Renal EAQ EXAM 2025 QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS
The registered nurse discusses normal renal function with the client. Which statements made
by the client are correct regarding regulatory functions of the kidney?
Regulatory Role:
A) "They play a role in acid-base balance."
B) "They play a role in fluid and electrolyte balance."
Hormonal Role:
"They play a role in erythropoiesis."
"They play a role in vitamin D activation."
"They play a role in blood pressure regulation." - ANS AB) Maintaining the acid-base balance
of the body by selectively reabsorbing and secreting certain substances from the blood is a
regulatory function of the kidneys.
The kidneys also perform the regulatory function of electrolyte balance by regulating the
reabsorption of certain electrolytes while eliminating others depending on their levels in the
serum.
The kidneys perform hormonal function by secreting a hormone called erythropoietin that aids
in synthesis of red blood cells (erythropoiesis).
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, Activation of vitamin D is a hormonal function of the kidneys.
The kidneys perform hormonal function by secreting the hormone renin that assists in blood
pressure control.
What are the general manifestations associated with clients who have urinary system
disorders?
Excessive thirst
Nausea and vomiting
Elevated blood pressure - ANS The general manifestations associated with urinary system
disorders include excessive thirst, nausea and vomiting, and elevated blood pressure. The
specific manifestations associated with urinary system disorders include facial edema and stress
incontinence.
A client is diagnosed as having kidney failure. During the oliguric phase, what should the nurse
assess for in this client?
Hypothermia
Hyperkalemia
Hypocalcemia
Hypernatremia - ANS Hyperkalemia. The kidneys retain potassium during the oliguric phase
of kidney failure; an elevated potassium level is one of the main indicators of the need for
dialysis. Hypothermia does not occur. Hypercalcemia occurs, not hypocalcemia. Hyponatremia
occurs, not hypernatremia.
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Which part of the reproductive system secretes androgens in female clients?
@COPYRIGHT BRAINBARTER 2025/2026
, Uterus
Ovaries
Fallopian tube
Ovarian follicle - ANS The ovaries and adrenal glands produce androgens in women. The
fetus develops in the uterus during pregnancy. Fallopian tubes facilitate fertilization of oocyte
and sperm. Ovarian follicle is a collection of oocytes in the ovary.
A nurse is providing preoperative teaching for a client who is scheduled for a transurethral
resection of the prostate. Which should the nurse include in the teaching session?
The urine will be bright red for 24 to 48 hours.
Spasms of the bladder occur during the first 24 to 48 hours.
To decrease bladder contractions, the Valsalva maneuver and Kegel exercises will be
encouraged.
To maintain proper fluid balance, oral fluids are restricted during continuous urinary bladder
irrigations. - ANS Spasms result from irritation of the bladder during surgery; they decrease
in intensity and frequency as healing occurs. Bright red urine for 24 to 48 hours is too long; this
indicates hemorrhage. Drainage should be dark red at first and after the first few hours
gradually turn pink. The Valsalva maneuver should be avoided, because it may initiate prostatic
bleeding, not bladder contractions. The presence of continuous bladder irrigation (CBI) is
unrelated to the amount of oral fluids that should be consumed; once the CBI is discontinued,
oral fluids should be encouraged.
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Page
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, The nurse is caring for a client in the postanesthesia care unit. The client had a suprapubic
prostatectomy for cancer of the prostate and has a continuous bladder irrigation (CBI) in place.
Which primary goal is the nurse trying to achieve with the CBI?
Stimulate continuous formation of urine.
Facilitate the measurement of urinary output.
Prevent the development of clots in the bladder.
Provide continuous pressure on the prostatic fossa. - ANS A continuous flushing of the
bladder dilutes the bloody urine and empties the bladder, preventing clots. Fluid instilled into
the bladder does not affect kidney function. Urinary output can be measured regardless of the
amount of fluid instilled. The urinary retention catheter is not designed to exert pressure on the
prostatic fossa.
A client with chronic kidney disease is admitted to the hospital with severe infection and
anemia. The client is depressed and irritable. The client's spouse asks the nurse about the
anticipated plan of care. Which is an appropriate nursing response?
"The staff will provide total care, because the infection causes severe fatigue."
"Mood elevators will be prescribed to improve depression and irritability."
"Vitamin B<sub>12</sub> will be prescribed for the anemia, and the stools will be dark."
"The intake of meat, eggs, and cheese will be restricted so the kidneys can clear the body of
waste products." - ANS One of the kidney's functions is to excrete nitrogenous waste from
protein metabolism; restriction of protein intake decreases the workload of the damaged
kidneys. The client is encouraged to be as active and independent as possible. Medications are
4
Page
avoided because they may mask symptoms. Iron and folic acid supplements are used for
@COPYRIGHT BRAINBARTER 2025/2026
ANSWERS
The registered nurse discusses normal renal function with the client. Which statements made
by the client are correct regarding regulatory functions of the kidney?
