REN R 462 EXAM QUESTIONS WITH 100%
C0RRECT ANSWERS
Protected area types - ✔✔Park, Reserve, Preserve, Refuge, Sanctuary, Commons
Protected area - ✔✔An area that is more or less natural-looking , and which is intended to
stay that way well into the foreseeable future, with at least some formal restrictions on
development.
Parkland - ✔✔a landscape featuring open meadows, patches of trees, streams, and small
lakes. It is the European ideal on which many of our manicured parks are based.
Aspen Parkland - ✔✔the area around Edmonton, characterized before agriculture by grassy
meadows and clumps of aspen poplar, maintained over time by frequent fires. Increasingly
maintained by agriculture.
What is the central concept for National parks in Canada and US? - ✔✔Ecological Integrity
Integrity - ✔✔Things that are integral; essential components of an overall system that holds
together when it has integrity.
Who referred to maintaining ecological integrity as "first law of successful tinkering is to save all
the parts" - ✔✔Aldo Leopold
Ecological Integrity (US National Parks) - ✔✔A concept that expresses the degree to which
the physical, chemical, and biological components (including composition, structure, and
process) of an ecosystem and their relationships are present, functioning, and capable of self-
renewal. Ecological integrity implies the presence of appropriate species, populations and
communities and the occurrence of ecological processes at appropriate rates and scales as well
as the environmental conditions that support these taxa and processes.
, Ecological Integrity (Canada National Parks Act) - ✔✔Ecological integrity means with respect
to a park, a condition that is determined to be characteristic of its natural region and likely to
persist, including abiotic components and the composition and abundance of native species and
biological communities, rates of change, and supporting processes.
What is Parks Canada's objective? - ✔✔to allow people to enjoy national parks as special
places without damaging their integrity. In other words, ecological integrity is our endpoint for
park management; ecosystem management is the process used to get there.
3 p's of ecological integrity (Joyce Hildebrand) - ✔✔persisting
parts
processes
Persisting - ✔✔enduring over time and in a given place.
Parts - ✔✔a variety of different species or biodiversity.
Processes - ✔✔interactions of the parts with each other and with the surrounding soil,
water, and air.
2 things that characterize integrity - ✔✔1) particular species and their abundances
2) chaotic abiotic events to which some organisms are adapted (usually facultatively)
Ecosystems can be seen as either: - ✔✔1) Composed of processes/functions, that can be
performed by a variety of species
or
C0RRECT ANSWERS
Protected area types - ✔✔Park, Reserve, Preserve, Refuge, Sanctuary, Commons
Protected area - ✔✔An area that is more or less natural-looking , and which is intended to
stay that way well into the foreseeable future, with at least some formal restrictions on
development.
Parkland - ✔✔a landscape featuring open meadows, patches of trees, streams, and small
lakes. It is the European ideal on which many of our manicured parks are based.
Aspen Parkland - ✔✔the area around Edmonton, characterized before agriculture by grassy
meadows and clumps of aspen poplar, maintained over time by frequent fires. Increasingly
maintained by agriculture.
What is the central concept for National parks in Canada and US? - ✔✔Ecological Integrity
Integrity - ✔✔Things that are integral; essential components of an overall system that holds
together when it has integrity.
Who referred to maintaining ecological integrity as "first law of successful tinkering is to save all
the parts" - ✔✔Aldo Leopold
Ecological Integrity (US National Parks) - ✔✔A concept that expresses the degree to which
the physical, chemical, and biological components (including composition, structure, and
process) of an ecosystem and their relationships are present, functioning, and capable of self-
renewal. Ecological integrity implies the presence of appropriate species, populations and
communities and the occurrence of ecological processes at appropriate rates and scales as well
as the environmental conditions that support these taxa and processes.
, Ecological Integrity (Canada National Parks Act) - ✔✔Ecological integrity means with respect
to a park, a condition that is determined to be characteristic of its natural region and likely to
persist, including abiotic components and the composition and abundance of native species and
biological communities, rates of change, and supporting processes.
What is Parks Canada's objective? - ✔✔to allow people to enjoy national parks as special
places without damaging their integrity. In other words, ecological integrity is our endpoint for
park management; ecosystem management is the process used to get there.
3 p's of ecological integrity (Joyce Hildebrand) - ✔✔persisting
parts
processes
Persisting - ✔✔enduring over time and in a given place.
Parts - ✔✔a variety of different species or biodiversity.
Processes - ✔✔interactions of the parts with each other and with the surrounding soil,
water, and air.
2 things that characterize integrity - ✔✔1) particular species and their abundances
2) chaotic abiotic events to which some organisms are adapted (usually facultatively)
Ecosystems can be seen as either: - ✔✔1) Composed of processes/functions, that can be
performed by a variety of species
or
