MSN 570 ADVANCED
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY FINAL
Actual Questions and Answers
Expert-Verified Explanation
This Exam contains:
✪ 50 Questions and Answers
✪ Multiple-choice and True/False Format
✪ Expert-Verified Explanations
✪ Verified with Trusted Textbooks
1. Nephrotic syndrome is primarily characterized by:
A. Massive proteinuria due to glomerular damage
B. Hematuria without protein loss
C. Hypertension only
D. Leukocyturia
Answer: A
EXPLANATION: Nephrotic syndrome results from glomerular injury leading to massive
protein loss in urine. Corticosteroids are the mainstay treatment.
2. Which type of glomerular injury affects most (>50%) of the glomeruli?
A. Focal
B. Diffuse
C. Segmental
D. Global
Answer: B
EXPLANATION: Diffuse lesions involve the majority of glomeruli, while focal affects less
than 50%.
3. Lesions that affect an entire single glomerulus are termed:
, A. Segmental
B. Global
C. Focal
D. Diffuse
Answer: B
EXPLANATION: Global lesions involve the whole glomerulus, while segmental affects only
part of it.
4. Glomerulonephritis is best described as:
A. Non-inflammatory renal disorder
B. Inflammatory disorder of the glomeruli
C. Cancer of kidney tubule cells
D. Scar tissue of the nephrons
Answer: B
EXPLANATION: It involves inflammation due to immune complex deposition, activating
complement.
5. Nephritic syndrome is associated with:
A. Pure proteinuria
B. Oliguria, hematuria, and RBC casts
C. Hypertension only
D. Polycystic kidney disease
Answer: B
EXPLANATION: Nephritic syndrome features include hematuria, RBC casts, proteinuria,
oliguria, and hypertension.
6. Which structural descriptor refers to increased glomerular cells forming
crescents?
A. Necrotizing
B. Sclerosing
C. Proliferative
D. Diffuse
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY FINAL
Actual Questions and Answers
Expert-Verified Explanation
This Exam contains:
✪ 50 Questions and Answers
✪ Multiple-choice and True/False Format
✪ Expert-Verified Explanations
✪ Verified with Trusted Textbooks
1. Nephrotic syndrome is primarily characterized by:
A. Massive proteinuria due to glomerular damage
B. Hematuria without protein loss
C. Hypertension only
D. Leukocyturia
Answer: A
EXPLANATION: Nephrotic syndrome results from glomerular injury leading to massive
protein loss in urine. Corticosteroids are the mainstay treatment.
2. Which type of glomerular injury affects most (>50%) of the glomeruli?
A. Focal
B. Diffuse
C. Segmental
D. Global
Answer: B
EXPLANATION: Diffuse lesions involve the majority of glomeruli, while focal affects less
than 50%.
3. Lesions that affect an entire single glomerulus are termed:
, A. Segmental
B. Global
C. Focal
D. Diffuse
Answer: B
EXPLANATION: Global lesions involve the whole glomerulus, while segmental affects only
part of it.
4. Glomerulonephritis is best described as:
A. Non-inflammatory renal disorder
B. Inflammatory disorder of the glomeruli
C. Cancer of kidney tubule cells
D. Scar tissue of the nephrons
Answer: B
EXPLANATION: It involves inflammation due to immune complex deposition, activating
complement.
5. Nephritic syndrome is associated with:
A. Pure proteinuria
B. Oliguria, hematuria, and RBC casts
C. Hypertension only
D. Polycystic kidney disease
Answer: B
EXPLANATION: Nephritic syndrome features include hematuria, RBC casts, proteinuria,
oliguria, and hypertension.
6. Which structural descriptor refers to increased glomerular cells forming
crescents?
A. Necrotizing
B. Sclerosing
C. Proliferative
D. Diffuse
