery
from infection
Factors affecting host susceptibility - CORRECT ANSWER-- Intact skin and
mucous membranes
Normal pH levels
Body's WBCs
Age, sex, race, hereditary factors
Immunization - natural or acquired
Fatigue, climate, nutritional and general health status
Stress
Use of invasive or indwelling medical devices
aseptic technique - CORRECT ANSWER--Includes all activities to prevent or
break the chain of infection
, Medical asepsis (clean technique) - CORRECT ANSWER-Use of precise
practices to reduce number, growth, and spread of microorganisms
When do you use medical asepsis - CORRECT ANSWER-- Administration of
oral or topical meds
Providing personal hygiene
Managing NG tubes
Medical asepsis practices - CORRECT ANSWER-- Hand hygiene
Remove jewelry from hands and wrists
Keep nails short and clean - no acrylic nails or gel
Keep patient environment clean
Do not place linen or other items on floor
Surgical asepsis (sterile technique) - CORRECT ANSWER-Use of precise
practices to eliminate all microorganisms from an object or area and prevent
contamination
When do you use sterile technique? - CORRECT ANSWER-- Parenteral med
administration
Insertion of urinary catheter
Sterile dressing changes
Surgical procedures
surgical asepsis practices - CORRECT ANSWER-- Do not talk, cough, or sneeze
directly over sterile field
1 inch border edge of sterile field is not sterile
Sterile can only touch sterile - contaminated if it touches nonsterile
