BIO 182 EXAM 3 2025 Questions and
Answers 100% Pass
True or False
The greatest density of species occurs at the North Pole. - ANSWER-False
What is the tragedy of the commons? - ANSWER-the tendency for a common
resource to be overused
True or false: cheating ( free riding) confers the smallest benefit when most of the
group cooperate to invest? - ANSWER-False. when more ppl invest, there is a
higher benefit for the freeloaders
true or false: punishment creates a cost that balances the benefit of selfishness -
ANSWER-True
how can we promote a cooperation on a larger scale - ANSWER-rebates( benefits)
for participants
punishment for non-participants
what are 3 strategies for when species numbers are getting low - ANSWER-
Captive breeding
COPYRIGHT ©️ 2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED...TRUSTED & VERIFIED 1
,DNA banks
protection
Extinction due to 3 human activities - ANSWER-hunting, habitat destruction,
global warming
True or False: if productivity enhances diversity, one should see more species in
deep tropical waters than along shallow coastlines - ANSWER-false we see more
productivity in deep tropical waters, BUT we predict that shallow coastlines should
rather have it
true or false: Primary productivity is likely necessary, but insufficient condition for
biodiversity - ANSWER-true
true or false: greater productivity could support more individuals of a species
without supporting more species - ANSWER-true. just b/c you have a huge
amount of primary productivity does not mean it would give more amount of
species. it could simply have more individuals from the same species
More productivity = more organisms, but it is not equal to________ - ANSWER-
more species
why is the more speciation at the equator - ANSWER-temperatures are stable=
more specialized organisms
no change in temperatures in high or low altitude
COPYRIGHT ©️ 2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED...TRUSTED & VERIFIED 2
,increased cost to dispersal over a climate gradient=> low gene flow=> high
alopatric speciation=> ___________ - ANSWER-very sensitive to climate
changes
you have to be a _______ to survive changes - ANSWER-generalist ( BUT species
in tropics are specialists)
Low Latitiudes= _________thermal niches
High Latitudes= __________thermal niches - ANSWER-narrow
broad
true or false: a more specialized species should occur over a narrow range of
altitude or latitude - ANSWER-true for both altitude and latitude
primary consumers - ANSWER-first organisms in the chain to eat the other
organisms
eat the photosynthetic organisms = herbivores
Tropical species have the _______ latitudional ranges
Species at high latitudes have the _______ latitudional ranges - ANSWER-lowest
highest
greenhouse effect - ANSWER-warming/heat that results when solar radiation is
trapped by the atmosphere
what is anthropogenic - ANSWER-caused by humans
COPYRIGHT ©️ 2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED...TRUSTED & VERIFIED 3
, the rate of global warming appears to be accelerated in the _____ ( consequences)
- ANSWER-arctic ( ice melting, island and species disappearance, overabundance
of salt water, shortage of fresh water )
what type of niches are used to predict responses to climate change ( climate
envelope model) - ANSWER-realized ( fundamental would be better)
true / false:
in the experiment with water fleas, the phenotypic difference between the two sets
of population could have resulted from plasticity instead of evolution - ANSWER-
false, b/c it was several generation further and not within one generation.
what 7 factors determine whether a species can adapt to an environmental change -
ANSWER-1) high recombination ( sexual reproduction)
2) niche width ( intermediate)
3) rate of warming ( low)
4) population size ( large)
5) net immigration ( high)
6) generation time (low)
7) mutation rate ( high)
Adaptation to climate change will depend on factors that influence what 4 factors -
ANSWER-mutation
COPYRIGHT ©️ 2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED...TRUSTED & VERIFIED 4
Answers 100% Pass
True or False
The greatest density of species occurs at the North Pole. - ANSWER-False
What is the tragedy of the commons? - ANSWER-the tendency for a common
resource to be overused
True or false: cheating ( free riding) confers the smallest benefit when most of the
group cooperate to invest? - ANSWER-False. when more ppl invest, there is a
higher benefit for the freeloaders
true or false: punishment creates a cost that balances the benefit of selfishness -
ANSWER-True
how can we promote a cooperation on a larger scale - ANSWER-rebates( benefits)
for participants
punishment for non-participants
what are 3 strategies for when species numbers are getting low - ANSWER-
Captive breeding
COPYRIGHT ©️ 2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED...TRUSTED & VERIFIED 1
,DNA banks
protection
Extinction due to 3 human activities - ANSWER-hunting, habitat destruction,
global warming
True or False: if productivity enhances diversity, one should see more species in
deep tropical waters than along shallow coastlines - ANSWER-false we see more
productivity in deep tropical waters, BUT we predict that shallow coastlines should
rather have it
true or false: Primary productivity is likely necessary, but insufficient condition for
biodiversity - ANSWER-true
true or false: greater productivity could support more individuals of a species
without supporting more species - ANSWER-true. just b/c you have a huge
amount of primary productivity does not mean it would give more amount of
species. it could simply have more individuals from the same species
More productivity = more organisms, but it is not equal to________ - ANSWER-
more species
why is the more speciation at the equator - ANSWER-temperatures are stable=
more specialized organisms
no change in temperatures in high or low altitude
COPYRIGHT ©️ 2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED...TRUSTED & VERIFIED 2
,increased cost to dispersal over a climate gradient=> low gene flow=> high
alopatric speciation=> ___________ - ANSWER-very sensitive to climate
changes
you have to be a _______ to survive changes - ANSWER-generalist ( BUT species
in tropics are specialists)
Low Latitiudes= _________thermal niches
High Latitudes= __________thermal niches - ANSWER-narrow
broad
true or false: a more specialized species should occur over a narrow range of
altitude or latitude - ANSWER-true for both altitude and latitude
primary consumers - ANSWER-first organisms in the chain to eat the other
organisms
eat the photosynthetic organisms = herbivores
Tropical species have the _______ latitudional ranges
Species at high latitudes have the _______ latitudional ranges - ANSWER-lowest
highest
greenhouse effect - ANSWER-warming/heat that results when solar radiation is
trapped by the atmosphere
what is anthropogenic - ANSWER-caused by humans
COPYRIGHT ©️ 2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED...TRUSTED & VERIFIED 3
, the rate of global warming appears to be accelerated in the _____ ( consequences)
- ANSWER-arctic ( ice melting, island and species disappearance, overabundance
of salt water, shortage of fresh water )
what type of niches are used to predict responses to climate change ( climate
envelope model) - ANSWER-realized ( fundamental would be better)
true / false:
in the experiment with water fleas, the phenotypic difference between the two sets
of population could have resulted from plasticity instead of evolution - ANSWER-
false, b/c it was several generation further and not within one generation.
what 7 factors determine whether a species can adapt to an environmental change -
ANSWER-1) high recombination ( sexual reproduction)
2) niche width ( intermediate)
3) rate of warming ( low)
4) population size ( large)
5) net immigration ( high)
6) generation time (low)
7) mutation rate ( high)
Adaptation to climate change will depend on factors that influence what 4 factors -
ANSWER-mutation
COPYRIGHT ©️ 2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED...TRUSTED & VERIFIED 4
