WGU D313: ANATOMY AND
PHYSIOLOGY II – DIGESTIVE EXAM
WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
What is a source of complex carbohydrates?
a. Eggs
b. Syrup
c. Milk
d. Legumes - ANSd. Legumes
What do animal sources of protein have that plant sources of protein do not? -
ANSEssential amino acids
What is a source of protein?
a. Fruit
b. Soy
c. Wheat - ANSb. Soy
Why is insoluble fiber helpful in a diet? - ANSIncreases stool bulk to reduce transit time
of food through the digestive tract
What is a function of lipids in a diet? - ANSMake hormones and surround nerves
What is a characteristic of unsaturated fats? - ANSLiquid at room temperature
What are 2 major functions of the pancreas? - ANS1. Produces insulin and glucagon to
control blood sugar levels.
2. Secretes digestive enzymes to break down macronutrients.
What are 2 functions of the peritoneum? - ANS1. Anchors intestines to the abdominal
wall.
2. Prevents friction between the abdominal organs.
Which process occurs throughout most of the alimentary canal? - ANSPropulsion
Which organ of the digestive system mixes and churns food with the gastric juices to
form chyme? - ANSStomach
What is the function of saliva? - ANSAssists in the taste sensation
, What is the correct path that food takes through the large intestine? - ANSCecum,
ascending colon, transverse colon, descending colon, sigmoid colon
Which cells of the stomach secrete digestive hormones? - ANSEnteroendocrine cells
What is a function of the upper esophageal sphincter? - ANSAllows food bolus to pass
from the pharynx into the esophagus
What is the goal of peristalsis? - ANSPropel bolus or chyme along the digestive tract
What happens during the buccal phase of deglutition? - ANSA single food bolus is
formed
What triggers the defecation reflex? - ANSStretching of the walls of the rectum
Parietal cells secrete _____ - ANSHydrochloric acid
Pancreatic juice ____ - ANSBuffers chyme
Where does the chemical digestion of starch begin? - ANSMouth
What are 2 functions of rugae of the stomach? - ANS1. Allows for expansion of the
stomach.
2. Increase surface area.
What is the function of the mucin that is secreted by surface mucous cells in the
stomach? - ANSProtects the underlying mucosa from the acidity of the stomach
contents
Which cells secrete an intrinsic factor that is essential for the absorption of Vitamin
B12? - ANSParietal cells
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ and converted to pepsin by _____. - ANSChief cells;
hydrochloric acid
What is accomplished by peristaltic movements within the stomach? - ANSMixing bolus
with gastric juices to produce chyme
Villi located within the small intestine function to ______. - ANSIncrease surface area
Why are Brunner's glands essential to the small intestine? - ANSThey secrete an
alkaline mucus that neutralizes acidic chyme arriving from the stomach
What is broken down by the brush border enzymes? - ANSCarbohydrates and proteins
PHYSIOLOGY II – DIGESTIVE EXAM
WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
What is a source of complex carbohydrates?
a. Eggs
b. Syrup
c. Milk
d. Legumes - ANSd. Legumes
What do animal sources of protein have that plant sources of protein do not? -
ANSEssential amino acids
What is a source of protein?
a. Fruit
b. Soy
c. Wheat - ANSb. Soy
Why is insoluble fiber helpful in a diet? - ANSIncreases stool bulk to reduce transit time
of food through the digestive tract
What is a function of lipids in a diet? - ANSMake hormones and surround nerves
What is a characteristic of unsaturated fats? - ANSLiquid at room temperature
What are 2 major functions of the pancreas? - ANS1. Produces insulin and glucagon to
control blood sugar levels.
2. Secretes digestive enzymes to break down macronutrients.
What are 2 functions of the peritoneum? - ANS1. Anchors intestines to the abdominal
wall.
2. Prevents friction between the abdominal organs.
Which process occurs throughout most of the alimentary canal? - ANSPropulsion
Which organ of the digestive system mixes and churns food with the gastric juices to
form chyme? - ANSStomach
What is the function of saliva? - ANSAssists in the taste sensation
, What is the correct path that food takes through the large intestine? - ANSCecum,
ascending colon, transverse colon, descending colon, sigmoid colon
Which cells of the stomach secrete digestive hormones? - ANSEnteroendocrine cells
What is a function of the upper esophageal sphincter? - ANSAllows food bolus to pass
from the pharynx into the esophagus
What is the goal of peristalsis? - ANSPropel bolus or chyme along the digestive tract
What happens during the buccal phase of deglutition? - ANSA single food bolus is
formed
What triggers the defecation reflex? - ANSStretching of the walls of the rectum
Parietal cells secrete _____ - ANSHydrochloric acid
Pancreatic juice ____ - ANSBuffers chyme
Where does the chemical digestion of starch begin? - ANSMouth
What are 2 functions of rugae of the stomach? - ANS1. Allows for expansion of the
stomach.
2. Increase surface area.
What is the function of the mucin that is secreted by surface mucous cells in the
stomach? - ANSProtects the underlying mucosa from the acidity of the stomach
contents
Which cells secrete an intrinsic factor that is essential for the absorption of Vitamin
B12? - ANSParietal cells
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ and converted to pepsin by _____. - ANSChief cells;
hydrochloric acid
What is accomplished by peristaltic movements within the stomach? - ANSMixing bolus
with gastric juices to produce chyme
Villi located within the small intestine function to ______. - ANSIncrease surface area
Why are Brunner's glands essential to the small intestine? - ANSThey secrete an
alkaline mucus that neutralizes acidic chyme arriving from the stomach
What is broken down by the brush border enzymes? - ANSCarbohydrates and proteins
