CCI RCS Study Guide 2025 Updated.
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Cavitation is - Answer The creation or vibration of small gas filled bodies by the ultrasound
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beam. (Tends to occur only with higher-intensity exposures.
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The 6 intensities from highest to lowest are - Answer 1.) SPTP 4.) SATP
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2.)SPPA 5.) SAPA ty ty ty
3.)SPTA 6.) SATA ty ty
What tricuspid valve leaflets are noted in PLAX? - Answer Anterior and medial/septal
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posterior.
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Formula for calculating EF? - Answer EF% = (sv/edv) x 100%
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Stroke Volume (SV) formula - Answer EDV - ESV
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What is stroke volume (SV)? - Answer Amount of blood pumped out of each ventricle
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during a single heart beat.
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What is the chiari network? - Answer Network of fibers originating from eustachian valve.
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Where can the chiari network be found - Answer Right atria
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What is the most anterior chamber of the heart? - Answer Right ventricle
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Which pair of intensities has the lowest value? - Answer SATA (spatial average and
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temporal average)
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Where is the Eustachian valve located ? - Answer In between the IVC and the right atrium.
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What's another name for the Right Ventricular Outflow Tract (RVOT) ? - Answer
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Infundibulum
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Where is the coronary sinus located in relation to the descending aorta? - Answer Anterior
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The three cusps of the tricuspid valve are? - Answer Anterior
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Medial ty
Posterior
What's the two main layers of the pericardium? - Answer 1.) Visceral = lies directly upon
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external surface of the heart and is commonly referred to as the epicardium.
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2,) Parietal = or fibrous pericardium is the thick outer sac.
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,*The pericardial cavity lies between these two layers.
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What is the normal pressure for the right ventricle ? - Answer 25/5 mmHg
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What is the normal pressure for the pulmonary artery? - Answer 25/10 mmHg
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What is the normal pressure for the left atrium? - Answer 10mmHg
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What is the normal pressure for the aorta ? - Answer 120/80 mmHg
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What are the two cusps of the mitral valve ? - Answer Anterior (long) and the posterior
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(short)
ty
When is the left ventricular pressure the lowest? - Answer Early diastole
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What is Becks Triad and what does it cause? - Answer AKA cardiac tamponade. Causes
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an elevated pressure in heart, hypotension and a quiet heart
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What are the effects of pulmonary HTN ? - Answer Dilated pulmonary artery
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Severe TR ty ty
RV dilation ty
What happens to the size of an aneurysm during systole? - Answer It increases
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In patients with A-Fib which heart sound would be missing ? - Answer Fourth
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What is the normal O2 saturation of the left heart ? - Answer 98%
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What is cardiac output? - Answer It is the total amount of blood ejected per minute.
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*cardiac output = stroke volume x HR ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
*normal cardiac output = 4-8 liters/minute ty ty ty ty ty
Effects of left side heart failure - Answer Blood backs up to lungs and patient has shortness
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of breath
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What part of the heart is affected when there is pulmonary edema ? - Answer Left side of
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heart
ty
What is the primary cause of Congestive Heart Failure? - Answer Systolic dysfunction.
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What part of the heart is affected when there is peripheral edema? - Answer Right side of
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the heart
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When the foremen ovale closes after birth due to increased left atrial pressure the spot it
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was located is now called? - Answer Fossa ovalis
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, Mitral regurge hemodynamic evaluation is done in ? - Answer Systole
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Aortic stenosis evaluation is done in? - Answer Systole
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Tricuspid stenosis evaluation is done in ? - Answer Diastole ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
What is Dresslers syndrome ? - Answer Pericardial effusion after myocardial infarction
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Is left atrial thrombus common in patients with mitral stenosis? - Answer Yes, especially in
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appendage
ty
What are 3 factors affecting stroke volume? - Answer Preload, after-load, contractility
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What is fractional shortening? - Answer It is the fraction of any diastolic dimension that is
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lost in systole.
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*normal range = 25-45% ty ty ty
If a patient has a stroke volume of 70ml and a heart rate of 90bpm what would be their
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cardiac output? - Answer Cardiac Output= Stroke volume x heart rate
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70ml x 90bpm = 630ml/minute ty ty ty ty
What is QP and QS? - Answer QP= pulmonary circulatory flow
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QS= systemic circulatory flow ty ty ty
Atrial septal defect surgery is mainly considered when the QP/QS ratio exceed? - Answer
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1:5
ty ty
*normal = 1:1 ty ty
What are the 2 most common encountered congenital heart lesions diagnosed in adults ? -
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Answer Atrial septal defect
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Bicuspid aortic valve ty ty
What chamber of the heart would be greater affected in patients with ventricular septal
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defects and left to right shunting? - Answer Right atrium
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A patient with a higher blood pressure in the right arm than the left arm may have? - Answer
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Coarctation of aorta
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How is a 2-d image of a phased array transducer created? - Answer Sequentially activating
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a series of adjacent crystals to angular the ultrasound beam
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What is a heterograph/ xenograph? - Answer Other names of bioprosthetic valves
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transferred from animals to humans.
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What are three types of bioprosthetic valves? - Answer Mechanical
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Bovine
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Cavitation is - Answer The creation or vibration of small gas filled bodies by the ultrasound
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
beam. (Tends to occur only with higher-intensity exposures.
