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1. c. CO= HR x SV: What is the formula for calculating cardiac output?
a. CO= PA- 1SVC
b. CO= AO x PA
c. CO= HR x SV
2. a. Related to preload: Stoke Volume is ________?
a. Related to preload
b. Related to afterload
c. The same as ejection fraction
3. b. Increased filling volumes: Preload is most impacted by:
a. Mean arterial pressure
b. Increased filling volumes
c. Ejection Fraction
4. a. increased afterload: A patient with chronic untreated hypertension would
demonstrate
a. increased afterload
b. decreased afterload
c. decreased preload
5. d. Radius of the vessel: Vascular resistance/pressure is most influenced by
a. Blood Viscosity
b. BMI
c. Length of the vessel
d. Radius of the vessel
6. b. BP = CO x SVR: The formula for blood pressure is
a. BP = SV x SVR
b. BP = CO x SVR
c. BP = HR x SVR
7. D. V wave: What component of a Pulmonary Capillary Wedge pressure indicates
Mitral Insufficiency
a. A wave
b. C wave
c. P Wave
D. V wave
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8. c. RV infarct: An elevated RVEDP is found in which pathology?
a. LV infarct
b. Aortic stenosis
c. RV infarct
d. Mitral Regurgitation
9. d. JVD: If the RA waveform is 2x the normal value, where would this be demon-
strated in the physical assessment?
a. Decreased exercise tolerance
b. decreased O2 sat
c. Increased O2 sat
d. JVD
10. b. congenital: What is the most common cause of pulmonic stenosis?
a. Aging
b. congenital
c. cardiomyopathy
d. mitral regurgitation
11. b. 30cm: The blue proximal port of the swan is located how far from the distal
tip of the swan?
a. 15cm
b. 30cm
c. 45cm
d. 5cm
12. c. RA, PA: When performing a thermodilution cardiac output, the operator injects
10cc of saline into the ________ and the temperature change is measured in the
_____.
a. LA, AO
b. RV, PCWP
c. RA, PA
d. RA, LA
13. b. Restrictive pericarditis: Equalization of the RVEDP and LVEDP are found
in
a. tamponade
b. Restrictive pericarditis
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c. acute MI
d. LV MI
14. c. JVD: Signs of Right sided heart failure include
a. Decreased O2 Sat
b. SOB
c. JVD
d. Pulmonary embolism
15. b. L to R ASD: Based on these oxygen saturations, what type of shunt is
present?
SVC sat = 67% IVC sat = 71% RA Sat = 85%
RV Sat = 85% PA sat = 85% LA = 98% LV sat = 98%
AO sat = 98%
a. R to L ASD
b. L to R ASD
c. L to R VSD
d. It is all normal, there is no shunt
16. c. Ostium Secundum: The type of ASD, located in the middle 1/3 of the atrial
septum (the former site of the fossa ovalis) is called?
a. Ostium Primium
b. Sinus Venosus
c. Ostium Secundum
17. a. 3(SVC) + 1 (IVC) /4: What is Flamm's equation?
a. 3(SVC) + 1 (IVC) /4
b. 6 (SVC) + 2(IVC)/2
c. 3 (PA) + 2 (AO)/4
18. c. 1 (systolic) + 2(diastolic)/3: The formula used to calculate MAP is
a. HR x SV/SVR
b. Mean AO- MeanRA
c. 1 (systolic) + 2(diastolic)/3
19. d. Pulmonic stenosis, over riding aorta, RVH, VSD: What are the four anom-
alies associated with Tetralogy of Fallot?
a. ASD, VSD, LVH, RVH
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b. VVH, PS, Overriding aorta, RVH
c. Over riding aorta, RVH, LVH, ASD
d. Pulmonic stenosis, over riding aorta, RVH, VSD
20. d. Truncas Arteriosus: Which fetal anomaly is characterized by a large VSD
over which a large single great vessel arises?
a. Transposition of the Great Vessels
b. Tricuspid Atresia
c. Tetralogy of Fallot
d. Truncas Arteriosus
21. c. Cardiac Tamponade: Pulsus Paradoxus is a sign of
a. Constrictive Pericarditis
b. Cardiomyopathy
c. Cardiac Tamponade
D. COPD
22. a. radiation absorbed dose: What does RAD stand for?
a. radiation absorbed dose
b. radiation attenuated date
c. radiation attributable distance
23. a. image intensifier: What component of the X-ray system converts light rays
into images?
a. image intensifier
b. xray tube
c. photon tube
d. anode
24. d. 5 REM: What is the maximum annual dose of radiation one can receive
annually?
a. 5 RAD
b. 5 Currie
c. 0.5 REM
d. 5 REM
25. c. 0.5mm: Lead protection should be at least how many millimeters of lead?
a. 1.0