PEDS FINAL EXAM
1. Spina bifida congenital defect, sac on the back, moist dressings, prone position, no swaddling,
report leakage, observe for increased ICP
2. Cerebral palsy Nonprogressive impairment of motor function, especially muscle control, coordi-
nation and posture;
baclofen, botox, and carbidopa
3. Hypoxemia cues clubbed fingers, grunting, nasal flaring, retractions
4. Asthma Bronchospasms narrow the openings of the bronchioles
5. Labs for asthma CBC: ‘WBC, ‘Eosinophils
ABG: ‘CO2, “O2
Allergy/RAST Testing: Identify triggers
SpO2: “(normal if mild episode)
CXR: Hyperinflation/infiltrate
6. PFT not for acute exacerbation
7. PEFR used daily, 1 second exhale
, PEDS FINAL EXAM
8. Meds to prevent Long-acting bronchodilators/B2-adrenergic Agonist (formoterol), Inhalationcorti-
asthma attacks costeroid (Fluticosone), Mast-cell Stabilizer (Cromolyn), Leukotriene ReceptorAn-
tagonists (Montelukast)
9. Meds for acute Short-acting bronchodilator (Albuterol) w/ Anticholinergic (Ipatropium), IV/PO
asthma attacks corticosteroids (prednisone)
10. Status asthmati- Possible intubation: Theophylline, Mg Sulfate IV, Heliox, Ketamine
cus treatment
11. Cystic fibrosis Epithelial cells do not conduct chloride, altering water transport > thick, tenacious
mucus in respiratory tract, pancreas, GI tract, & other exocrine tracts/ducts
12. CF meds pancreatic enzymes (30 min before meals)
Vitamins A, D, E, K (fat soluble)
polyethylene glycol (constipation) via NG tube
albuterol
anticholinergics
dornase alfa (decrease mucus viscosity)
NO CORTICOSTEROIDS
13. Labs/ Diagnostics Sweat Chloride Test:
for CF - Chloride >40mEq/L in infants (<3 mo) & >60mEq/dL for all other ages.
- Sodium >90mEq/L
KUB: detects meconium ileus
Stool analysis: presence of fat and enzymes
CXR: Hyperinflation, bronchial wallthickening, atelectasis, or infiltrates
PFT: “forced vital capacity/expiratory volume
14. Chest physiotherapy, clear secretions, prevent infection
1. Spina bifida congenital defect, sac on the back, moist dressings, prone position, no swaddling,
report leakage, observe for increased ICP
2. Cerebral palsy Nonprogressive impairment of motor function, especially muscle control, coordi-
nation and posture;
baclofen, botox, and carbidopa
3. Hypoxemia cues clubbed fingers, grunting, nasal flaring, retractions
4. Asthma Bronchospasms narrow the openings of the bronchioles
5. Labs for asthma CBC: ‘WBC, ‘Eosinophils
ABG: ‘CO2, “O2
Allergy/RAST Testing: Identify triggers
SpO2: “(normal if mild episode)
CXR: Hyperinflation/infiltrate
6. PFT not for acute exacerbation
7. PEFR used daily, 1 second exhale
, PEDS FINAL EXAM
8. Meds to prevent Long-acting bronchodilators/B2-adrenergic Agonist (formoterol), Inhalationcorti-
asthma attacks costeroid (Fluticosone), Mast-cell Stabilizer (Cromolyn), Leukotriene ReceptorAn-
tagonists (Montelukast)
9. Meds for acute Short-acting bronchodilator (Albuterol) w/ Anticholinergic (Ipatropium), IV/PO
asthma attacks corticosteroids (prednisone)
10. Status asthmati- Possible intubation: Theophylline, Mg Sulfate IV, Heliox, Ketamine
cus treatment
11. Cystic fibrosis Epithelial cells do not conduct chloride, altering water transport > thick, tenacious
mucus in respiratory tract, pancreas, GI tract, & other exocrine tracts/ducts
12. CF meds pancreatic enzymes (30 min before meals)
Vitamins A, D, E, K (fat soluble)
polyethylene glycol (constipation) via NG tube
albuterol
anticholinergics
dornase alfa (decrease mucus viscosity)
NO CORTICOSTEROIDS
13. Labs/ Diagnostics Sweat Chloride Test:
for CF - Chloride >40mEq/L in infants (<3 mo) & >60mEq/dL for all other ages.
- Sodium >90mEq/L
KUB: detects meconium ileus
Stool analysis: presence of fat and enzymes
CXR: Hyperinflation, bronchial wallthickening, atelectasis, or infiltrates
PFT: “forced vital capacity/expiratory volume
14. Chest physiotherapy, clear secretions, prevent infection