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
The 6 intensities from highest to lowest are - Answer 1.) SPTP 4.) SATP
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
2.)SPPA 5.) SAPA ty ty ty
3.)SPTA 6.) SATA ty ty
What tricuspid valve leaflets are noted in PLAX? - Answer Anterior and medial/septal
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
posterior.
ty
Formula for calculating EF? - Answer EF% = (sv/edv) x 100%
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
Stroke Volume (SV) formula - Answer EDV - ESV
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
What is stroke volume (SV)? - Answer Amount of blood pumped out of each ventricle
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
during a single heart beat.
ty ty ty ty ty
What is the chiari network? - Answer Network of fibers originating from eustachian valve.
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
Where can the chiari network be found - Answer Right atria
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
What is the most anterior chamber of the heart? - Answer Right ventricle
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
Which pair of intensities has the lowest value? - Answer SATA (spatial average and
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temporal average)
ty ty
Where is the Eustachian valve located ? - Answer In between the IVC and the right atrium.
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
What's another name for the Right Ventricular Outflow Tract (RVOT) ? - Answer
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Infundibulum
ty
Where is the coronary sinus located in relation to the descending aorta? - Answer Anterior
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
The three cusps of the tricuspid valve are? - Answer Anterior
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
Medial ty
Posterior
What's the two main layers of the pericardium? - Answer 1.) Visceral = lies directly upon
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
external surface of the heart and is commonly referred to as the epicardium.
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2,) Parietal = or fibrous pericardium is the thick outer sac.
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,*The pericardial cavity lies between these two layers.
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
What is the normal pressure for the right ventricle ? - Answer 25/5 mmHg
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
What is the normal pressure for the pulmonary artery? - Answer 25/10 mmHg
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
What is the normal pressure for the left atrium? - Answer 10mmHg
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What is the normal pressure for the aorta ? - Answer 120/80 mmHg
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
What are the two cusps of the mitral valve ? - Answer Anterior (long) and the posterior
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
(short)
ty
When is the left ventricular pressure the lowest? - Answer Early diastole
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What is Becks Triad and what does it cause? - Answer AKA cardiac tamponade. Causes
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an elevated pressure in heart, hypotension and a quiet heart
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
What are the effects of pulmonary HTN ? - Answer Dilated pulmonary artery
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
Severe TR ty ty
RV dilation ty
What happens to the size of an aneurysm during systole? - Answer It increases
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
In patients with A-Fib which heart sound would be missing ? - Answer Fourth
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
What is the normal O2 saturation of the left heart ? - Answer 98%
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
What is cardiac output? - Answer It is the total amount of blood ejected per minute.
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
*cardiac output = stroke volume x HR ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
*normal cardiac output = 4-8 liters/minute ty ty ty ty ty
Effects of left side heart failure - Answer Blood backs up to lungs and patient has shortness
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
of breath
ty ty
What part of the heart is affected when there is pulmonary edema ? - Answer Left side of
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
heart
ty
What is the primary cause of Congestive Heart Failure? - Answer Systolic dysfunction.
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
What part of the heart is affected when there is peripheral edema? - Answer Right side of
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
the heart
ty ty
When the foremen ovale closes after birth due to increased left atrial pressure the spot it
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
was located is now called? - Answer Fossa ovalis
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
, Mitral regurge hemodynamic evaluation is done in ? - Answer Systole
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
Aortic stenosis evaluation is done in? - Answer Systole
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
Tricuspid stenosis evaluation is done in ? - Answer Diastole ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
What is Dresslers syndrome ? - Answer Pericardial effusion after myocardial infarction
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
Is left atrial thrombus common in patients with mitral stenosis? - Answer Yes, especially in
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
appendage
ty
What are 3 factors affecting stroke volume? - Answer Preload, after-load, contractility
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
What is fractional shortening? - Answer It is the fraction of any diastolic dimension that is
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
lost in systole.
ty ty ty ty
*normal range = 25-45% ty ty ty
If a patient has a stroke volume of 70ml and a heart rate of 90bpm what would be their
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
cardiac output? - Answer Cardiac Output= Stroke volume x heart rate
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
70ml x 90bpm = 630ml/minute ty ty ty ty
What is QP and QS? - Answer QP= pulmonary circulatory flow
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
QS= systemic circulatory flow ty ty ty
Atrial septal defect surgery is mainly considered when the QP/QS ratio exceed? - Answer
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
1:5
ty ty
*normal = 1:1 ty ty
What are the 2 most common encountered congenital heart lesions diagnosed in adults ? -
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Answer Atrial septal defect
ty ty ty ty ty
Bicuspid aortic valve ty ty
What chamber of the heart would be greater affected in patients with ventricular septal
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
defects and left to right shunting? - Answer Right atrium
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
A patient with a higher blood pressure in the right arm than the left arm may have? - Answer
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
Coarctation of aorta
ty ty ty
How is a 2-d image of a phased array transducer created? - Answer Sequentially activating
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
a series of adjacent crystals to angular the ultrasound beam
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
What is a heterograph/ xenograph? - Answer Other names of bioprosthetic valves
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
transferred from animals to humans.
ty ty ty ty ty
What are three types of bioprosthetic valves? - Answer Mechanical
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Bovine
