Summary Acids and Bases Matric 2025

It IDI Bit
is is
Lowry Bronsted Acid base model
HOFFS NH4
Ethgwaysbe

PROPERTIES
acids sour
acidscorrosive
solids liquidsgases
showacidicpropertieswhendissolvedin water

LOWRY BRONSTEDACIDBASEMODEL

HCbcgFÑHscg Nhucg leg
Defn Lowry Bronstedacids are proton H donors

Hebig is a Lowry Bronseedacid It donates a H proton
HCl g H g Cleg


DefnLowry Bronstedbases are proton H acceptors


Iggyftp qnstedbase.ItacceptsaHtcproton
Defn Protolysis is a reaction in whichproton transfer takes place
Lowry Bronstead acid base reactions are proteolytic reactions

, STRONGVSWEAKACIDS


strong ionise completely in water
Eg Hydrochloric acid HCl extras
By
Sulfuric acid Ha504
Nitric acid HNOs
Ionise completely in solution to form a high concentration of
hydrogen ions
equallibrium lies to
HNO cage Htiagi NO3 caq the right

Weak ionisepartially in water
Eg Ehinge cett Glia CHscoot
carbonic acid HzCOs
Oxylic acid HOOC COOH or COOH
ammonium ion NHut
hydrogen sulfate ion HSOu
Ionises partially in solution and forms a low concentration
of hydrogen ions
equalibriumlies to the
HFcaq c F'cage Htcaq left


Proticity
The number of protons that it can donate per formula unit

Monoproticacid can donateonly one proton
egHCl HBr HI
Diproticacid can donate two protons
42504 HzCO3
eg
Triproticacid can donate three protons
egH3POu
Acids that can donate two or more protons per formula unit are
calledpolyproticacids