TEST BANK
17
Fundamental Concepts and Skills for Nursing 6/E Patricia Willia
17 17 17 17 17 17 17 17
ms
Chapter171.17Nursing17and17the17Health17Care17System
Williams:17Fundamental17Concepts17and17Skills17for17Nursing,176th17Edition
MULTIPLE17CHOICE
1. Florence17Nightingale‘s17contributions17to17nursing17practice17and17education:
a. are17historically17important17but17have17no17validity17for17nursing17today.
b. were17neither17recognized17nor17appreciated17in17her17own17time.
c. were17a17major17factor17in17reducing17the17death17rate17in17the17Crimean17War.
d. were17limited17only17to17the17care17of17severe17traumatic17wounds.
ANS:1 7 1 7 C
By17improving17sanitation,17nutrition17ventilation,17and17handwashing17techniques,17Florenc
, e17Nightingale‘s17nurses17dramatically17reduced17the17death17rate17from17injuries17in17the17Crim
ean17War.
DIF: Cognitive17Level:17Knowledge REF: p.172 OBJ:
Theory17#117TOP: Nursing17History
KEY:1 7 Nursing17Process17Step:17N/A17MSC:1 7 NCLEX:17N/A
2. Early17nursing17education17and17care17in17the17United17States:
a. were17directed17at17community17health.
b. provided17independence17for17women17through17education17and17employment.
c. were17an17educational17model17based17in17institutions17of17higher17learning.
d. have17continued17to17be17entirely17focused17on17hospital17nursing.
ANS:1 7 1 7 B
Because17of17the17influence17of17early17nursing17leaders,17nursing17education17became17more1
7formalized17through17apprenticeships17in17Nightingale17schools17that17offered17independence
17to17women17through17education17and17employment.
DIF: Cognitive17Level:17Knowledge REF: p.172 OBJ:
Theory17#417TOP: Nursing17History
KEY:1 7 Nursing17Process17Step:17N/A17MSC:1 7 NCLEX:17N/A
3. In17order17to17fulfill17the17common17goals17defined17by17nursing17theorists17(promote17wellnes
s,17prevent17illness,17facilitate17coping,17and17restore17health),17the17LPN17must17take17on17the
17roles17of:
a. caregiver,17educator,17and17collaborator.
b. nursing17assistant,17delegator,17and17environmental17specialist.
c. medication17dispenser,17collaborator,17and17transporter.
d. dietitian,17manager,17and17housekeeper.
ANS:1 7 1 7 A
In17order17for17the17LPN17to17apply17the17common17goals17of17nursing,17he17or17she17must17ass
ume17the17roles17of17caregiver,17educator,17collaborator,17manager,17and17advocate.
DIF: Cognitive17Level:17Comprehension REF: p.173 OBJ:
Theory17#217TOP: Art17and17Science17of17Nursing
KEY:1 7 Nursing17Process17Step:17N/A17MSC:1 7 NCLEX:17N/A
,4. Although17nursing17theories17differ17in17their17attempts17to17define17nursing,17all17of17them1
7base17their17beliefs17on17common17concepts17concerning:
a. self-actualization,17fundamental17needs,17and17belonging.
b. stress17reduction,17self-care,17and17a17systems17model.
c. curative17care,17restorative17care,17and17terminal17care.
d. human17relationships,17the17environment,17and17health.
ANS:1 7 1 7 D
Although17nursing17theories17differ,17they17all17base17their17beliefs17on17human17relationships,17
the17environment,17and17health.
DIF: Cognitive17Level:17Comprehension REF: p.174 OBJ:
Theory17#217TOP: Nursing17Theories
KEY:1 7 Nursing17Process17Step:17N/A17MSC:1 7 NCLEX:17N/A
5. Standards17of17care17for17the17nursing17practice17of17the17LPN17are17established17by17the:
a. Boards17of17Nursing17Examiners17in17each17state.
b. National17Council17of17States17Boards17of17Nursing17(NCSBN).
c. American17Nurses17Association17(ANA).
d. National17Association17of17Licensed17Practical17Nurses.
