Pediatrics COMAT Practice Guide 2024-2025
Exam
1. Newborn vital HR: 120-160
signs (HR, RR, BP) RR: 40-60 Br/min
BP: 65/50 mmHg
2. APGAR score com- *A*ppearance: pink all over = 2
ponents *P*ulse: > 100 bpm = 2, < 60 = 0
*G*rimace: sneeze, cough, loud cry = 2
*A*ctivity: active movement = 2
*R*espiration: strength, not rate
3. APGAR score inter- 0-3: requires resuscitation
pretation 4-6: likely requires resuscitation
7-10: normal
4. Does a low APGAR No
score predict cere-
bral palsy?
5. *Causative agents 0-2 days: chemical
of eye irritation/in- *3-7 days: N. gonorrhoeae*
fection in new- *8-21 days: C. trachomatis*
borns* > 21 days: HSV
6. Eye irritation / in- Chemical irritation
fection: 0-2 days More likely to be seen in developing countries d/t silver nitrate drops
Care is supportive, no intervention necessary
7. Eye irritation / in- N. gonorrheae - gonococcal neonatorum
fection: 3-7 days Prevented with prophylactic erythromycin & tetracycline drops
, Pediatrics COMAT Practice Guide 2024-2025
Exam
Treated with ceftriaxone or cefotaxime IM or IV
Can become disseminated gonococcal disease if not treated
8. Eye irritation / in- C. trachomatis
fection: 8-21 days Discharge is watery at first, then mucopurulent
*Not* prevented with prophylactic erythromycin & tetracycline drops
Treated with *oral* erythromycin
9. Eye irritation / in- HSV
fection: > 21 days Watery discharge
Treated with *systemic* acyclovir and *topical* vidarabine
10. (T/F) Erythromycin True
drops provided
at birth pro-
tect against gon-
orrhea, but not
chlamydia
11. What prophylac- Erythromycin & tetracycline drops / ointment prevent N. gonorrhea
tic treatments are
used to prevent
eye disease in
newborns?
12. Vitamin K is re- 2, 7, 9, 10, Protein C, protein S
quired for activa-
tion of which clot-
ting factors?
13. How is hemor- Prophylactic vitamin K *IM*
rhagic disease of PO vitamin K is inettective
, Pediatrics COMAT Practice Guide 2024-2025
Exam
the newborn pre-
vented?
14. Most states man- PKU
date screening for Congenital adrenal hyperplasia
which 7 disorders? Biotinidase
Beta-thalassemia
Galactosemia
Hypothyroidism
Homocysteinuria
Some also test for G6PD deficiency and hearing
15. Epo levels in pri- 1: normal or low [Epo]
mary vs secondary 2: high [Epo]
polycythemia
16. Risk factors for Small for gestational age
polycythemia of Large for gestational age
the newborn (3) Maternal diabetes
17. Transient poly- cord clamping --> hypoxia --> increased epo
cythemia of the Normalizes when baby starts to breathe
newborn is most
commonly dt
18. Risk factors for Term or post-term
transient tachyp- Delivered via c-section
nea of the new-
born (2)
19. Management of Oxygen
transient tachyp- Antibiotic prophylaxis
, nea of the new- Observation
born Workup with CBC and CXR for sepsis
20. Transient hyper- indirect (unconjugated)
bilirubinemia is
(indirect / direct)
21. Transient 2-3 days
hyperbilirubine-
mia peaks at
days
22. In preterm in- In preterm infants, transient hyperbilirubinemia is *more* common and lasts
fants, transient hy- *longer*
perbilirubinemia is
_(more/less)_ com-
mon and lasts
_(longer/shorter)
23. Transient hyper- Increased RBC breakdown d/t no longer needing cells that contain HbF
bilirubinemia is Decreased unconjugated bilirubin uptake by the liver
due to (2)
24. When does hyper- < 24 hours of life
bilirubinemia war- Conjugated
rant extensive
workup?
