PNE 161 Exam Questions and Answers Already Passed Latest Update

PNE 161 Exam Questions and Answers Already Passed Latest Update a drug is moved from the site of administration to body fluids; first process during pharmacokinetics - Answers absorption undesirable drug effect - Answers adverse reaction hypersensitive reaction by the immune system; it presents as itching, hives, swelling, and difficulty breathing - Answers Allergic reaction sudden, severe hypersensitivity reaction with symptoms that progress rapidly and may result in death if not treated; also called anaphylactic reaction or anaphylactoid reaction (allergic reaction) - Answers Anaphylactic shock localized wheals or swellings of liquid in subcutaneous tissues or mucous membranes, which may be caused by an allergic reaction ; also called angioneurotic edema. Most common in eyelids, lips, mouth, and throat. - Answers Angioedema the proportion of a drug available to body tissues when it reaches the circulatory system - Answers bioavailability drugs that have the potential for abuse and dependency, both physical and psychological - Answers controlled substances when the body is unable to metabolize and excrete one dose of a drug before the next is given - Answers Cumulative drug effect group of diverse medical practices or products not presently part of conventional medicine - Answers Complementary/Alternative Medicine (CAM) drug moves from circulation to body tissue or a target site - Answers distribution any unusual or abnormal response that differs from the response normally expected to a specific drug and dosage. - Answers drug idiosyncrasy decreased response to a drug, requiring an increase in dosage to achieve the desired effect - Answers drug tolerance elimination of a drug from the body - Answers excretion action by which an oral drug is absorbed and carried directly to the liver, where it is inactivated by enzymes before it enters the general bloodstream - Answers first pass effect time required for the body to eliminate 50% of a drug - Answers Half life type of complementary/alternative therapy that uses plants or herbs to treat vanous disorders; aiso called herbalism - Answers Herbal medicine undesirable reaction produced by a normal immune system - Answers hypersensitive drug is changed to a form that can be excreted - Answers metabolism inactive form of the original drug - Answers metabolite drugs designated by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to be safe (if taken as directed) and obtainable without a prescription; also called over-the-counter (OTC) drugs - Answers Nonprescription Drugs pertaining to the phase during which a drug dissolves in the body - Answers pharmaceutic study of the drug mechanisms that produce biochemical or physiologic changes in the body - Answers Pharmacodynamics study of drug transit (or activity) after administration - Answers Pharmacokinetics habitual use of a drug, where negative physical withdrawal symptoms result from abrupt discontinuation - Answers physical dependency drugs the federal government has designated Order as potentially harmful unless their use is supervised by a licensed health care provider, such as a nurse practitioner, physician, or dentist - Answers Prescription drugs compulsion or craving to use a substance to obtain a pleasurable experience - Answers psychological dependency Cellular macromolecule to which medication binds in order to initiate its effects, a reactive site on the surface of a cell; when a drug binds to and interacts with the receptor, a pharmacologic response occurs - Answers Receptor program of the FDA, designed to monitor drugs that have a high risk compared with benefit ratio - Answers Risk Evaluation and Mitigation Strategies (REMS) drug or substance that causes abnormal development of the fetus, leading to deformities or death - Answers teratogen poisonous or harmful - Answers toxic mouth cavity between jaw and cheek - Answers buccal entry by way of the gastrointestinal system - Answers enteral drug administration route in which the client inhales the drug orally or nasally - Answers inhalation pertaining to the dermis area within the upper layers of the skin - Answers intradermal area within a muscle - Answers intramuscular (IM) area within a vein - Answers intravenous (IV) administration of a substance, such as a drug, by any route other than through the gastrointestinal system le.g., oral or rectal route) - Answers Parenteral items worn when touching blood or body fluid, or having the potential of splashing on the provider, such as gloves, gowns, masks, eye protection or facial and/or foot coverings -