ANS:1 7 1 7 D
The17practical17nurse17follows17standards17written17by17the17National17Association17of17License
d17Practical17Nurses17to17deliver17safe,17knowledgeable17nursing17care17(Box171.1,17Appendix1
7D)
DIF: Cognitive17Level:17Comprehension REF: p.176 OBJ:
Theory17#217TOP: Standards17of17Care
KEY:1 7 Nursing17Process17Step:17N/A17MSC:1 7 NCLEX:17N/A
6. The17LPN17demonstrates17an17evidence-based17practice17by:
a. using17a17drug17manual17to17check17compatibility17of17drugs.
b. using17scientific17information17to17guide17decision17making.
c. using17medical17history17of17a17patient17to17direct17nursing17interventions.
d. basing17nursing17care17on17advice17from17an17experienced17nurse.
ANS:1 7 1 7 B
The17use17of17scientific17information17from17high-
quality17research17to17guide17nursing17decisions17is17reflective17of17the17application17of17evide
nce-based17practice.
DIF: Cognitive17Level:17Knowledge REF: p.174 OBJ:
Theory17#317TOP: Evidence-Based17Practice
KEY:1 7 Nursing17Process17Step:17N/A17MSC:1 7 NCLEX:17N/A
7. Lillian17Wald17and17Mary17Brewster17established17the17Henry17Street17Settlement17Service
17in17New17York17in17189317in17order17to:
a. offer17a17shelter17to17injured17war17veterans.
b. found17a17nursing17apprenticeship.
c. provide17health17care17to17poor17persons17living17in17tenements.
d. offer17better17housing17to17low-
income17families.17ANS:1 7 C
, Henry17Street17Settlement17Service17brought17the17provision17of17community17health17care17to17
the17poor17people17living17in17tenements.
DIF: Cognitive17Level:17Comprehension REF: p.172 OBJ:
Theory17#417TOP: Growth17of17Nursing
KEY:1 7 Nursing17Process17Step:17N/A17MSC:1 7 NCLEX:17N/A
8. An17educational17pathway17for17an17LPN/LVN17refers17to17an17LPN/LVN:
a. learning17on17the17job17and17being17promoted17to17a17higher17level17of17responsibility.
b. moving17from17a17maternity17unit17to17a17more17complicated17surgical17unit.
c. obtaining17additional17education17to17move17from17one17level17of17nursing17to17another.
d. learning17that17advancement17requires17consistent17work17and17commitment.
ANS:1 7 1 7 C
By17broadening17the17educational17base,17an17LPN/LVN17may17advance17and17build17a17nursing17caree
r.
DIF: Cognitive17Level:17Knowledge REF: p.177 OBJ:
Theory17#717TOP: Nursing17Education17Pathways
KEY:1 7 Nursing17Process17Step:17N/A17MSC:1 7 NCLEX:17N/A
9. When17diagnosis-
related17groups17(DRGs)17were17established17by17Medicare17in171983,17the17purpose17was17to
:
a. put17patients17with17the17same17diagnosis17on17the17same17unit.
b. attempt17to17contain17the17costs17of17health17care.
c. increase17the17availability17of17medical17care17to17older17adults.
d. identify17a17patient‘s17condition17more17quickly.
ANS:1 7 1 7 B
The17purpose17of17instituting17DRGs17was17to17contain17skyrocketing17costs17of17health17care.
DIF: Cognitive17Level:17Knowledge REF: p.1710 OBJ:
Theory17#1017TOP: Health17Care17Delivery
KEY:1 7 Nursing17Process17Step:17N/A
MSC:1 7 NCLEX:17N/A
10. The17advent17of17diagnosis-
related17groups17(DRGs)17required17that17nurses17working17in17health17care17agencies:
a. record17supportive17documentation17to17confirm17a17patient‘s17need17for17care17in1
7order17to17qualify17for17reimbursement.
b. use17the17DRG17rather17than17their17own17observations17for17patient17assessment.
c. be17aware17of17the17specific17drugs17related17to17the17diagnosis.
d. acquire17cross-training17to17make17staffing17more17flexible.
ANS:1 7 1 7 A
DRGs17required17that17nurses17provide17more17supportive17documentation17of17their17assessme
nts17and17identified17patient‘s17needs17to17qualify17the17facility17for17Medicare17reimbursemen
t.17Observant17assessment17might17also17indicate17another17DRG17classification17and17conseq
uently17more17reimbursement17for17the17facility.
