Nursing 251 Genetics Exam 1 Questions With Complete
Solutions
AD traits/disorders Correct Answer -Achondroplasia
-Blood type A
-Blood type B
-Ehlers-Danlos syndrome
-Huntington disease
-Long eyelashes
-Marfan syndrome
-Neurofibromatosis 1
-Osteogenesis imperfecta
-Familial adenomatous polyposis
-Free earlobes
-Hereditary breast/ovarian cancer
-Oval face shape
-Straight thumbs
-Tongue rolling
-Widow's peak
allele Correct Answer Alternative forms of a gene for each
variation of a trait of an organism.
anti-sense strand Correct Answer labelled 3'-->5', has
complementary bases to the sense strand and acts as the template
for the synthesis of mRNAanti-parallel strand is what the RNA
polymerase interacts with
apoptosis Correct Answer the process of programmed cell
death
,AR traits/disorders Correct Answer -Attached earlobes
-Cleft chin
-Cystic fibrosis
-Gaucher disease
-Short eyelashes
-Sickle cell disease/trait
-Square facial shape
-Straight hairline
-Tay-Sachs disease
-"Hitch-hiker" thumb shape
-Hereditary hemochromatosis
-Hurler syndrome
-Phenylketonuria
arcocentric Correct Answer describes a chromosome whose
centromere is placed very close to, not at, one end
autosomal dominant transmission (AD) Correct Answer -
Single gene trait is expressed whether the person is homozygous
or heterozygous for the gene alleles
-Two dominant alleles are both expressed equally
-Dominant allele paired with a recessive allele results in only
dominant allele expression, recessive allele is "silent"
autosomal recessive transmission (AR) Correct Answer -
Autosomal recessive (AR) traits have the controlling gene
alleles on an autosomal chromosome
-Traits/disorder expressed only when both alleles are present
(person is homozygous)
-An AR allele may be present in a family for many generations
without overt expression
, balanced translocation Correct Answer no essential
chromosomal material is lost and no genes are damaged; no
adverse phenotype, but person is at risk for producing
unbalanced gametes and offspring
chromatid Correct Answer one of two identical "sister" parts
of a duplicated chromosome
chromosomal translocation Correct Answer A segment of one
chromosome breaks off and attaches to a homologous
chromosome
chromosomes Correct Answer A threadlike, gene-carrying
structure found in the nucleus. Each consisting of one very long
DNA molecule and associated proteins.
codominant expression Correct Answer traits of disorders in
which heterozygous alleles are equally expressed
Complex traits/disorders Correct Answer -Common examples
of disease processes generally considered to be results of
multifactorial etiology:
-Diabetes Mellitus
-Cancer
-Epilepsy
-Glaucoma
-Hypertension
-Ischemic heart disease or Coronary artery disease
-Manic depression
-Schizophrenia
Solutions
AD traits/disorders Correct Answer -Achondroplasia
-Blood type A
-Blood type B
-Ehlers-Danlos syndrome
-Huntington disease
-Long eyelashes
-Marfan syndrome
-Neurofibromatosis 1
-Osteogenesis imperfecta
-Familial adenomatous polyposis
-Free earlobes
-Hereditary breast/ovarian cancer
-Oval face shape
-Straight thumbs
-Tongue rolling
-Widow's peak
allele Correct Answer Alternative forms of a gene for each
variation of a trait of an organism.
anti-sense strand Correct Answer labelled 3'-->5', has
complementary bases to the sense strand and acts as the template
for the synthesis of mRNAanti-parallel strand is what the RNA
polymerase interacts with
apoptosis Correct Answer the process of programmed cell
death
,AR traits/disorders Correct Answer -Attached earlobes
-Cleft chin
-Cystic fibrosis
-Gaucher disease
-Short eyelashes
-Sickle cell disease/trait
-Square facial shape
-Straight hairline
-Tay-Sachs disease
-"Hitch-hiker" thumb shape
-Hereditary hemochromatosis
-Hurler syndrome
-Phenylketonuria
arcocentric Correct Answer describes a chromosome whose
centromere is placed very close to, not at, one end
autosomal dominant transmission (AD) Correct Answer -
Single gene trait is expressed whether the person is homozygous
or heterozygous for the gene alleles
-Two dominant alleles are both expressed equally
-Dominant allele paired with a recessive allele results in only
dominant allele expression, recessive allele is "silent"
autosomal recessive transmission (AR) Correct Answer -
Autosomal recessive (AR) traits have the controlling gene
alleles on an autosomal chromosome
-Traits/disorder expressed only when both alleles are present
(person is homozygous)
-An AR allele may be present in a family for many generations
without overt expression
, balanced translocation Correct Answer no essential
chromosomal material is lost and no genes are damaged; no
adverse phenotype, but person is at risk for producing
unbalanced gametes and offspring
chromatid Correct Answer one of two identical "sister" parts
of a duplicated chromosome
chromosomal translocation Correct Answer A segment of one
chromosome breaks off and attaches to a homologous
chromosome
chromosomes Correct Answer A threadlike, gene-carrying
structure found in the nucleus. Each consisting of one very long
DNA molecule and associated proteins.
codominant expression Correct Answer traits of disorders in
which heterozygous alleles are equally expressed
Complex traits/disorders Correct Answer -Common examples
of disease processes generally considered to be results of
multifactorial etiology:
-Diabetes Mellitus
-Cancer
-Epilepsy
-Glaucoma
-Hypertension
-Ischemic heart disease or Coronary artery disease
-Manic depression
-Schizophrenia