Regulatory Role:
A) "They play a role in acid-base balance."
B) "They play a role in fluid and electrolyte balance."
Hormonal Role:
"They play a role in erythropoiesis."
"They play a role in vitamin D activation."
"They play a role in blood pressure regulation." - ANS AB) Maintaining the acid-base balance
of the body by selectively reabsorbing and secreting certain substances from the blood is a
regulatory function of the kidneys.
The kidneys also perform the regulatory function of electrolyte balance by regulating the
reabsorption of certain electrolytes while eliminating others depending on their levels in the
serum.
The kidneys perform hormonal function by secreting a hormone called erythropoietin that aids
in synthesis of red blood cells (erythropoiesis).
1
Page
@COPYRIGHT BRAINBARTER 2025/2026
, Activation of vitamin D is a hormonal function of the kidneys.
The kidneys perform hormonal function by secreting the hormone renin that assists in blood
pressure control.
What are the general manifestations associated with clients who have urinary system
disorders?
Excessive thirst
Nausea and vomiting
Elevated blood pressure - ANS The general manifestations associated with urinary system
disorders include excessive thirst, nausea and vomiting, and elevated blood pressure. The
specific manifestations associated with urinary system disorders include facial edema and stress
incontinence.
A client is diagnosed as having kidney failure. During the oliguric phase, what should the nurse
assess for in this client?
Hypothermia
Hyperkalemia
Hypocalcemia
Hypernatremia - ANS Hyperkalemia. The kidneys retain potassium during the oliguric phase
of kidney failure; an elevated potassium level is one of the main indicators of the need for
dialysis. Hypothermia does not occur. Hypercalcemia occurs, not hypocalcemia. Hyponatremia
occurs, not hypernatremia.
2
Page
Which part of the reproductive system secretes androgens in female clients?
@COPYRIGHT BRAINBARTER 2025/2026
, Uterus
Ovaries
Fallopian tube
Ovarian follicle - ANS The ovaries and adrenal glands produce androgens in women. The
fetus develops in the uterus during pregnancy. Fallopian tubes facilitate fertilization of oocyte
and sperm. Ovarian follicle is a collection of oocytes in the ovary.
A nurse is providing preoperative teaching for a client who is scheduled for a transurethral
resection of the prostate. Which should the nurse include in the teaching session?
The urine will be bright red for 24 to 48 hours.
Spasms of the bladder occur during the first 24 to 48 hours.
To decrease bladder contractions, the Valsalva maneuver and Kegel exercises will be
encouraged.
To maintain proper fluid balance, oral fluids are restricted during continuous urinary bladder
irrigations. - ANS Spasms result from irritation of the bladder during surgery; they decrease
in intensity and frequency as healing occurs. Bright red urine for 24 to 48 hours is too long; this
indicates hemorrhage. Drainage should be dark red at first and after the first few hours
gradually turn pink. The Valsalva maneuver should be avoided, because it may initiate prostatic
bleeding, not bladder contractions. The presence of continuous bladder irrigation (CBI) is
unrelated to the amount of oral fluids that should be consumed; once the CBI is discontinued,
oral fluids should be encouraged.
3
Page
@COPYRIGHT BRAINBARTER 2025/2026
, The nurse is caring for a client in the postanesthesia care unit. The client had a suprapubic
prostatectomy for cancer of the prostate and has a continuous bladder irrigation (CBI) in place.
Which primary goal is the nurse trying to achieve with the CBI?
Stimulate continuous formation of urine.
Facilitate the measurement of urinary output.
Prevent the development of clots in the bladder.
Provide continuous pressure on the prostatic fossa. - ANS A continuous flushing of the
bladder dilutes the bloody urine and empties the bladder, preventing clots. Fluid instilled into
the bladder does not affect kidney function. Urinary output can be measured regardless of the
amount of fluid instilled. The urinary retention catheter is not designed to exert pressure on the
prostatic fossa.
A client with chronic kidney disease is admitted to the hospital with severe infection and
anemia. The client is depressed and irritable. The client's spouse asks the nurse about the
anticipated plan of care. Which is an appropriate nursing response?
"The staff will provide total care, because the infection causes severe fatigue."
"Mood elevators will be prescribed to improve depression and irritability."
"Vitamin B<sub>12</sub> will be prescribed for the anemia, and the stools will be dark."
"The intake of meat, eggs, and cheese will be restricted so the kidneys can clear the body of
waste products." - ANS One of the kidney's functions is to excrete nitrogenous waste from
protein metabolism; restriction of protein intake decreases the workload of the damaged
kidneys. The client is encouraged to be as active and independent as possible. Medications are
4
Page
avoided because they may mask symptoms. Iron and folic acid supplements are used for
@COPYRIGHT BRAINBARTER 2025/2026