DIF: Cognitive17Level:17Comprehension REF: p.1710 OBJ:
Theory17#1017TOP: Managed17Care
KEY:1 7 Nursing17Process17Step:17N/A
17
Fundamental Concepts and Skills for Nursing 6/E Patricia Willia
17 17 17 17 17 17 17 17
ms
Chapter171.17Nursing17and17the17Health17Care17System
Williams:17Fundamental17Concepts17and17Skills17for17Nursing,176th17Edition
MULTIPLE17CHOICE
1. Florence17Nightingale‘s17contributions17to17nursing17practice17and17education:
a. are17historically17important17but17have17no17validity17for17nursing17today.
b. were17neither17recognized17nor17appreciated17in17her17own17time.
c. were17a17major17factor17in17reducing17the17death17rate17in17the17Crimean17War.
d. were17limited17only17to17the17care17of17severe17traumatic17wounds.
ANS:1 7 1 7 C
By17improving17sanitation,17nutrition17ventilation,17and17handwashing17techniques,17Florenc
, e17Nightingale‘s17nurses17dramatically17reduced17the17death17rate17from17injuries17in17the17Crim
ean17War.
DIF: Cognitive17Level:17Knowledge REF: p.172 OBJ:
Theory17#117TOP: Nursing17History
KEY:1 7 Nursing17Process17Step:17N/A17MSC:1 7 NCLEX:17N/A
2. Early17nursing17education17and17care17in17the17United17States:
a. were17directed17at17community17health.
b. provided17independence17for17women17through17education17and17employment.
c. were17an17educational17model17based17in17institutions17of17higher17learning.
d. have17continued17to17be17entirely17focused17on17hospital17nursing.
ANS:1 7 1 7 B
Because17of17the17influence17of17early17nursing17leaders,17nursing17education17became17more1
7formalized17through17apprenticeships17in17Nightingale17schools17that17offered17independence
17to17women17through17education17and17employment.
DIF: Cognitive17Level:17Knowledge REF: p.172 OBJ:
Theory17#417TOP: Nursing17History
KEY:1 7 Nursing17Process17Step:17N/A17MSC:1 7 NCLEX:17N/A
3. In17order17to17fulfill17the17common17goals17defined17by17nursing17theorists17(promote17wellnes
s,17prevent17illness,17facilitate17coping,17and17restore17health),17the17LPN17must17take17on17the
17roles17of:
a. caregiver,17educator,17and17collaborator.
b. nursing17assistant,17delegator,17and17environmental17specialist.
c. medication17dispenser,17collaborator,17and17transporter.
d. dietitian,17manager,17and17housekeeper.
ANS:1 7 1 7 A
In17order17for17the17LPN17to17apply17the17common17goals17of17nursing,17he17or17she17must17ass
ume17the17roles17of17caregiver,17educator,17collaborator,17manager,17and17advocate.
DIF: Cognitive17Level:17Comprehension REF: p.173 OBJ:
Theory17#217TOP: Art17and17Science17of17Nursing
KEY:1 7 Nursing17Process17Step:17N/A17MSC:1 7 NCLEX:17N/A
,4. Although17nursing17theories17differ17in17their17attempts17to17define17nursing,17all17of17them1
7base17their17beliefs17on17common17concepts17concerning:
a. self-actualization,17fundamental17needs,17and17belonging.
b. stress17reduction,17self-care,17and17a17systems17model.
c. curative17care,17restorative17care,17and17terminal17care.
d. human17relationships,17the17environment,17and17health.
ANS:1 7 1 7 D
Although17nursing17theories17differ,17they17all17base17their17beliefs17on17human17relationships,17
the17environment,17and17health.
DIF: Cognitive17Level:17Comprehension REF: p.174 OBJ:
Theory17#217TOP: Nursing17Theories
KEY:1 7 Nursing17Process17Step:17N/A17MSC:1 7 NCLEX:17N/A
5. Standards17of17care17for17the17nursing17practice17of17the17LPN17are17established17by17the:
a. Boards17of17Nursing17Examiners17in17each17state.
b. National17Council17of17States17Boards17of17Nursing17(NCSBN).
c. American17Nurses17Association17(ANA).
d. National17Association17of17Licensed17Practical17Nurses.
