BSC 2086 - chapter 7 Exam Questions and Answers Fully Solved Latest Update 2025-2026
1) The central nervous system, which is composed of the brain and spinal cord, receives and
processes information from both the external environment, known as ________ information and,
the internal environment, which refers to ________ information.
A) special : somatic
B) peripheral : somatic
C) somatic : autonomic
D) somatic : visceral
E) sensory : visceral - Answers E
2) In the peripheral nervous system, ________ neurons carry sensory and visceral information to
the central nervous system, and ________ neurons leave the central nervous system and
innervate organs, which are usually muscles or glands.
A) sensory : somatic
B) somatic : sensory
C) efferent : afferent
D) afferent : efferent
E) sympathetic : parasympathetic - Answers D
3) Which of the following accurately describes afferent neurons?
A) The cell body is located in the ventral horn of the spinal cord.
B) They transmit information from the CNS to the periphery.
C) They transmit information from the periphery to the CNS.
D) They are the most abundant class of neurons.
E) They are typically multipolar neurons. - Answers C
4) What two divisions of the autonomic nervous system have opposite effects on the organs
they innervate?
A) somatic and motor
B) parasympathetic and sympathetic
,C) peripheral and central
D) somatic and enteric
E) afferent and efferent - Answers B
5) What is the functional unit of the nervous system?
A) axons
B) neurons
C) the brain
D) the central nervous system
E) glial cells - Answers B
6) On what portion of the neuron do action potentials propagate?
A) soma
B) cell body
C) nucleus
D) axon
E) dendrite - Answers D
7) ________ branch from the cell body and receive input from other neurons at specialized
junctions called ________.
A) Somas : synapses
B) Dendrites : cell bodies
C) Dendrites : axon terminals
D) Dendrites : synapses
E) Axon hillocks : axon terminals - Answers D
8) An action potential originates at the ________ and travels along the axon until it reaches the
________.
A) axon terminal : axon hillock
B) dendrite : axon terminal
, C) axon hillock : dendrite
D) dendrite : axon hillock
E) axon hillock : axon terminal - Answers E
9) The movement of synaptic vesicles to the end of the axon terminal involves what type of
transport?
A) anterograde
B) retrograde
C) receptor-mediated
D) passive
E) pinocytosis - Answers A
10) What type of ion channels in the membrane of neurons allows ions to move across the
membrane at rest and thereby contribute to resting membrane potential?
A) voltage-gated channels
B) resting channels
C) potential-gated channels
D) leak channels
E) ligand-gated channels - Answers D
11) What type of ion channels in the membrane of neurons open or close in response to a
neurotransmitter binding to its receptor?
A) voltage-gated channels
B) synaptic channels
C) potential-gated channels
D) leak channels
E) ligand-gated channels - Answers E
12) In a neuron, where is the greatest concentration of voltage-gated sodium and voltage-gated
potassium channels?
A) dendrites
1) The central nervous system, which is composed of the brain and spinal cord, receives and
processes information from both the external environment, known as ________ information and,
the internal environment, which refers to ________ information.
A) special : somatic
B) peripheral : somatic
C) somatic : autonomic
D) somatic : visceral
E) sensory : visceral - Answers E
2) In the peripheral nervous system, ________ neurons carry sensory and visceral information to
the central nervous system, and ________ neurons leave the central nervous system and
innervate organs, which are usually muscles or glands.
A) sensory : somatic
B) somatic : sensory
C) efferent : afferent
D) afferent : efferent
E) sympathetic : parasympathetic - Answers D
3) Which of the following accurately describes afferent neurons?
A) The cell body is located in the ventral horn of the spinal cord.
B) They transmit information from the CNS to the periphery.
C) They transmit information from the periphery to the CNS.
D) They are the most abundant class of neurons.
E) They are typically multipolar neurons. - Answers C
4) What two divisions of the autonomic nervous system have opposite effects on the organs
they innervate?
A) somatic and motor
B) parasympathetic and sympathetic
,C) peripheral and central
D) somatic and enteric
E) afferent and efferent - Answers B
5) What is the functional unit of the nervous system?
A) axons
B) neurons
C) the brain
D) the central nervous system
E) glial cells - Answers B
6) On what portion of the neuron do action potentials propagate?
A) soma
B) cell body
C) nucleus
D) axon
E) dendrite - Answers D
7) ________ branch from the cell body and receive input from other neurons at specialized
junctions called ________.
A) Somas : synapses
B) Dendrites : cell bodies
C) Dendrites : axon terminals
D) Dendrites : synapses
E) Axon hillocks : axon terminals - Answers D
8) An action potential originates at the ________ and travels along the axon until it reaches the
________.
A) axon terminal : axon hillock
B) dendrite : axon terminal
, C) axon hillock : dendrite
D) dendrite : axon hillock
E) axon hillock : axon terminal - Answers E
9) The movement of synaptic vesicles to the end of the axon terminal involves what type of
transport?
A) anterograde
B) retrograde
C) receptor-mediated
D) passive
E) pinocytosis - Answers A
10) What type of ion channels in the membrane of neurons allows ions to move across the
membrane at rest and thereby contribute to resting membrane potential?
A) voltage-gated channels
B) resting channels
C) potential-gated channels
D) leak channels
E) ligand-gated channels - Answers D
11) What type of ion channels in the membrane of neurons open or close in response to a
neurotransmitter binding to its receptor?
A) voltage-gated channels
B) synaptic channels
C) potential-gated channels
D) leak channels
E) ligand-gated channels - Answers E
12) In a neuron, where is the greatest concentration of voltage-gated sodium and voltage-gated
potassium channels?
A) dendrites
