,CHAPTER 1: Evolution of Nursing Thought &
Action
1. Section: How Is Nursing Defined?
Key Concept: Professional definition and scope of nursing
Question Stem: A nurse explains nursing to a newly hired aide.
Which statement best reflects the contemporary, full-spectrum
nursing definition?
A. Nursing focuses exclusively on bedside technical skills.
B. Nursing integrates assessment, diagnosis, planning,
intervention, and evaluation across settings.
C. Nursing's role is limited to following physician orders.
D. Nursing only provides emotional support and comfort.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale (Correct): Option B matches the full-spectrum,
contemporary definition emphasizing clinical reasoning and the
nursing process (Capriotti, Ch.1 — How Is Nursing Defined?).
Incorrect: A is incorrect — nursing includes more than technical
skills. C is incorrect — nursing involves independent judgment and
collaboration. D is incorrect — emotional support is important but
not the sole focus.
Teaching Point: Nursing is a full-spectrum profession integrating
assessment through evaluation across settings.
2. Chapter 1 — Evolution of Nursing Thought & Action
Section: Historical Leaders Who Advanced the Profession of
Nursing
Key Concept: Influence of Florence Nightingale on
environmental theory and infection prevention
Question Stem: A nurse educator uses Nightingale’s work to
,teach infection prevention. Which practice best reflects
Nightingale’s influence and current CDC guidance?
A. Ignoring ventilation because pathogens don't transmit by air.
B. Prioritizing sanitation, hand hygiene, and environmental control
to reduce infection transmission.
C. Using only antibiotics to prevent infection spread.
D. Focusing only on patient diet as the main infection control
measure.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale (Correct): Nightingale emphasized environment and
sanitation; modern CDC hand-hygiene and environmental
cleaning guidance reflect this legacy (Capriotti, Ch.1 — Historical
Leaders).
Incorrect: A is false—airborne transmission can occur. C is
wrong—antibiotics treat infection but do not prevent
environmental transmission and can cause resistance. D is
incomplete—diet influences health but is not primary infection
control.
Teaching Point: Sanitation and hand hygiene are foundational
infection-prevention practices.
3. Chapter 1 — Evolution of Nursing Thought & Action
Section: How Do Nurses’ Educational Paths Differ?
Key Concept: Differences between ADN, BSN, and graduate
preparation
Question Stem: Which statement best distinguishes BSN
preparation from ADN regarding care complexity?
A. ADN prepares nurses for research leadership roles more than
BSN.
B. BSN education includes population health, leadership, and
evidence-based practice for complex care.
, C. BSN focuses solely on basic bedside tasks.
D. ADN mandates graduate-level pharmacology coursework.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale (Correct): BSN curricula emphasize public health,
leadership, critical thinking, and evidence-based practice needed
for complex systems (Capriotti, Ch.1 — Educational Paths).
Incorrect: A is false—graduate education emphasizes research
leadership. C is incorrect—BSN is broader than bedside tasks. D is
incorrect—ADN does not require graduate pharmacology.
Teaching Point: BSN programs expand leadership, population
health, and evidence-based skills.
4. Chapter 1 — Evolution of Nursing Thought & Action
Section: How Is Nursing Practice Regulated?
Key Concept: Role of state boards and licensure compact
Question Stem: A nurse wants to practice across several states.
Which mechanism most directly governs interstate licensure and
practice scope?
A. Hospital policy.
B. Nurse licensure compact (NLC) and state board regulation.
C. Individual physician privilege letters.
D. National certification without state involvement.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale (Correct): State boards regulate licensure and the NLC
facilitates multistate practice; scope remains under state
authority (Capriotti, Ch.1 — Regulation).
Incorrect: A influences hospital practice but not licensure. C is
irrelevant to state licensure. D national certification complements
but does not replace state licensure.
Teaching Point: Licensure and scope are primarily regulated by
Action
1. Section: How Is Nursing Defined?
Key Concept: Professional definition and scope of nursing
Question Stem: A nurse explains nursing to a newly hired aide.
Which statement best reflects the contemporary, full-spectrum
nursing definition?
A. Nursing focuses exclusively on bedside technical skills.
B. Nursing integrates assessment, diagnosis, planning,
intervention, and evaluation across settings.
C. Nursing's role is limited to following physician orders.
D. Nursing only provides emotional support and comfort.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale (Correct): Option B matches the full-spectrum,
contemporary definition emphasizing clinical reasoning and the
nursing process (Capriotti, Ch.1 — How Is Nursing Defined?).
Incorrect: A is incorrect — nursing includes more than technical
skills. C is incorrect — nursing involves independent judgment and
collaboration. D is incorrect — emotional support is important but
not the sole focus.
Teaching Point: Nursing is a full-spectrum profession integrating
assessment through evaluation across settings.
2. Chapter 1 — Evolution of Nursing Thought & Action
Section: Historical Leaders Who Advanced the Profession of
Nursing
Key Concept: Influence of Florence Nightingale on
environmental theory and infection prevention
Question Stem: A nurse educator uses Nightingale’s work to
,teach infection prevention. Which practice best reflects
Nightingale’s influence and current CDC guidance?
A. Ignoring ventilation because pathogens don't transmit by air.
B. Prioritizing sanitation, hand hygiene, and environmental control
to reduce infection transmission.
C. Using only antibiotics to prevent infection spread.
D. Focusing only on patient diet as the main infection control
measure.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale (Correct): Nightingale emphasized environment and
sanitation; modern CDC hand-hygiene and environmental
cleaning guidance reflect this legacy (Capriotti, Ch.1 — Historical
Leaders).
Incorrect: A is false—airborne transmission can occur. C is
wrong—antibiotics treat infection but do not prevent
environmental transmission and can cause resistance. D is
incomplete—diet influences health but is not primary infection
control.
Teaching Point: Sanitation and hand hygiene are foundational
infection-prevention practices.
3. Chapter 1 — Evolution of Nursing Thought & Action
Section: How Do Nurses’ Educational Paths Differ?
Key Concept: Differences between ADN, BSN, and graduate
preparation
Question Stem: Which statement best distinguishes BSN
preparation from ADN regarding care complexity?
A. ADN prepares nurses for research leadership roles more than
BSN.
B. BSN education includes population health, leadership, and
evidence-based practice for complex care.
, C. BSN focuses solely on basic bedside tasks.
D. ADN mandates graduate-level pharmacology coursework.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale (Correct): BSN curricula emphasize public health,
leadership, critical thinking, and evidence-based practice needed
for complex systems (Capriotti, Ch.1 — Educational Paths).
Incorrect: A is false—graduate education emphasizes research
leadership. C is incorrect—BSN is broader than bedside tasks. D is
incorrect—ADN does not require graduate pharmacology.
Teaching Point: BSN programs expand leadership, population
health, and evidence-based skills.
4. Chapter 1 — Evolution of Nursing Thought & Action
Section: How Is Nursing Practice Regulated?
Key Concept: Role of state boards and licensure compact
Question Stem: A nurse wants to practice across several states.
Which mechanism most directly governs interstate licensure and
practice scope?
A. Hospital policy.
B. Nurse licensure compact (NLC) and state board regulation.
C. Individual physician privilege letters.
D. National certification without state involvement.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale (Correct): State boards regulate licensure and the NLC
facilitates multistate practice; scope remains under state
authority (Capriotti, Ch.1 — Regulation).
Incorrect: A influences hospital practice but not licensure. C is
irrelevant to state licensure. D national certification complements
but does not replace state licensure.
Teaching Point: Licensure and scope are primarily regulated by
