Chromatography: separate to identify
Introduction:
This report is about chromatography and the different types of
chromatography techniques. The 2 techniques we used are paper
chromatography and thin layer chromatography.We used paper
chromatography for plant pigment, TLC for plant pigment and TLC
for amino acid. I will compare the differences between these
chromatography, the advantages and disadvantages and where
they can be used (what type of industries use them).
What is chromatography?
Chromatography is a laboratory technique for the separation
of mixtures into its components. The term Chromatography
originates from a Greek word which means“colour writing”. This
method separates molecules according to size, absorption capacity
and density.
Chromatography separates organic and inorganic compounds so
that they can be analysed.
In simple terms, it’s used to find out what is in a solid or liquid.
The mixture is dissolved in a substance or fluid solvent (e.g. water)
which is known as the mobile phase. The stationary phase performs
this separation, for example the chromatography paper.
● It’s a technique used to separate and identify chemicals in a
mixture (e.g. what colours the unknown ink contains)
● Relies on the movement of a liquid or gas through a medium
● Mobile phase = liquid or gas (compounds or solution)that
moves.
● Stationary phase = the medium that does not move
(chromatography paper).
,There are many types of chromatography techniques such as: thin
layer chromatography (TLC), paper chromatography, high
performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), ion exchange
chromatography, column chromatography and gas
chromatography.
Uses of chromatography:
Chromatography can be used in many industries such as:
● Vaccinations - useful in determining which antibodies fight
various viruses or diseases
● Drug testing - useful in solving crimes (inks from documents)
and beverage testing
● Forensic testing (crime scenes, identifying samples)
● Food testing- nutritional value
● Water purity
● Type of chlorophylls in various photosynthetic organisms
● Blood tests - used in sports to test athletes blood incase
presents of drugs
● Pharmaceutical
● Clinical trials
● Lead in water
High performance liquid chromatography:
It's a chromatographic method that is used to separate a mixture of
compounds in analytical biochemistry and chemistry. It identifies
and purifies the individual components of the mixture.
HPLC allows smaller particles for column packing materials. This
means that there is a greater surface area for the stationary phase
and the components that's flowing past it, this would create a better
separation. It's important to get better separation because that
would lead to an easier analysis making the experiment you
performed more accurate. HPLC uses pumps to reduce the
separation time, on the other hand this means that HPLC requires a
little more work.
, High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) is faster in speed
compared to other chromatography methods. For example,in high
liquid chromatography we use pumps to move samples which is
much quicker in comparison to moving the samples by pouring a
liquid on them. HPLC is used to analyse any drug to conform its
identity and provide quantitative results.
Additionally, HPLC can report accurate and precise results. The
flow of the mobile phase through the column is fast since it is
pushed through with a pump.
Furthermore, unlike other chromatography methods, HPLC allows
you to choose from many detector options such as electrochemical,
UV, refractive index,mass selective detector, fluorescence and
conductivity.
Evaluation of HPLC (D3):
The mobile phase is a liquid and the stationary phase is solid.
Since the different components move at different speeds they
separate from one another.
Advantages:
● It provides data managements
● Increases productivity by managing all the areas of analysis
● It is highly accurate and reliable
● It is faster compared to other chromatography methods and
more efficient; it uses pump rather than gravity
● It is used to test water samples to look for pollution in lakes
and rivers to analyse metal ions and organic compounds in
solutions
● It can be used to analyse blood samples that are found at
crime scenes
Disadvantages:
● It’s a very complex chromatography
● Columns clogging
● Limited sample size
Introduction:
This report is about chromatography and the different types of
chromatography techniques. The 2 techniques we used are paper
chromatography and thin layer chromatography.We used paper
chromatography for plant pigment, TLC for plant pigment and TLC
for amino acid. I will compare the differences between these
chromatography, the advantages and disadvantages and where
they can be used (what type of industries use them).
What is chromatography?
Chromatography is a laboratory technique for the separation
of mixtures into its components. The term Chromatography
originates from a Greek word which means“colour writing”. This
method separates molecules according to size, absorption capacity
and density.
Chromatography separates organic and inorganic compounds so
that they can be analysed.
In simple terms, it’s used to find out what is in a solid or liquid.
The mixture is dissolved in a substance or fluid solvent (e.g. water)
which is known as the mobile phase. The stationary phase performs
this separation, for example the chromatography paper.
● It’s a technique used to separate and identify chemicals in a
mixture (e.g. what colours the unknown ink contains)
● Relies on the movement of a liquid or gas through a medium
● Mobile phase = liquid or gas (compounds or solution)that
moves.
● Stationary phase = the medium that does not move
(chromatography paper).
,There are many types of chromatography techniques such as: thin
layer chromatography (TLC), paper chromatography, high
performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), ion exchange
chromatography, column chromatography and gas
chromatography.
Uses of chromatography:
Chromatography can be used in many industries such as:
● Vaccinations - useful in determining which antibodies fight
various viruses or diseases
● Drug testing - useful in solving crimes (inks from documents)
and beverage testing
● Forensic testing (crime scenes, identifying samples)
● Food testing- nutritional value
● Water purity
● Type of chlorophylls in various photosynthetic organisms
● Blood tests - used in sports to test athletes blood incase
presents of drugs
● Pharmaceutical
● Clinical trials
● Lead in water
High performance liquid chromatography:
It's a chromatographic method that is used to separate a mixture of
compounds in analytical biochemistry and chemistry. It identifies
and purifies the individual components of the mixture.
HPLC allows smaller particles for column packing materials. This
means that there is a greater surface area for the stationary phase
and the components that's flowing past it, this would create a better
separation. It's important to get better separation because that
would lead to an easier analysis making the experiment you
performed more accurate. HPLC uses pumps to reduce the
separation time, on the other hand this means that HPLC requires a
little more work.
, High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) is faster in speed
compared to other chromatography methods. For example,in high
liquid chromatography we use pumps to move samples which is
much quicker in comparison to moving the samples by pouring a
liquid on them. HPLC is used to analyse any drug to conform its
identity and provide quantitative results.
Additionally, HPLC can report accurate and precise results. The
flow of the mobile phase through the column is fast since it is
pushed through with a pump.
Furthermore, unlike other chromatography methods, HPLC allows
you to choose from many detector options such as electrochemical,
UV, refractive index,mass selective detector, fluorescence and
conductivity.
Evaluation of HPLC (D3):
The mobile phase is a liquid and the stationary phase is solid.
Since the different components move at different speeds they
separate from one another.
Advantages:
● It provides data managements
● Increases productivity by managing all the areas of analysis
● It is highly accurate and reliable
● It is faster compared to other chromatography methods and
more efficient; it uses pump rather than gravity
● It is used to test water samples to look for pollution in lakes
and rivers to analyse metal ions and organic compounds in
solutions
● It can be used to analyse blood samples that are found at
crime scenes
Disadvantages:
● It’s a very complex chromatography
● Columns clogging
● Limited sample size