25. Caput succeda- Caput succedaneum *does* cross suture lines
neum (does / does Is a swelling of the scalp
not) cross suture
lines
Exam
1. Newborn vital HR: 120-160
signs (HR, RR, BP) RR: 40-60 Br/min
BP: 65/50 mmHg
2. APGAR score com- *A*ppearance: pink all over = 2
ponents *P*ulse: > 100 bpm = 2, < 60 = 0
*G*rimace: sneeze, cough, loud cry = 2
*A*ctivity: active movement = 2
*R*espiration: strength, not rate
3. APGAR score inter- 0-3: requires resuscitation
pretation 4-6: likely requires resuscitation
7-10: normal
4. Does a low APGAR No
score predict cere-
bral palsy?
5. *Causative agents 0-2 days: chemical
of eye irritation/in- *3-7 days: N. gonorrhoeae*
fection in new- *8-21 days: C. trachomatis*
borns* > 21 days: HSV
6. Eye irritation / in- Chemical irritation
fection: 0-2 days More likely to be seen in developing countries d/t silver nitrate drops
Care is supportive, no intervention necessary
7. Eye irritation / in- N. gonorrheae - gonococcal neonatorum
fection: 3-7 days Prevented with prophylactic erythromycin & tetracycline drops
, Pediatrics COMAT Practice Guide 2024-2025
Exam
Treated with ceftriaxone or cefotaxime IM or IV
Can become disseminated gonococcal disease if not treated
8. Eye irritation / in- C. trachomatis
fection: 8-21 days Discharge is watery at first, then mucopurulent
*Not* prevented with prophylactic erythromycin & tetracycline drops
Treated with *oral* erythromycin
9. Eye irritation / in- HSV
fection: > 21 days Watery discharge
Treated with *systemic* acyclovir and *topical* vidarabine
10. (T/F) Erythromycin True
drops provided
at birth pro-
tect against gon-
orrhea, but not
chlamydia
11. What prophylac- Erythromycin & tetracycline drops / ointment prevent N. gonorrhea
tic treatments are
used to prevent
eye disease in
newborns?
12. Vitamin K is re- 2, 7, 9, 10, Protein C, protein S
quired for activa-
tion of which clot-
ting factors?
13. How is hemor- Prophylactic vitamin K *IM*
rhagic disease of PO vitamin K is inettective
, Pediatrics COMAT Practice Guide 2024-2025
Exam
the newborn pre-
vented?
14. Most states man- PKU
date screening for Congenital adrenal hyperplasia
which 7 disorders? Biotinidase
Beta-thalassemia
Galactosemia
Hypothyroidism
Homocysteinuria
Some also test for G6PD deficiency and hearing
15. Epo levels in pri- 1: normal or low [Epo]
mary vs secondary 2: high [Epo]
polycythemia
16. Risk factors for Small for gestational age
polycythemia of Large for gestational age
the newborn (3) Maternal diabetes
17. Transient poly- cord clamping --> hypoxia --> increased epo
cythemia of the Normalizes when baby starts to breathe
newborn is most
commonly dt
18. Risk factors for Term or post-term
transient tachyp- Delivered via c-section
nea of the new-
born (2)
19. Management of Oxygen
transient tachyp- Antibiotic prophylaxis
, nea of the new- Observation
born Workup with CBC and CXR for sepsis
20. Transient hyper- indirect (unconjugated)
bilirubinemia is
(indirect / direct)
21. Transient 2-3 days
hyperbilirubine-
mia peaks at
days
22. In preterm in- In preterm infants, transient hyperbilirubinemia is *more* common and lasts
fants, transient hy- *longer*
perbilirubinemia is
_(more/less)_ com-
mon and lasts
_(longer/shorter)
23. Transient hyper- Increased RBC breakdown d/t no longer needing cells that contain HbF
bilirubinemia is Decreased unconjugated bilirubin uptake by the liver
due to (2)
24. When does hyper- < 24 hours of life
bilirubinemia war- Conjugated
rant extensive
workup?
25. Caput succeda- Caput succedaneum *does* cross suture lines
neum (does / does Is a swelling of the scalp
not) cross suture
lines
