Nur 222 Latest Questions and Correct Solutions
1) Which factor is most important in the regulation of capillary oncotic pressure?
Albumin
1) A 77-year-old female has severe diarrhea during her hospital stay. Which best describes
the risk the patient most likely faces due to the diarrhea?
Risk for isotonic fluid volume deficit.
A patient is diagnosed with hyper-aldosterone secretion. Which change does the
nurse most likely expect to occur?
Decreased serum potassium levels.
A patient is brought to the ED with shortness of breath. On assessment, the nurse notes a
full bounding pulse, peripheral edema, and crackles in the lungs bilaterally. The nurse
understands the patient most likely has developed which condition?
Hypervolemia.
Describe the expected effects of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system activation. What
would stimulate this system to be activated?
Low BP, low effective circulating volume, low serum sodium levels, and/or high serum
potassium levels would stimulate RAAS. Activation of RAAS will increase BP via
vasoconstriction, sodium/fluid retention by the kidneys, and will also cause kidneys to increase
urinary excretion of potassium.
Which patient is most at risk to develop hypervolemic hypernatremia?
, Patient receiving 3% sodium chloride intravenous fluid
A patient with GI bleeding is brought to the emergency department. Blood pressure is
78/50 mmHg, heart rate is 112 bpm, and peripheral pulses are 1+. Laboratory results
reveal serum sodium 142 mEq/L and serum osmolality is 282 mOsm/L. Which condition
has the patient developed?
Isotonic hypovolemia.
A patient is diagnosed with hypervolemic hyponatremia. Which lab value does the nurse
expect to observe?
Sodium 125 mEq/L.
1) A patient has hyperactive bowel sounds, a fast heart rate, and the nurse observes peaked
T-waves on an electrocardiogram (EKG). Which potassium level does the nurse expect to
observe?
5.9 mEq/L.
1) Which factor is directly related to glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and therefore has
the greatest influence on GFR?
A. Renal blood flow (perfusion).
1) A patient is diagnosed with acute kidney injury (AKI). The nurse knows which
electrolyte imbalance is most likely to occur in this patient?
A. Hyperkalemia.
1) Which factor is most important in the regulation of capillary oncotic pressure?
Albumin
1) A 77-year-old female has severe diarrhea during her hospital stay. Which best describes
the risk the patient most likely faces due to the diarrhea?
Risk for isotonic fluid volume deficit.
A patient is diagnosed with hyper-aldosterone secretion. Which change does the
nurse most likely expect to occur?
Decreased serum potassium levels.
A patient is brought to the ED with shortness of breath. On assessment, the nurse notes a
full bounding pulse, peripheral edema, and crackles in the lungs bilaterally. The nurse
understands the patient most likely has developed which condition?
Hypervolemia.
Describe the expected effects of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system activation. What
would stimulate this system to be activated?
Low BP, low effective circulating volume, low serum sodium levels, and/or high serum
potassium levels would stimulate RAAS. Activation of RAAS will increase BP via
vasoconstriction, sodium/fluid retention by the kidneys, and will also cause kidneys to increase
urinary excretion of potassium.
Which patient is most at risk to develop hypervolemic hypernatremia?
, Patient receiving 3% sodium chloride intravenous fluid
A patient with GI bleeding is brought to the emergency department. Blood pressure is
78/50 mmHg, heart rate is 112 bpm, and peripheral pulses are 1+. Laboratory results
reveal serum sodium 142 mEq/L and serum osmolality is 282 mOsm/L. Which condition
has the patient developed?
Isotonic hypovolemia.
A patient is diagnosed with hypervolemic hyponatremia. Which lab value does the nurse
expect to observe?
Sodium 125 mEq/L.
1) A patient has hyperactive bowel sounds, a fast heart rate, and the nurse observes peaked
T-waves on an electrocardiogram (EKG). Which potassium level does the nurse expect to
observe?
5.9 mEq/L.
1) Which factor is directly related to glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and therefore has
the greatest influence on GFR?
A. Renal blood flow (perfusion).
1) A patient is diagnosed with acute kidney injury (AKI). The nurse knows which
electrolyte imbalance is most likely to occur in this patient?
A. Hyperkalemia.
