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Understand the significance of Darwin's finches - correct answer -
Adaptation of beak shape in association with each island. This makes them
more "fit" for their environments (ex. Food source that is available on each
island)
This was a result of natural selection
Maximized fitness
Darwin's finches represent... - correct answer - adaptive radiation
Adaptive radiation - correct answer - divergence of a single group/species,
each better suited to survive in its specific niche. Split into a series of
distinct but related species/groups
Phenotype vs genotype - correct answer - Phenotypic diversity results from
genetic diversity: diff. genes = diff. traits
,Genetic diversity - correct answer - variation of genes between individuals
of a species in a population
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Translation - correct answer - process in which ribosomes synthesize
proteins after the process of transcription
ALX1 - correct answer - One of the genes in region D in Darwin's Finches
Also affects frog development, human cleft palate, known in birds for beak
development
Transcription Factor - correct answer - Protein that binds to DNA to initiate
(or inhibit) expression of other genes (ex. ALX1)
Central Dogma - correct answer - Flow of genetic information (DNA, RNA,
proteins)
Genes code for proteins via transcription and translation
DNA - correct answer - double-stranded helix of nucleic acids
Chromosome - correct answer - single, large DNA molecule that is
inherited
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Gene - correct answer - Functional region of a chromosome
Locus (Loci) - correct answer - a gene, a location on a chromosome
Polymer vs Monomer - correct answer - Polymer: macromolecule made of
smaller subunits
Monomer: smaller building-block molecules
Ex. nucleic acids are composed of nucleotides
All nucleotides have the same general, 3-Part structure (dNTP) - correct
answer - Deoxyribonucleotide Triphosphate
Deoxyribose sugar
Ribose: 5'-C sugar
Triphosphate: α, β, γ phosphates
Bonded to 5'-C
Nucleotide base = Nitrogenous base
Bonded to 1'-C, diff. between nucleotides
Understand the significance of Darwin's finches - correct answer -
Adaptation of beak shape in association with each island. This makes them
more "fit" for their environments (ex. Food source that is available on each
island)
This was a result of natural selection
Maximized fitness
Darwin's finches represent... - correct answer - adaptive radiation
Adaptive radiation - correct answer - divergence of a single group/species,
each better suited to survive in its specific niche. Split into a series of
distinct but related species/groups
Phenotype vs genotype - correct answer - Phenotypic diversity results from
genetic diversity: diff. genes = diff. traits
,Genetic diversity - correct answer - variation of genes between individuals
of a species in a population
, Page |2
Translation - correct answer - process in which ribosomes synthesize
proteins after the process of transcription
ALX1 - correct answer - One of the genes in region D in Darwin's Finches
Also affects frog development, human cleft palate, known in birds for beak
development
Transcription Factor - correct answer - Protein that binds to DNA to initiate
(or inhibit) expression of other genes (ex. ALX1)
Central Dogma - correct answer - Flow of genetic information (DNA, RNA,
proteins)
Genes code for proteins via transcription and translation
DNA - correct answer - double-stranded helix of nucleic acids
Chromosome - correct answer - single, large DNA molecule that is
inherited
, Page |3
Gene - correct answer - Functional region of a chromosome
Locus (Loci) - correct answer - a gene, a location on a chromosome
Polymer vs Monomer - correct answer - Polymer: macromolecule made of
smaller subunits
Monomer: smaller building-block molecules
Ex. nucleic acids are composed of nucleotides
All nucleotides have the same general, 3-Part structure (dNTP) - correct
answer - Deoxyribonucleotide Triphosphate
Deoxyribose sugar
Ribose: 5'-C sugar
Triphosphate: α, β, γ phosphates
Bonded to 5'-C
Nucleotide base = Nitrogenous base
Bonded to 1'-C, diff. between nucleotides
