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BIOD 152 A&P Final Exam Portage
Learning: Comprehensive Study Guide with
Complete Questions and Correct Detailed
Answers for Essential Human Anatomy and
Physiology, Covering Nervous, Urinary, and
Cardiovascular Systems, Graded A+
A neuron going to the bicep of the forearm is part of the:
A. CNS
B. PNS
C. Autonomic system
D. Somatic
E. A and C
D. B and D
Answer: B and D
True or False: Neurons do not physically touch each other
Answer: True. They are seperated by synapses
Describe the function and release of neurotransmitters
Answer: -Neurotransmitters are chemicals stored inside secretory vesicles at the
end of the axon terminals.
-When neurotransmitters are released by the axon terminal vesicles, they carry the
transmission of the nerve impulse from one neuron to another
,2
An efferent neuron carres information:
A From the CNS to the PNS
B. From the PNS to the CNS
C Within the CNS
D Within the PNS Answer: A From the CNS to the PNS
A presynaptic neuron would be found:
A before the synapse
B. after the synapse
C. Inside the synapse
D. Only in the PNS
Answer: A Before the synapse
What is the location and function of astrocytes?
Answer: Location: Central nervous system (CNS)
Function: Regulation of chemical environment inside CNS, forming a physical
barrier (blood-brain-barrier) by wrapping around blood capillaries
A patient's left thumb was severed in a cooking accident and then reattached during
surgery. Would the patient be expected to regrow axons in their thumb? why or
why not
Answer: Yes. Peripheral nerves can regenerate the length of the axon through the
axonal regeneration because of the growth of schwann cells ahead of the axon.
,3
At rest, a neuron plasma membrane is
A 0 mV
B +40 mV
C Polarized
D Depolarized
Answer: C polarized (around -70 mV)
Which of the following is true concerning the sodium-potassium pump?
A. It maintains the depolarization phase of an axon
B. For every two sodium ions pumped out, three potassium ions are pumped in
C. It must remain in constant operation to maintain the resting state
D. The overall effect is a positive charge on the inside
Answer: C. It must remain in constant operation to maintain the resting rate
True or False: A sensory neuron is signaling the body of extreme pain. This means
that the strength of the action potential is greater than usual. Explain your answer.
Answer: False. There is no variation in the strength of an action potential. There is
only variation in the number and frequency of neurons firing.
Which of the following statements is true concerning the neuromuscular junction:
A The NMJ terminates on neurons within the brain and spinal cord
B The NMJ terminates on a muscle fiber
C The NMJ terminates on a presynaptic motor
D The NMJ does not have a synapse
Answer: B The NMJ terminates on a muscle fiber
, 4
How is a message sent from one neuron to another Answer: There is a minute
fluid-filled space, called a synapse, between the axon terminal of the sending
neuron and the dendrite of the receiving neuron. When a nerve impulse reaches the
end of an axon, neurotransmitters are released into the synapse. These bind with a
receptor on the next neuron, opening Na+ gates in the receiving dendrite which
causes depolarization and the impulse is carried.
What neurotransmitter is found at the neuromuscular junctions?
Answer: Acetylcholine ACh
True or False: Action potentials travel in multiple directions within the same
neuron Answer: False: only one direction in the same neuron
True or false: reflexes occur only with conscious intervention from the brain
Answer: False
In a reflex, the ______ neuron conducts nerve impulses along a pathway towards
the CNS Answer: Sensory/afferent
Where is the integration center of a reflex located? Answer: CNS
Which of the following statements is true about reflexes?
A. reflexes only involve the brainstem or higher levels of processing
B. regulation of blood sugar by hormones is one example of reflex
C. Reflexes cannot be tested because they are internal
BIOD 152 A&P Final Exam Portage
Learning: Comprehensive Study Guide with
Complete Questions and Correct Detailed
Answers for Essential Human Anatomy and
Physiology, Covering Nervous, Urinary, and
Cardiovascular Systems, Graded A+
A neuron going to the bicep of the forearm is part of the:
A. CNS
B. PNS
C. Autonomic system
D. Somatic
E. A and C
D. B and D
Answer: B and D
True or False: Neurons do not physically touch each other
Answer: True. They are seperated by synapses
Describe the function and release of neurotransmitters
Answer: -Neurotransmitters are chemicals stored inside secretory vesicles at the
end of the axon terminals.
-When neurotransmitters are released by the axon terminal vesicles, they carry the
transmission of the nerve impulse from one neuron to another
,2
An efferent neuron carres information:
A From the CNS to the PNS
B. From the PNS to the CNS
C Within the CNS
D Within the PNS Answer: A From the CNS to the PNS
A presynaptic neuron would be found:
A before the synapse
B. after the synapse
C. Inside the synapse
D. Only in the PNS
Answer: A Before the synapse
What is the location and function of astrocytes?
Answer: Location: Central nervous system (CNS)
Function: Regulation of chemical environment inside CNS, forming a physical
barrier (blood-brain-barrier) by wrapping around blood capillaries
A patient's left thumb was severed in a cooking accident and then reattached during
surgery. Would the patient be expected to regrow axons in their thumb? why or
why not
Answer: Yes. Peripheral nerves can regenerate the length of the axon through the
axonal regeneration because of the growth of schwann cells ahead of the axon.
,3
At rest, a neuron plasma membrane is
A 0 mV
B +40 mV
C Polarized
D Depolarized
Answer: C polarized (around -70 mV)
Which of the following is true concerning the sodium-potassium pump?
A. It maintains the depolarization phase of an axon
B. For every two sodium ions pumped out, three potassium ions are pumped in
C. It must remain in constant operation to maintain the resting state
D. The overall effect is a positive charge on the inside
Answer: C. It must remain in constant operation to maintain the resting rate
True or False: A sensory neuron is signaling the body of extreme pain. This means
that the strength of the action potential is greater than usual. Explain your answer.
Answer: False. There is no variation in the strength of an action potential. There is
only variation in the number and frequency of neurons firing.
Which of the following statements is true concerning the neuromuscular junction:
A The NMJ terminates on neurons within the brain and spinal cord
B The NMJ terminates on a muscle fiber
C The NMJ terminates on a presynaptic motor
D The NMJ does not have a synapse
Answer: B The NMJ terminates on a muscle fiber
, 4
How is a message sent from one neuron to another Answer: There is a minute
fluid-filled space, called a synapse, between the axon terminal of the sending
neuron and the dendrite of the receiving neuron. When a nerve impulse reaches the
end of an axon, neurotransmitters are released into the synapse. These bind with a
receptor on the next neuron, opening Na+ gates in the receiving dendrite which
causes depolarization and the impulse is carried.
What neurotransmitter is found at the neuromuscular junctions?
Answer: Acetylcholine ACh
True or False: Action potentials travel in multiple directions within the same
neuron Answer: False: only one direction in the same neuron
True or false: reflexes occur only with conscious intervention from the brain
Answer: False
In a reflex, the ______ neuron conducts nerve impulses along a pathway towards
the CNS Answer: Sensory/afferent
Where is the integration center of a reflex located? Answer: CNS
Which of the following statements is true about reflexes?
A. reflexes only involve the brainstem or higher levels of processing
B. regulation of blood sugar by hormones is one example of reflex
C. Reflexes cannot be tested because they are internal