ANS:1 7 1 7 D
The17practical17nurse17follows17standards17written17by17the17National17Association17of17License
d17Practical17Nurses17to17deliver17safe,17knowledgeable17nursing17care17(Box171.1,17Appendix1
7D)
DIF: Cognitive17Level:17Comprehension REF: p.176 OBJ:
Theory17#217TOP: Standards17of17Care
KEY:1 7 Nursing17Process17Step:17N/A17MSC:1 7 NCLEX:17N/A
6. The17LPN17demonstrates17an17evidence-based17practice17by:
a. using17a17drug17manual17to17check17compatibility17of17drugs.
b. using17scientific17information17to17guide17decision17making.
c. using17medical17history17of17a17patient17to17direct17nursing17interventions.
d. basing17nursing17care17on17advice17from17an17experienced17nurse.
ANS:1 7 1 7 B
The17use17of17scientific17information17from17high-
quality17research17to17guide17nursing17decisions17is17reflective17of17the17application17of17evide
nce-based17practice.
DIF: Cognitive17Level:17Knowledge REF: p.174 OBJ:
Theory17#317TOP: Evidence-Based17Practice
KEY:1 7 Nursing17Process17Step:17N/A17MSC:1 7 NCLEX:17N/A
7. Lillian17Wald17and17Mary17Brewster17established17the17Henry17Street17Settlement17Service
17in17New17York17in17189317in17order17to:
a. offer17a17shelter17to17injured17war17veterans.
b. found17a17nursing17apprenticeship.
c. provide17health17care17to17poor17persons17living17in17tenements.
d. offer17better17housing17to17low-
income17families.17ANS:1 7 C
, Henry17Street17Settlement17Service17brought17the17provision17of17community17health17care17to17
the17poor17people17living17in17tenements.
DIF: Cognitive17Level:17Comprehension REF: p.172 OBJ:
Theory17#417TOP: Growth17of17Nursing
KEY:1 7 Nursing17Process17Step:17N/A17MSC:1 7 NCLEX:17N/A
8. An17educational17pathway17for17an17LPN/LVN17refers17to17an17LPN/LVN:
a. learning17on17the17job17and17being17promoted17to17a17higher17level17of17responsibility.
b. moving17from17a17maternity17unit17to17a17more17complicated17surgical17unit.
c. obtaining17additional17education17to17move17from17one17level17of17nursing17to17another.
d. learning17that17advancement17requires17consistent17work17and17commitment.
ANS:1 7 1 7 C
By17broadening17the17educational17base,17an17LPN/LVN17may17advance17and17build17a17nursing17caree
r.
DIF: Cognitive17Level:17Knowledge REF: p.177 OBJ:
Theory17#717TOP: Nursing17Education17Pathways
KEY:1 7 Nursing17Process17Step:17N/A17MSC:1 7 NCLEX:17N/A
9. When17diagnosis-
related17groups17(DRGs)17were17established17by17Medicare17in171983,17the17purpose17was17to
:
a. put17patients17with17the17same17diagnosis17on17the17same17unit.
b. attempt17to17contain17the17costs17of17health17care.
c. increase17the17availability17of17medical17care17to17older17adults.
d. identify17a17patient‘s17condition17more17quickly.
ANS:1 7 1 7 B
The17purpose17of17instituting17DRGs17was17to17contain17skyrocketing17costs17of17health17care.
DIF: Cognitive17Level:17Knowledge REF: p.1710 OBJ:
Theory17#1017TOP: Health17Care17Delivery
KEY:1 7 Nursing17Process17Step:17N/A
MSC:1 7 NCLEX:17N/A
10. The17advent17of17diagnosis-
related17groups17(DRGs)17required17that17nurses17working17in17health17care17agencies:
a. record17supportive17documentation17to17confirm17a17patient‘s17need17for17care17in1
7order17to17qualify17for17reimbursement.
b. use17the17DRG17rather17than17their17own17observations17for17patient17assessment.
c. be17aware17of17the17specific17drugs17related17to17the17diagnosis.
d. acquire17cross-training17to17make17staffing17more17flexible.
ANS:1 7 1 7 A
DRGs17required17that17nurses17provide17more17supportive17documentation17of17their17assessme
nts17and17identified17patient‘s17needs17to17qualify17the17facility17for17Medicare17reimbursemen
t.17Observant17assessment17might17also17indicate17another17DRG17classification17and17conseq
uently17more17reimbursement17for17the17facility.
DIF: Cognitive17Level:17Comprehension REF: p.1710 OBJ:
Theory17#1017TOP: Managed17Care
KEY:1 7 Nursing17Process17Step:17N/A
