BICH 411 POZZI TEST 1 QUESTIONS
WITH CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS
enol pyruvate -> pyruvate (tautomerization) - Answer- What intermediate does pyruvate
kinase undergo?
if pyruvate kinase is phosphorylated, it will be INACTIVE - Answer- What covalent
modification does pyruvate kinase have?
F16BP
AMP - Answer- What are allosteric activators of pyruvate kinase?
Alanine
Acetyl CoA
ATP - Answer- What are allosteric deactivators of pyruvate kinase?
making 2,3BPG during pyruvate kinase reaction
PPP - Answer- What are the two detours for glycolysis?
Pyruvate -> L-Lactate
NADH -> NAD+ - Answer- What does lactate dehydrogenase do?
it goes back into glycolysis pathway to assist GAP dehydrogenase - Answer- What does
the NAD+ generated by lactate dehydrogenase do?
Pyruvate -> Acetaldehyde + CO2 - Answer- What does pyruvate decarboxylase do?
TPP (thiamine pyro phosphate)
every carboxylase/decarboxylase needs TPP - Answer- What coenzyme does pyruvate
decarboxylase require?
beri-beri
a neruological disturbance that causes pain, paralysis, and cardiac failure - Answer-
What happens when one is deficient in thiamine?
people who only eat white rice
, alcoholics - Answer- Who is typically deficient in thiamine?
Acetaldehyde -> Ethanol
NADH -> NAD+ - Answer- What does yeast alcohol dehydrogenase do?
Ethanol -> Acetlaldehyde - Answer- What does liver alcohol dehydrogenase do?
humans have ADH because acetaldehyde is toxic and we would get drunk when we
work out - Answer- Do humans have pyruvate decarboxylase or alcohol
dehydrogenase? Why?
aerobic generates more ATP in one round of glucose breakdown but is a lot slower
anaerobic generates less ATP but is a lot faster, getting more ATP in the same time
period - Answer- What is the difference between aerobic vs anaerobic glucose
metabolism?
Fructose becomes F6P in the muscle (w/ hexokinase) or becomes GAP in the liver
Galactose becomes G6P via Leloir pathway
Mannose becomes F6P - Answer- How are other sugar substrates (besides glucose)
used in glycolysis?
muscle pain - Answer- What does high levels of lactate do?
Pyruvate -> Glucose - Answer- What is gluconeogenesis?
during fasting conditions - Answer- What body conditions does GNG typically occur?
160 g (75% go to the brain) - Answer- How much grams of glucose do humans
consume a day?
in the liver because they make their own glucose and can share with other parts of body
in kidneys because without glucose, kidney will shut down or kidney stones form -
Answer- Where does glucose synthesis typically happen? Why?
pyruvate carboxylase
PEPCK
Fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase
WITH CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS
enol pyruvate -> pyruvate (tautomerization) - Answer- What intermediate does pyruvate
kinase undergo?
if pyruvate kinase is phosphorylated, it will be INACTIVE - Answer- What covalent
modification does pyruvate kinase have?
F16BP
AMP - Answer- What are allosteric activators of pyruvate kinase?
Alanine
Acetyl CoA
ATP - Answer- What are allosteric deactivators of pyruvate kinase?
making 2,3BPG during pyruvate kinase reaction
PPP - Answer- What are the two detours for glycolysis?
Pyruvate -> L-Lactate
NADH -> NAD+ - Answer- What does lactate dehydrogenase do?
it goes back into glycolysis pathway to assist GAP dehydrogenase - Answer- What does
the NAD+ generated by lactate dehydrogenase do?
Pyruvate -> Acetaldehyde + CO2 - Answer- What does pyruvate decarboxylase do?
TPP (thiamine pyro phosphate)
every carboxylase/decarboxylase needs TPP - Answer- What coenzyme does pyruvate
decarboxylase require?
beri-beri
a neruological disturbance that causes pain, paralysis, and cardiac failure - Answer-
What happens when one is deficient in thiamine?
people who only eat white rice
, alcoholics - Answer- Who is typically deficient in thiamine?
Acetaldehyde -> Ethanol
NADH -> NAD+ - Answer- What does yeast alcohol dehydrogenase do?
Ethanol -> Acetlaldehyde - Answer- What does liver alcohol dehydrogenase do?
humans have ADH because acetaldehyde is toxic and we would get drunk when we
work out - Answer- Do humans have pyruvate decarboxylase or alcohol
dehydrogenase? Why?
aerobic generates more ATP in one round of glucose breakdown but is a lot slower
anaerobic generates less ATP but is a lot faster, getting more ATP in the same time
period - Answer- What is the difference between aerobic vs anaerobic glucose
metabolism?
Fructose becomes F6P in the muscle (w/ hexokinase) or becomes GAP in the liver
Galactose becomes G6P via Leloir pathway
Mannose becomes F6P - Answer- How are other sugar substrates (besides glucose)
used in glycolysis?
muscle pain - Answer- What does high levels of lactate do?
Pyruvate -> Glucose - Answer- What is gluconeogenesis?
during fasting conditions - Answer- What body conditions does GNG typically occur?
160 g (75% go to the brain) - Answer- How much grams of glucose do humans
consume a day?
in the liver because they make their own glucose and can share with other parts of body
in kidneys because without glucose, kidney will shut down or kidney stones form -
Answer- Where does glucose synthesis typically happen? Why?
pyruvate carboxylase
PEPCK
Fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase
