Texas Irrigator License Exam 2025:
Hydraulics
Hydraulic Design Steps - CORRECT ANSWER-1. Layout heads
2. Head inventory
3. Group in Zones
--Determine limiting gpm from WM & service line
4. Layout Pipe
--Put valve in middle & closer to side with less gpm to make the critical head calculations easier.
5. Size pipe
--Start at a dead end.
--Work towards the water source.
--Don't size a pipe unless everything downstream has been sized.
--Make mainlines 1" or larger
6. Check Critical Head
--L. F. D. 100. I. A. (Ladies Fall Down 100x In Abeline)
--Length of pipe, Flow, Diameter of pipe, pressure loss per 100', Item loss, Accumulated loss
--LFD. Use Design
--100. Uses Reference Charts
--I. Use #s from LFD & 100 for Item loss.
--A. Add losses from I.
--Other Equations. Use DP (Design Pressure) & AHP (Actual Head Pressure) to determine if the zone
works.
, 7. Schedule
--Determine precipitation rate
C-Factorv-vCORRECTvANSWER-Ratingvofvthevsmoothnessvofvthevinsidevofvthevpipe.v
HighervC-factorv=vsmoother
PVCvisv150.vCoppervisv140.
Generallyvdecreasesvovervtimevmeaningvthevpipevgetsvroughervandvmorevfrictionvloss.
Densogramv-vCORRECTvANSWER-Graphicvviewvofvprecipitationvtovcheckvuniformity.
Highervratesvarevdarker.
DistributionvUniformityv(DU)v-vCORRECTvANSWER-
Uniformityvofvdistributionvofvwatervovervavgivenvareavasvav%.v
Foundvbyvdoingvavcatchvcanvtest.
Closervtov100%visvbettervwithv75%-80%vexcellent,v65%-75%vgoodvandv<65%vpoor.
DynamicvWaterv-vCORRECTvANSWER-Watervinvmotion
DynamicvPressurev(WorkingvPressure)v-vCORRECTvANSWER-Pressurevofvwatervinvmotion.v
Pressurevleftvwehnvallvpressurevlossesvarevsubtractedvfromvstaticvpressure.
ElevationvGainv&vLossv-vCORRECTvANSWER-Pressurevgainvorvlossvofv0.433vpsivforveachv1'vofvelevation.
Hydraulics
Hydraulic Design Steps - CORRECT ANSWER-1. Layout heads
2. Head inventory
3. Group in Zones
--Determine limiting gpm from WM & service line
4. Layout Pipe
--Put valve in middle & closer to side with less gpm to make the critical head calculations easier.
5. Size pipe
--Start at a dead end.
--Work towards the water source.
--Don't size a pipe unless everything downstream has been sized.
--Make mainlines 1" or larger
6. Check Critical Head
--L. F. D. 100. I. A. (Ladies Fall Down 100x In Abeline)
--Length of pipe, Flow, Diameter of pipe, pressure loss per 100', Item loss, Accumulated loss
--LFD. Use Design
--100. Uses Reference Charts
--I. Use #s from LFD & 100 for Item loss.
--A. Add losses from I.
--Other Equations. Use DP (Design Pressure) & AHP (Actual Head Pressure) to determine if the zone
works.
, 7. Schedule
--Determine precipitation rate
C-Factorv-vCORRECTvANSWER-Ratingvofvthevsmoothnessvofvthevinsidevofvthevpipe.v
HighervC-factorv=vsmoother
PVCvisv150.vCoppervisv140.
Generallyvdecreasesvovervtimevmeaningvthevpipevgetsvroughervandvmorevfrictionvloss.
Densogramv-vCORRECTvANSWER-Graphicvviewvofvprecipitationvtovcheckvuniformity.
Highervratesvarevdarker.
DistributionvUniformityv(DU)v-vCORRECTvANSWER-
Uniformityvofvdistributionvofvwatervovervavgivenvareavasvav%.v
Foundvbyvdoingvavcatchvcanvtest.
Closervtov100%visvbettervwithv75%-80%vexcellent,v65%-75%vgoodvandv<65%vpoor.
DynamicvWaterv-vCORRECTvANSWER-Watervinvmotion
DynamicvPressurev(WorkingvPressure)v-vCORRECTvANSWER-Pressurevofvwatervinvmotion.v
Pressurevleftvwehnvallvpressurevlossesvarevsubtractedvfromvstaticvpressure.
ElevationvGainv&vLossv-vCORRECTvANSWER-Pressurevgainvorvlossvofv0.433vpsivforveachv1'vofvelevation.
