NURS 5315: Advanced Pathophysiology
UTA Exam 1 Q & As Latest Update
2025/2026
Description:
This document contains the latest updated set of Exam 1 questions
and answers for NURS 5315 Advanced Pathophysiology at the
University of Texas at Arlington for the 2025/2026 academic year.
It covers key pathophysiology concepts such as cancer biology and
metastasis, acid-base balance, fluid and electrolyte regulation,
hypoxic injury, cell adaptation, and hepatocellular damage. The
material is structured in a Q&A format, making it highly useful for
focused exam preparation.
Exam Questions and Answers:
Effect on oxaloacetate --- correct answer ---Oxaloacetate is also
used in gluconeogenesis, during starvation & uncontrolled DM
oxaloacetate levels are insufficient due to gluconeogenesis... this
depletion furthers the amount of acetyl-CoA
Alpha Fetoprotein (AFP) --- correct answer ---Liver and germ cell
tumors
,Carcinoembryonic Antigen CEA --- correct answer ---GI, pancreas,
lung, breast, ect tumors
Beta Human Chorionic gonadotropin B-hCG origin --- correct
answer ---Germ cell tumors
Prostate Specific Antigen PSA --- correct answer ---Prostate tumors
Carcino- (prefix) --- correct answer ---arise from epithelial tissue
Sarco- (prefix) --- correct answer ---connective tissue (muscle and
bone tissue)
malignant cancers of the skeletal muscle are known as
rhabdomyosarcomas
adeno (prefix) --- correct answer ---arise from ductal or glandular
structures
Carcinoma in Situ --- correct answer ----preinvasive epithelial
malignant tumors of glandular or squamous cell origin
-# of sites including cervix, skin, oral cavity, esophagus and
bronchus
,in breast, ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) fills the mammary ducts
but has not progressed to local tissue invasion
-blastoma (suffix) --- correct answer ---originates from precursor
cells or blasts (immature or embryonic tissue).
Ex: children, neuroblastoma, retinoblastoma
Lung Sites of Metastasis --- correct answer ---multiple organs,
including brain
Colorectal Sites of Metastasis --- correct answer ---liver, lungs
Testicular Sites of Metastasis --- correct answer ---lungs, liver,
brain
Prostate Sites of Metastasis --- correct answer ---bones (especially
lumbar spine), liver
Head and Neck Sites of Metastasis --- correct answer ---lymphatics,
liver, bones
Ovarian Sites of Metastasis --- correct answer ---peritoneal
surfaces, diaphragm, omentum, liver
, Sarcoma Sites of Metastasis --- correct answer ---lungs
Melanoma Sites of Metastasis --- correct answer ---in transit
lymphatics, lung, liver, brain, GI tract
Local invasion: --- correct answer ---Cancer cells invade nearby
normal tissue.
Intravasation: --- correct answer ---Cancer cells invade and move
through the walls of nearby lymph vessels or blood vessels.
Circulation: --- correct answer ---Cancer cells move through the
lymphatic system and the bloodstream to other parts of the body.
Arrest and extravasation: --- correct answer ---Cancer cells stop
moving, in small blood vessels called capillaries at a distant
location. They then invade the walls of the capillaries and migrate
into the surrounding tissue
Proliferation: --- correct answer ---Cancer cells multiply at the
distant location to form small tumors known as micrometastases.
UTA Exam 1 Q & As Latest Update
2025/2026
Description:
This document contains the latest updated set of Exam 1 questions
and answers for NURS 5315 Advanced Pathophysiology at the
University of Texas at Arlington for the 2025/2026 academic year.
It covers key pathophysiology concepts such as cancer biology and
metastasis, acid-base balance, fluid and electrolyte regulation,
hypoxic injury, cell adaptation, and hepatocellular damage. The
material is structured in a Q&A format, making it highly useful for
focused exam preparation.
Exam Questions and Answers:
Effect on oxaloacetate --- correct answer ---Oxaloacetate is also
used in gluconeogenesis, during starvation & uncontrolled DM
oxaloacetate levels are insufficient due to gluconeogenesis... this
depletion furthers the amount of acetyl-CoA
Alpha Fetoprotein (AFP) --- correct answer ---Liver and germ cell
tumors
,Carcinoembryonic Antigen CEA --- correct answer ---GI, pancreas,
lung, breast, ect tumors
Beta Human Chorionic gonadotropin B-hCG origin --- correct
answer ---Germ cell tumors
Prostate Specific Antigen PSA --- correct answer ---Prostate tumors
Carcino- (prefix) --- correct answer ---arise from epithelial tissue
Sarco- (prefix) --- correct answer ---connective tissue (muscle and
bone tissue)
malignant cancers of the skeletal muscle are known as
rhabdomyosarcomas
adeno (prefix) --- correct answer ---arise from ductal or glandular
structures
Carcinoma in Situ --- correct answer ----preinvasive epithelial
malignant tumors of glandular or squamous cell origin
-# of sites including cervix, skin, oral cavity, esophagus and
bronchus
,in breast, ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) fills the mammary ducts
but has not progressed to local tissue invasion
-blastoma (suffix) --- correct answer ---originates from precursor
cells or blasts (immature or embryonic tissue).
Ex: children, neuroblastoma, retinoblastoma
Lung Sites of Metastasis --- correct answer ---multiple organs,
including brain
Colorectal Sites of Metastasis --- correct answer ---liver, lungs
Testicular Sites of Metastasis --- correct answer ---lungs, liver,
brain
Prostate Sites of Metastasis --- correct answer ---bones (especially
lumbar spine), liver
Head and Neck Sites of Metastasis --- correct answer ---lymphatics,
liver, bones
Ovarian Sites of Metastasis --- correct answer ---peritoneal
surfaces, diaphragm, omentum, liver
, Sarcoma Sites of Metastasis --- correct answer ---lungs
Melanoma Sites of Metastasis --- correct answer ---in transit
lymphatics, lung, liver, brain, GI tract
Local invasion: --- correct answer ---Cancer cells invade nearby
normal tissue.
Intravasation: --- correct answer ---Cancer cells invade and move
through the walls of nearby lymph vessels or blood vessels.
Circulation: --- correct answer ---Cancer cells move through the
lymphatic system and the bloodstream to other parts of the body.
Arrest and extravasation: --- correct answer ---Cancer cells stop
moving, in small blood vessels called capillaries at a distant
location. They then invade the walls of the capillaries and migrate
into the surrounding tissue
Proliferation: --- correct answer ---Cancer cells multiply at the
distant location to form small tumors known as micrometastases.
